Guidelines for the Game of Chess

To its earliest known ancestor, termed chaturanga, in India, the history of chess can be traced back over 1,500 years; its prehistory is a matter of conjecture. It originated in India and traveled to Persia, where it underwent changes to its shapes and regulations and eventually became Shatranj. Chess was adopted by the Muslim world during the Arab invasion and conquest of Persia, and it later traveled to Europe via Spain and Italy. By around 1500 CE, the game had largely taken on its modern form.
From the latter half of the 18th century to the 1880s, "romantic chess" was the most popular strategy. Chess games during this time period prioritized short tactical moves over long-term strategic preparation. The Scientific, Hypermodern, and New Dynamism eras of play were the ones that came after the Romantic era. Modern chess tournament play started in the second half of the 19th century, and the first recognized World Chess Championship took place in 1886. The World Chess Federation was founded in the 20th century, which also saw significant advancements in chess theory. In the legendary Deep Blue against Garry Kasparov match in 1997, an IBM supercomputer defeated the reigning world chess champion, Garry Kasparov, leading the game into an era of computer dominance. Since then, computer analysis, which got its start in the 1970s with the release of the first commercially available programmed chess games, has greatly influenced the growth of chess theory and grown to be a crucial component of professional human chess preparation. The public now has access to computer analysis techniques that are far superior to those of any human player thanks to later breakthroughs in the 21st century. The 21st century saw a rise in popularity for online chess, which initially surfaced in the middle of the 1990s.