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With Foreword by John KeaneThe era of the Chinese leaders Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao was one in which China became richer, more powerful, more prominent and more vexed. This series of essays, originally published on the Open Democracy website between 2006 and 2013, attempts to make sense of the cultural, political and economic dynamics within which China operates. They deal with internal and external matters, and cover a range of topics, from the fall out over the award of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo to the build-up in 2008 to the Beijing Olympics. Furnished with a comprehensive introduction which sets out an assessment of where China was heading in the first and second decades of the 21st century, the essays encompass voices from the political elite, the migrant labourers and the complex patchwork of groups, people and interests that constitute a rising China whose influence is now felt across the world. Carnival China is a celebration of the confusion, dynamism and colour of China, presented through short essays which were written at the time key events happened and which capture and analyse the country''s contradictions and complexities.

This century has seen the development of technologies for manipulating and controlling matter and light at the level of individual photons and atoms, a realm in which physics is fully quantum mechanical. The dominant experimental technology is the laser, and the theoretical paradigm is quantum optics.

This is the essential aide memoir for clinicians who are dealing with children with acutely life-threatening disorders. Written by Imperial College healthcare NHS trust consultants, it is packed with guidelines and tips on how best to address a comprehensive range of clinical conditions.

Adiabatic shear bands are found in a variety of metals and other materials; they cause rapid weakening due to energy concentration into narrow regions of the material. This is the very first book on this important topic and the only true introduction to the subject.

This book is aimed at the approximation of set-valued functions with compact sets in an Euclidean space as values. The interest in set-valued functions is rather new. Such functions arise in various modern areas such as control theory, dynamical systems and optimization. The authors'' motivation also comes from the newer field of geometric modeling, in particular from the problem of reconstruction of 3D objects from 2D cross-sections. This is reflected in the focus of this book, which is the approximation of set-valued functions with general (not necessarily convex) sets as values, while previous results on this topic are mainly confined to the convex case. The approach taken in this book is to adapt classical approximation operators and to provide error estimates in terms of the regularity properties of the approximated set-valued functions. Specialized results are given for functions with 1D sets as values.

This is the first textbook in the field of electrochemistry that will teach experimental electrochemists how to carry out simulation of electrode processes. Processes at both macro- and micro-electrodes are examined and the simulation of both diffusion-only and diffusion convection processes are addressed. The simulation of processes with coupled homogeneous kinetics and at microelectrode arrays are further discussed. Over the course of the book the reader's understanding is developed to the point where they will be able to undertake and solve research-level problems. The book leads the reader through from a basic understanding of the principles underlying electrochemical simulation to the development of computer programs which describe the complex processes found in voltammetry. This is the third book in the "Understanding Voltammetry" series, published with Imperial College Press and written by the Compton group. Other books in the series include "Understanding Voltammetry," written by Richard G Compton with Craig Banks and also "Understanding Voltammetry: Problems and Solutions" (2012) written by Richard G Compton with Christopher Batchelor-McAuley and Edmund Dickinson. These are and continue to be successful textbooks for graduates in electrochemistry and electroanalytical studies.

This study revolves around the jihad ideas of 'Abd All¿h 'Azz¿m - an iconic figure in the study of militant jihad in the 20th century, history of Afghan jihad against the Soviet Union, Al-Qaeda and current threat of terrorism.This study has several objectives: to render an in-depth description of his ideas by way of a review of his writing, hitherto little referenced in the literature; to identify how these ideas have inspired so many to participate in militant jihad in the Soviet-Afghan war, and indeed elsewhere; to highlight the internal contradictions and inconsistencies in 'Azz¿m's ideas, and to juxtapose these ideas with contemporary jihadism; to identify specific aspects of 'Azz¿m's ideas in order to extract key lessons for counter-ideology work within the framework of counter-terrorism.some of 'Azz¿m's jihad ideas diverge from dominant ideas held by current jihadist groups like Al-Qaeda and these could potentially be used to counter contemporary jihad ideas and practices of jihadists.

Research on designing catalytic systems has been one of the most important fields in modern organic chemistry, and one reason for this is the predominant contribution of catalysis to the concepts of atom economy and green chemistry in the 21st century. This book presents the major advances in homogeneous catalysis.

One of the issues in contemporary Islamic thought which has attracted considerable attention amongst Muslim scholars and within the Muslim community is the valid and appropriate attitude of Muslims to relationships with non-Muslims. A major source of confusion and controversy with regards to this relationship comes from the allegation that Muslims must reserve their love and loyalty for fellow Muslims, and reject and declare war on the rest of humanity - most acutely seen through the Islamic concept of Al-Wala' wal Bara' (WB) translated as "Loyalty and Disavowal", which appears to be central in the ideology of modern Salafism.This book investigates the dynamics and complexities of the concept of WB within modern Salafism and aims to understand the diverse interpretation of this concept; and how modern Salafis understand and apply the concept in contemporary religious, social and political settings. The book discovers that the complexities, diversities and disputes surrounding the concept in modern Salafism often revolve around issues of social, political and current realities.The significance of this book lies in the fact that comprehending modern Salafis' conception of WB, its realities and complexities has become an urgent priority in the lives of Muslims today.

This captivating book presents a new, unified picture of the everyday world around us. It provides rational, scientific support for the idea that there may well be more to our reality than meets the eye...

Small Firms as Innovators: From Innovation to Sustainable Growth provides a rich empirical analysis of innovation in the context of small business. The book first introduces the general innovation patterns present in small firms.

The bioenergy industry has grown rapidly since the turn of the century as politicians and energy producers have sought alternatives to fossil fuels.

Aberration-Corrected Imaging in Transmission Electron Microscopy provides an introduction to aberration-corrected atomic-resolution electron microscopy imaging in materials and physical sciences.

This book is about the evolution of the sense of smell, from its bacterial origin 3.4 billion years ago, to today's modern, sophisticated humans with an insatiable appetite for perfumes and fragrances.

The basics, present status and future prospects of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are described in the form of a textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. This title covers achievements in the field of STEM obtained with advanced technologies.

Offers a comprehensive overview of the developments in both total oxidation and combustion and also in selective oxidation. This book covers oxidation catalysis, one of the major areas of industrial chemistry, outlining various achievements, challenges and future opportunities.

Active Control of Aircraft Cabin Noise provides a bridge to fill the gap between robust control theory and practical applications of active noise control systems in aircraft cabin.

This book, suitable for undergraduates in chemistry, describes atomic orbitals in detail and is illustrated by three-dimensional plots of the mathematical functions (no artists' impressions). It then extends the key fundamental quantum properties to many-electron atoms, linear combinations of atomic orbitals, simple molecules, delocalised systems, atomic spectroscopy and paramagnetism.

This is the first book that presents a comprehensive introduction to and overview of electro-magnetic tissue property imaging techniques using MRI, focusing on Magnetic Resonance Electrical Impedance Tomography (MREIT), Electrical Properties Tomography (EPT) and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM). The contrast information from these novel imaging modalities is unique since there is currently no other method to reconstruct high-resolution images of the electro-magnetic tissue properties including electrical conductivity, permittivity, and magnetic susceptibility. These three imaging modalities are based on Maxwell''s equations and MRI data acquisition techniques. They are expanding MRI''s ability to provide new contrast information on tissue structures and functions.To facilitate further technical progress, the book provides in-depth descriptions of the most updated research outcomes, including underlying physics, mathematical theories and models, measurement techniques, computation issues, and other challenging problems.

Organic materials with extraordinary magnetic properties promise a wide range of light, flexible, and inexpensive alternatives to familiar metal-based magnets. Individual organic molecules with high magnetic moments will be the foundation for design and fabrication of these materials. This book provides a systematic understanding of the structure and properties of organic magnetic molecules. After a summary of the phenomenon of magnetism at the molecular level, it presents a survey of the challenges to theoretical description and evaluation of the magnetic character of open-shell molecules, and an overview of recently developed methods and their successes and shortfalls. Several fields of application, including very strong organic molecular magnets and photo-magnetic switches, are surveyed. Finally, discussions on metal-based materials and simultaneously semiconducting and ferromagnetic extended systems and solids point the way toward future advances. The reader will find a comprehensive discourse on current understanding of magnetic molecules, a thorough survey of computational methods of characterizing known and imagined molecules, simple rules for design of larger magnetic systems, and a guide to opportunities for progress toward organic magnets.

High-pressure materials research has been revolutionized over the years due to technological breakthroughs in the diamond anvil cell (DAC), shock wave compression and molecular dynamic simulation (MD) methods. This monograph reports on the progress in the field.

Provides an introduction to the important subject of nonlinear mixture models from a Bayesian perspective. This title contains background material, a brief description of Markov chain theory, as well as novel algorithms and their applications.

This book highlights emerging diffraction studies of strain and dislocation gradients with mesoscale resolution, which is currently a focus of research at laboratories around the world. While ensemble-average diffraction techniques are mature, grain and subgrain level measurements needed to understand real materials are just emerging. In order to understand the diffraction signature of different defects, it is necessary to understand the distortions created by the defects and the corresponding changes in the reciprocal space of the non-ideal crystals.Starting with a review of defect classifications based on their displacement fields, this book then provides connections between different dislocation arrangements, including geometrically necessary and statistically stored dislocations, and other common defects and the corresponding changes in the reciprocal space and diffraction patterns. Subsequent chapters provide an overview of microdiffraction techniques developed during the last decade to extract information about strain and dislocation gradients. X-ray microdiffraction is a particularly exciting application compared with alternative probes of local crystalline structure, orientation and defect density, because it is inherently non-destructive and penetrating.

Considers the various options of renewable energy, including water energy, wind energy and biomass, solar thermal and solar photovoltaic energy. This work examines the environmental implications and economic viability of various fossil and renewable sources.