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The Ulster Plantation of the early seventeenth century is widely accepted as a period of critical importance in the shaping of modern Ulster and one of the most significant projects of colonisation in the early modern world. However, there have been relatively few studies that have looked in detail at the impact of the Plantation scheme at local level.This publication brings together the work of a group of professional and amateur historians. Forty years ago a small group of people under the leadership of the late Mr Robert J. Hunter (University of Ulster) looked firstly at the Plantation of Ulster and then sought out information for this period relating specifically to the barony of Strabane.Under the scheme of Plantation, Strabane barony was allocated to undertakers from Scotland, the chief of whom was James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn. The settlement here was therefore overwhelmingly Scottish, rather than English. Chapters in this book look at Strabane in the pre-Plantation era, the background of the Scottish undertakers, the development of the town of Strabane, the impact of the Reformation, and the socio-economic conditions prevailing in the barony in the early seventeenth century.First published over 30 years ago, this fresh edition of The Strabane Barony during the Ulster Plantation, 1607-41 presents to a new audience the story of the Plantation in the barony of Strabane. It stands as an exemplar of the way in which a professional historian and his students can successfully work together to produce a high-quality publication.

Born in County Meath, Robert John Hunter was educated at Wesley College and Trinity College, Dublin. After graduation he began his extensive and all-consuming research on the Ulster Plantation. Through his meticulous research he gained an encyclopaedic knowledge of his subject acquiring a reputation as one of the great experts on this seminal event in Irish history.Published for the first time is Bob Hunter's MLitt dissertation 'The Ulster Plantation in the Counties of Armagh and Cavan 1608-41, a fascinating study of two counties that were an integral part of the Plantation of Ulster.In his penetrating analysis of the impact of Plantation in Armagh and Cavan, R.J. Hunter demonstrates his mastery of the sources, his eye for detail and his succinctness of presentation. Hunter's command of his subject - in places magisterial - was grounded on a strong chronological foundation, in which each development was located in its proper time and place.The depth of understanding that Hunter brings to these and other aspects of plantation society is matched by the depth of the archival research that underpins it.

It is impossible for any observer to look at a map of Ireland and fail to notice the expanse of blue in the centre of Northern Ireland denoting what many have described as a freshwater inland sea. Standing on the shoreline, whether it be in Ballyronan, Washingbay, Oxford Island or Antrim, one could easily be transported to some coastal seascape but for the faint outline of the opposite shore, often set in a haze by the winter drizzle or the summer heat. This is Lough Neagh, the largest lake in these islands. It is the scale and geography that makes Lough Neagh such a unique heritage feature. This cascades downwards to incorporate the natural environment, archaeology, historical structures and communities. For millennia people have lived by the lough and earned a livelihood along its shoreline and on its waters. The enigmatic beauty and effervescence of the lough has inspired poets and authors, singers and songwriters. Bringing together archaeologists, geographers, historians, scientists and other experts in their field, many with a strong connection to Lough Neagh, this beautifully illustrated volume includes 50 essays which explore the diversity of interactions between the people of the lough and the natural, cultural and built environment from the earliest times to the present day.

When the first edition of this book appeared in 2005 as Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors it was quickly recognised as an essential work of reference for family historians researching Ulster ancestors in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It filled an important gap in providing reliable guidance on sources for perhaps the most critical period in understanding a family's links with the north of Ireland.This is territory where some family historians fear to tread. But they need not. This guide opens up avenues for research; drawing attention to the riches of archives inside and outside of the island of Ireland, demonstrating the benefit of often undervalued, rare, even quite unconventional, yet accessible sources - if you know where to look - which can help document your ancestors back to the 1600s.At more than twice the size of the original, this new edition is a massively expanded version of the first volume. It includes additional information on church records and landed estate papers, as well as new chapters looking at records relating to law and order, emigration, business and occupations, diaries and journals, and clubs and societies.The extensive appendices to the book include a summary breakdown of the sources available from this period for every parish in the historic nine counties of Ulster (including a listing of surviving pre-1800 church records); a detailed description of around 350 collections of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century landed estate papers; and a listing of more than 500 towns and villages in Ulster with parish locations.Whether your ancestors are of English, Scottish or Gaelic Irish background, whether their religious affiliation was Anglican, Methodist, Presbyterian, Catholic or other, whether they were farmers, merchants or labourers, this volume will be of enormous value to anyone wishing to find out more about their Ulster roots.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities. The Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoir for the parish of Cumber in the west of the county, an extensive area, including the villages of Claudy and Park, dotted with mills, gentlemen's seats, churches and schools. The material paints a vivid picture of life, greatly influenced by the patronage of the Fishmongers Company, the chief proprietors.Cultivation and productivity are analysed in each individual townland, with model farms prominent throughout. The history of the region documented in townland names and antiquities, while social life comes alive through school statistics, dispensary rules and emigrants' letters. Together this material provides a unique insight into life in this area over 150 years ago.

The Second World War was a titanic struggle against totalitarianism. It involved civilian populations - in the production of ships and armaments and as victims of aerial bombardments - as never before. In this respect, Belfast played an important role. The more it became vital to the war effort the greater was the risk that it would be subjected to a blitz from the Luftwaffe. In spite of that, it remained woefully unprepared for attack. For Belfast, like Coventry, there was to be no gradual conditioning. When the Luftwaffe squadrons first struck, on Easter Tuesday night 1941, the sudden and sustained bombardments devastated the city. Equally seriously, civilian morale was shattered.This book examines the reasons for the authorities' lack of preparation and describes the full terror of the blitz. It also details how the raids exposed extreme poverty in Belfast. It considers the impact on social policy and on the emerging welfare state, particularly in housing provision and health care. It assesses their effect on sectarian relations within the city, on North/South relations and on the relationship between Stormont and Westminster. It can claim to be by far the most wide-ranging, comprehensive and accurate account of the Belfast blitz yet written.Drawing on a rich range of primary and secondary sources it gets closer to the events described than any previous publication. Large numbers of people, including first-hand witnesses, were interviewed, and documentary material was assembled from some thirty archive centres - including private diaries, memoirs and correspondence, civil defence message books, Belfast City Council papers, accounts by British and American servicemen, intelligence files, meteorological records, and military war diaries and analyses.Vividly illustrated with almost two hundred original photographs, many previously unpublished, the book also contains for the first time the full list of civilian dead - almost nine hundred names. It will thus serve as a timely memorial, on the seventy-fifth anniversary, of one of the devastating periods in Belfast's history.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities. The Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoirs for five parishes in south Londonderry, in the shadow of Slieve Gallion and including the towns of Draperstown, part of Moneymore, and Tobermore. Much of this district was owned by the Drapers' Company, whose regulations and benevolence greatly influenced their tenantry.This was a thriving area well endowed with remains of antiquity, gentlemen's seats, mills and public buildings, and its commercial character is attested to by a variety of occupations, fairs and markets. Social life is especially well documented through habits of the people, emigration and education, with wonderful accounts of the traditions, customs and verse of its inhabitants. Together this material provides a unique insight into life in this area over one hundred and fifty years ago.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities. The Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoirs for 6 parishes in west Antrim, focusing on Ballymena and including the towns and villages of Ahoghill, Cloughmills, Cullybackey, Galgorm, Portglenone and Rasharkin.The material paints a marvellous picture of the flourishing commercial centre of Ballymena, with its numerous public and eccleastical buildings. The vibrant character of the town is delineated through its trades, markets, fairs and banks, as well as its wide range of social and benevolent societies.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities.These Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes of Mid and East Tyrone.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities. The Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoirs for the east Londonderry parishes of Maghera and Tamlaght O'Crilly, the latter bordering county Antrim. The scope of the reports is comprehensive, containing descriptions of the towns of Maghera and Swatragh, and villages of Curran and Tamlaght, as well as providing detailed information on natural features and antiquities, emigration and education, and traditions and superstitions of the people. The material provides a fascinating insight into life in this predominantly rural area over one hundred and fifty years ago.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the 6" Ordnance Survey maps, but with one exception were not published at the time. In this new edition they act as a nineteenth-century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of our communities. The Memoirs document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoir for the parish of Cumber in the west of the county, an extensive area, including the villages of Claudy and Park, dotted with mills, gentlemen's seats, churches and schools. The material paints a vivid picture of life, greatly influenced by the patronage of the Fishmongers Company, the chief proprietors.Cultivation and productivity are analysed in each individual townland, with model farms prominent throughout. The history of the region documented in townland names and antiquities, while social life comes alive through school statistics, dispensary rules and emigrants' letters. Together this material provides a unique insight into life in this area over 150 years ago.

The Ordnance Survey Memoirs are a uniquely detailed source for the history of the northern half of Ireland immediately before the Great Famine. They were written in the 1830s to accompany the Ordnance Survey maps, but were not published at the time.In these new editions they act as a 19th century Domesday book and are essential to the understanding of the cultural heritage of their communities. They document the landscape and situation, buildings and antiquities, land-holdings and population, and employment and livelihood of the parishes.This volume contains the Memoirs for 14 parishes in north-east Donegal, including an impressive account of Lough Swilly, an extensive area from the coastline of Lough Foyle as far west as Downings and encompassing the peninsulas of Inishowne and Fanad, as well as Tory Island. Main areas covered in Inishowen include Buncrana, Carndonagh, Clonmany, Moville, Muff and Inch Island, while further west are the towns of Carrigart, Kilmacrenan, Milford, Ramelton, Rathmullan, Rosnakill and Tamney.

Robert Dinsmoor's poetry is perhaps the greatest achievement of Scotch-Irish writing in the nineteenth century. His work frames a vibrant culture whose ties of faith, family and friendship criss-crossed the Atlantic.He records people, places and events with humour and compassion, and was rightfully accorded the status of the 'Rustic Bard' of New Hampshire. The recovery of his work is important. It underlines the power of art to find pathways between the Old and New Worlds; and how awareness of Scottish literature and traditions could be celebrated and extended in North America.Dinsmoor's writing encapsulates the hopes and aspirations of migrants asserting their place within a confident, awakening nation and stands as a pioneering articulation of postcolonial American literature.The reissue of this book on the poetry of a man called by some the Robert Burns of New Hampshire includes an Afterword by Alister McReynolds.

Shipbuilding was a most unlikely success story in Belfast and its prosperity was created by a strange mixture of entrepreneurial ability, timing, technicalexpertise and employment patterns. It was the last of the 'main' industries to develop in Belfast but in terms of wealth-creation and prestige, it was perhaps the greatest of the city's employers.By the start of the twentieth century Belfast had become one of the main centres of the British shipbuilding industry and, in some years before the First World War, the city's yards were producing up to 10% of British merchant shipping output.But how did the town develop into one of the world's great shipbuilding centres?This book offers the first history of the whole spectrum of the Belfast shipbuilding industry. It is the story of the yards and the ships. Beyond that it explores the social conditions and workplace environment of the tens of thousands whom this great industry embraced.

'Hammers clanging' was the sound that the great nineteenth-century novelist William Makepeace Thackeray associated with Belfast when he visited it in 1842. By then, Belfast's industrial development was well under way. Had Thackeray visited the city in 1900, he would not have been surprised to find that it was by then the fastest-growing city in the British Isles. It had outstripped Dublin as the largest on the island of Ireland; indeed, it ranked third in the British empire ... and still echoed to the sound of those clanging hammers. Industry lay at the heart of the city's manufacturing prowess. The shipyards dominated the central harbour area. The textile mills - over 200 of them - seemed to be on every street corner. The constant movement of workers and goods, the smells and sounds of constant industrial activity, and that distinctive clang of metal on metal, dominated the city's daily life. The city's expansion made it a magnet for the many thousands who migrated there in search of work. This forms the focus of the first chapter, '"The town broke loose": growth'. Belfast's population multiplied many times between 1750 and 1914 - in 1900 only a quarter of the city's population had been born there. Industrialisation was the engine of Belfast's remarkable growth and the principal contributors to its industrial development - shipbuilding, linen and engineering - take pride of place in the second chapter. The hectic nature of the thriving and constant activity on the streets of the city (for example, 'scavengers' were employed to scoop up and recycle the manure left on the streets by horses) and the equally rumbustious local and national political goings-on at a critical time in Ireland's history are given close attention. Throughout the book, the deft use of primary sources and documents illuminates the intriguing story of Belfast, an industrial city described in 1914, at the end of our period of interest, as 'really a wonder'.

For most people, nineteenth-century Belfast is the very essence of an industrial city, boasting as it did by 1900 the world's largest spinning mill, the most productive shipyard, the biggest ropeworks and tobacco factory. This book looks beyond that world to reveal an earlier Belfast where the foundations for its later industrial prowess were laid. It charts the town's remarkable growth from site to city, from the first mentions of it as long ago as the seventh century through to the 13th-century Anglo-Norman settlement and Gaelic revival, to the Plantation town of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It re-traces not only the development of the early streets, and their names, but also the lives of those who walked and lived in them. In doing so it recreates something of the thriving commercial settlement and port that came increasingly to dominate the life of the region it served - Ulster - in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries." "Using a unique series of maps, together with archaeological and documentary evidence that has been expertly pieced together, the book revolutionises our understanding of this, the most Ulster of towns, before the coming of industrialisation. Just as importantly, it reminds us that Belfast has always stood, in the poet Derek Mahon's lyrical phrase, a 'hill at the top of every street.

A new genealogical guide to help you find out more about your Irish and Scots-Irish ancestors.Agriculture has been central to Irish life for millennia and though in recent decades there have been significant social, economic and demographic changes, the people of Ireland are still generally thought of in terms of their historic relationship with the land.The aim of this book is to help those with roots in the farming communities of Ireland find out more about their ancestors. Throughout this volume, attention is drawn to the richness of the documentation held in archives and libraries on the island of Ireland, as well as highlighting a selection of material found beyond these shores.Prior to the late nineteenth century very few farmers owned their farms outright, but rather were tenants on an estate. Considerable attention is given to the records generated by the management of landed estates in Ireland and how these can help uncover much about the lives of farming families. As the result of legislation passed in the late 1800s and early 1900s, the estate system came to an end and an owner-occupier class of farmers was created. The records relating to this major period of change are highlighted and discussed.There are also chapters on the Registry of Deeds, Valuation records, registers of freeholders and the Encumbered Estates Court and its successors, as well as material created by farmers, such as diaries and account books, and the records of farming organisations, including agricultural improvement societies and the co-operative movement. A final chapter considers documentation relating to agricultural labourers, cottiers and farm workers.A farmer's son from County Tyrone, Dr William Roulston is the author of Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors (2nd edition, 2018) and Researching Presbyterian Ancestors in Ireland (2020).

Irish language activist and director of the ULTACH Trust Aodán Mac Póilin wrote in his collected essays Our Tangled Speech, 'The Irish language named the landscape and if you know the language, the landscape talks back'. Undoubtedly a large majority of our place names in Ulster derive from Gaelic, in this fascinating study the author also explains the derivation of common Ulster place names from Viking, Anglo-Norman, English and Scottish roots, placing them in the context of Ulster history, for example, from the Elizabethan conquest or the Ulster Plantation.As well as demonstrating the origins of Gaelic place names from ancient kingdoms and peoples, physical features, the built environment such as ring forts and castles, religion and the Irish church, the guide expands to explain root words employed in townlands, towns and Irish land divisions, and shows how the new settlers, especially the landowners had an impact on Ulster place names. There is also a section explaining how these myriad influences impacted our street names, with Belfast used as an example to demonstrate this process in action historically.Investigation of our place names is an enjoyable and rewarding investigation of our past. Prehistoric sites, early Irish society, past and present landscapes are all there to be discovered. This book provides a guide to the interpretation of place names in Ulster, gives historical background and explains the origins of many of our place names. Place Names in Ulster is a doorway into a hugely interesting subject exploring the richness of our heritage of place names and how these reveal so much about our landscape, people, flora and fauna, and so much else. The guide is a practical research tool that will aid researchers, novices and the more experienced alike, especially those interested in family and local history.As a small tribute to Dr Bardon, the Foundation would like to produce a new edition of one of his lesser known, but still highly regarded, works. Around 1992 Jonathan turned his attention to place names and the result was a short but incredibly accessible, fascinating and broad-ranging guide. Originally published as Investigating Place Names in Ulster, and subsequently reprinted as Place Names in the North of Ireland this guide is a superb introduction and essential reading for anyone making a foray into the origins of the place names of Ulster.

Written by Dr William Roulston, author of the best-selling Researching Scots Irish Ancestors and Research Director of Ulster Historical Foundation, Researching Presbyterian Ancestors in Ireland is a new genealogical guide to help you find your Irish and Scots-Irish ancestors.Millions of people around the world have Presbyterian ancestors from Ireland. The aim of this book is to help those with Irish Presbyterian roots find out more about their forebears. It considers the different strands of Presbyterianism in Ireland and explores the range of records generated by these religious denominations and where this material can be accessed by researchers. Much attention is focused on the documentation created by individual congregations, though consideration is also given to the records created by the higher courts of Presbyterianism and other bodies, as well as the personal papers of Presbyterian ministers.Whether your ancestors were Covenanters, Seceders or Non-Subscribers, whether they were devout or merely nominal, whether they lived and died in Ireland or departed from these shores, this publication will assist you in understanding more about Presbyterians and Presbyterianism in Ireland.

The Catholic Church has been a very important presence in the history of modern Ireland. The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are in a very real sense the time when it took on the form that made it such a weighty social force in the life of the nation.This publication studies a community moulded by several forces. The two most important were the penal legislation and the mission of tridentine Catholicism. Within it, there were wide diversities of experience, diversities between one region and another, and diversities between the different social classes. The 'Penal Days' were indeed penal, but they were not quite the simple story of uniform deprivation that our legend would like to make them.This edition includes an introduction by Prof. Thomas O'Connor which considers the career developments of Patrick Corish as historian, university teacher and writer; his major achievement in revolutionising how church history was taught in his role as professor of modern history at Maynooth (building on the work of his predecessor, Cardinal Tomás Ó Fiaich); his legendary ability as a lecturer; and one of the best known and most respected scholars on the island of Ireland.

The Book of Ulster Surnames has over 500 entries of the most common family names of the nine county province of Ulster, with reference to thousands more.It gives the meaning and history of each name, its original form, where it came from - Ireland, Scotland, England, Wales or France - and why it changed to what it is today. The index is an essential asset to the publication - providing nearly 3,000 surnames and variant spellings, cross-referenced to the main listing.The book includes notes on some famous bearers of the name and where in Ulster the name is now most common. This new edition by the Foundation also includes an article by the author on the Riding Clans of the Scottish Borders, many members of which came to Ulster during the Plantation.The result is a reference book which details much about the history of the Ulster Irish as well as the Scottish and English who arrived from the seventeenth century onwards, and is packed with surprising insights into the origins of a complex, turbulent people.