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The textbook is designed to provide a "non-intimidating" entry to the field of mathematical biology. It is also useful for those wishing to teach an introductory course. Although there are many good mathematical biology texts available, most books are too advanced mathematically for most biology majors. Unlike undergraduate math majors, most biology major students possess a limited math background. Given that computational biology is a rapidly expanding field, more students should be encouraged to familiarize themselves with this powerful approach to understand complex biological phenomena. Ultimately, our goal with this undergraduate textbook is to provide an introduction to the interdisciplinary field of mathematical biology in a way that does not overly terrify an undergraduate biology major, thereby fostering a greater appreciation for the role of mathematics in biology

This fully revised and completely updated second edition provides a comprehensive overview of the fields of rhinology/skull base and obstructive sleep apnea. It summarizes all advances and describes surgical techniques using diagrammatic, photographic and video clip illustrations. The incidence of sinusitis and sleep apnea is increasing worldwide as people continue to gain weight and live in environments conductive to type 2 helper lymphocyte related disease. With that increase, we are seeing the development of better surgical techniques and technology, medical and instrumental, to help us take care of our patients. Highly experienced international faculty authors the chapters, sharing their philosophy and surgical techniques designed to prevent complications. The chapters are grouped into sinonasal/skull base and sleep apnea sections and are listed starting first with basic and then progress to cover advanced surgical techniques. Each chapter contains disease presentation, diagnostic techniques, medical management, indications for surgery, surgical techniques and tips to avoid complications. Rhinologic and Sleep Apnea Surgical Techniques 2nd edition will be an invaluable resource for learners of all levels and practicing otolaryngologists.

This book is a collection of contributions presented at the 16th annual international symposium "Frontiers of Fundamental Physics" (FFP16), supported by Istanbul University. As a document of the latest occurrence of this very important gathering, it presents the most recent advances in fundamental physics and physics teaching. For nearly fifteen years, the FFP has attracted some of the greatest physicists in the world. The broad objective of the entire endeavor has been to enable scholars working in slightly different areas to meet on a single platform. Even with this particular year's safety restrictions arising from Covid, we feel that the general mission has been carried out as fully as in any year. The book features addresses given by a host of expert contributors, all of which are organized according to seven individual themes. The areas covered include Astronomy and Astrophysics, Particle Physics, Theoretical Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, Computational Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Complex Systems and related areas. This book should prove to be a veritable bounty for anyone with an interest in the continued evolution of our understanding of the physical world.

Large-Scale Structure from Galaxy and Cluster Surveys.- The Dark Mass at the Center of the Milky Way.- Dim Matter in the Disks of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies.- Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Comparison of Black Hole and Fermion Ball Scenarios of the Galactic Center.- Dark Matter and Baryons in Groups and Clusters of Galaxies.- Baryonic Dark Matter and Machos.- The Next Generation Microlensing Search: SuperMacho.- Dynamics of Dark Matter Cusps.- Testing Hierarchical Structure Formation Scenarios.- Cosmology Rounding the Cape.- Large Scale Structure in an Era of Precision CMB Measurements.- Astrophysical Constraints on Neutralino Dark Matter from Multifrequency Observations of Galaxy Clusters.- On the Formation of Degenerate Heavy Fermion Stars.- The Self-Gravitating Fermi Gas.- Dark Matter in the Halo of the Galaxy.- Supersymmetry and Dark Matter.- On WIMP Detection Rates in Constrained SUSY.- Status of Supersymmetry in the Light of Recent Experiments.- Theoretical Directional and Modulated Rates for Direct SUSY Dark Matter Detection.- Nonthermal Production of Gravitinos and Inflatinos in the Inflationary Universe.- Supersymmetric Dark Matter and Recent Experimental Constraints.- Axinos as Cold Dark Matter Candidate.- LEP Constraints on Susy Dark Matter.- Cosmology from Large Scale Structure.- Natural Quintessence and the Brane World.- Self-Tuning Solution of the Cosmological Constant Problem with Antisymmetric Tensor Field.- Bad News for Tracking Quintessence.- Gauged Inflation.- Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Chaplygin Gas.- Dark Matter Distribution from Gravitational Entropy Evolution.- Cosmology with a Long-Range Repulsive Force.- Constraining Dark Matter Candidates from Structure Formation.- Dark Matter-Photon Interactions: Are They Allowed?.- Scalar Field Dark Matter and Galaxy Formation.- Status of Evidence for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay.- Evidence for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Revisited - Reply to a Comment.- Neutrinos: Summarizing the State-of-the-Art.- New Constraints on Massive Degenerate Neutrinos from Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Cosmic Microwave Background Fluctuations.- Neutrino Mass from Tritium ? Decay.- KATRIN: The Future of Tritium Beta Decay Experiments.- WIMP Search by the DAMA Experiment at Gran Sasso.- GENIUS and GENIUS-TF - The Potential for Cold Dark Matter and Solar Neutrino Searches.- ZEPLIN III - A Two Phase Xenon Dark Matter Detector.- ZEPLIN IV: A One Ton WIMP Detector.- Status of Direct Dark Matter Detection Experiments at the Boulby Mine.- Dark Matter Search in the EDELWEISS Experiment.- The CRESST Dark Matter Search Status and Future.- The Status of SIMPLE in 2002.- Atmospheric Neutrinos, WIMPs and Monopoles: Physics with the AMANDA Neutrino Telescope.- Dark Matter Prospects with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope.- Results and Implications of First SNO.- Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiments.- Future Underground Laboratory in Finland.- Clustering, GUT Scale and Neutrino Masses in Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays.- Cosmic Anti-Matter and Dark Matter Searches with AMS-02 on the International Space Station ISS.- Absolute Neutrino Mass Phenomenology.- DARK 2002 and Beyond, Concluding Remarks for Dark 2002.- Author IndeX.- List of Participants.

This first edition text book describes applicable step-wise approaches to successfully manage patients with failed fracture fixation. Cases are presented for a range of anatomical sites focusing on the aetiology of the failure, clinical examination along with the necessary investigations required for the initial patient assessment, pre-operative planning and its successful execution. Emphasis is placed on detailing when the timing of an intervention is required. A "tips and tricks" section is provided in each chapter enabling the reader to familiarize themselves with potential pitfalls associated with each technique covered and further develop their understanding of the content covered.Failed Fracture Fixation: Revision Surgery Made Easy is a comprehensive practically applicable guide to understand the aetiology of failure and to become familiar on how to use a range of relevant surgical techniques in a variety of anatomical sites to provide the patient with optimum conditions for a successful clinical and functional outcome. Therefore, it is an essential resource for trainee and practicing orthopedic surgeons seeking up-to-date guidance on how to apply the latest methodologies into their daily practice.

Molekulare Grundlagen - Chromosomen - Chromosomenaberrationen - Mendelsche Erbgänge und monogene Erkrankungen - Mitochondriale Vererbung und Mitochondropathien - Multifaktorielle Vererbung und Erkrankungen - Geschlechtsentwicklungsstörungen - Genetische Aspekte der Störungen in der Frühschwangerschaft - Angeborene Fehlbildungen und Dysmorphiesyndrome - Tumorgenetik - Genetische Beratung - Pränataldiagnostik - Theraphie genetischer Krankheiten

This book presents a representative set of Pierangelo Garegnani's (1930-2011) works on the theory of value and distribution. It features a selection of essays, chosen by Garegnani himself, concerning central aspects of his work: first and foremost, the continuation and development of Piero Sraffa's effort to elaborate an alternative to the dominance of marginalist thought on the theory of value and distribution. Garegnani articulates and extends Sraffa's contribution in two directions: the critique of marginalist theory with respect to the treatment of capital, and the reappraisal of the surplus approach to distribution proper to classical political economy. In turn, these two strands of analysis are combined in Garegnani's project to make the Keynesian principle of effective demand more robust and general by dropping the unnecessary elements of marginalism and linking it to the classical explanation of distribution. This book reveals how Garegnani's contribution has advanced the degree of theoretical elaboration for several issues that fall within the developmental paths of economic analysis opened by Sraffa and Keynes. It begins with a comprehensive introduction in which Garegnani illustrates the conceptual path that links the contributions presented here. The starting point of this intellectual journey is Garegnani's previously unpublished doctoral thesis 'A Problem in the Theory of Distribution from Ricardo to Wicksell, ' prepared at the University of Cambridge under the supervision of Piero Sraffa and Maurice Dobb, which is followed by various essays selected by Garegnani on the critique of marginalist theories, the classical approach to value and distribution, and the role of aggregate demand for the long-run trends of output and capital accumulation. The book is a must-read for all scholars interested in the resumption and development of the classical approach, as well as economic theory in general, and the history of economicthought.

This book introduces a different approach to thinking about and engaging with strategy in the practice field. The insight-driven, first principles-based approach to strategising and strategic problem-solving developed in this book provides a conceptually rigorous yet pragmatic approach to strategising, and as such the book addresses deficiencies of the current theory-practice gap in the strategy field. In particular, the author introduces and develops a conceptually rigorous approach to the crucial transition stage from strategic analysis to strategic option formation in the strategy process. The book introduces several new concepts such as the firm's unique competing space and its strategic boundaries, the strategic thinking algorithm, and shows how these, when integrated with existing approaches and first-principles thinking, significantly enhance the coherence and effectiveness of strategic problem-solving in practice. Additionally, the book includes supplementary enhancing features throughout the chapters in the form of Praxis Reflections, Praxis Perspectives, and Praxis Cases that tie the concepts and methods presented to real-world strategy practice. This book will appeal not only to strategy practitioners, but also academic researchers and graduate-level students of strategic management.

I. Clinical Assessment of Lymph Node Metastases.- Efficacy of Immunoscintigraphy for Detection of Lymph Node Metastases.- Sensitivity and Specificity of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastases.- Diagnosis and Staging of Lymph Node Metastases.- Detection and Relevance of Immunohistochemically Identifiable Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes.- II. Principles of Lymphatic Metastasis.- Cell Biology of Lymphatic Metastases: The Potential Role of c-erbB Oncogene Signalling.- The Lymph Node as a Bridgehead in the Metastatic Dissemination of Tumors.- Functional Anatomy of Lymphatic Vessels Under the Aspect of Tumor Invasion.- Molecular Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer.- III. Principles of Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Node Detection.- The Concept of the Sentinel Lymph Node.- Sentinel Node Localization by Lymphoscintigraphy: A Reliable Technique with Widespread Applications.- Vital Dye and Radiolabelled Colloids - Complement or Alternative.- IV. Sentinel Node Detection in Urogenital Cancer.- Application of the Sentinel Node Concept in Urogenital Cancer.- Intraoperative Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Node Identification: Gynecologic Applications.- V. Sentinel Node Detection in Malignant Melanoma.- Sentinel Node Detection in Malignant Melanoma.- Adjuvant Therapy of Malignant Melanoma and the Role of Sentinel Node Mapping.- VI. Sentinel Node Detection in Neck and Thyroid Cancer.- Selective Neck Dissection and Sentinel Node Biopsy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas.- Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection for Thyroid Malignancy.- Lymphoscintigraphy and Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.- VII. Sentinel Node Detection in Breast Cancer.- Present and Future of Sentinel Node Lymphadenectomy in Breast Cancer.- Specification of Potential Indications and Contraindications of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer.- Potential and Pitfalls of Sentinel Node Detection in Breast Cancer.- VIII. Sentinel Node Detection in Gastric Cancer.- Gastric Lymphography and Detection of Sentinel Nodes.- Potential and Futility of Sentinel Node Detection for Gastric Cancer.- IX. Sentinel Node Detection in Colorectal Cancer.- Probe Guided Surgery for Colorectal Cancer.- Identification of Lymph Node Metastases in Recurrent Colorectal Cancer.- Fluorescence as a Concept in Colorectal Lymph Node Diagnosis.

A significant increase in investor-State arbitration cases has been observed since the 2000s. The trust placed by investors and States in this method of dispute resolution stems from several strengths. In addition to its neutrality, one of the primary reasons for its widespread use is its adaptability, enabling it to address specific challenges that have emerged in recent decades. The following elements highlight this adaptability: the arbitration procedure can be customised to meet the specific needs of the disputing parties and stakeholders involved. It effectively responds to evolving cultural norms and ethical considerations, such as diversity, gender representation, corporate social responsibility, environmental issues, and human rights. Moreover, it can adapt to global health crises by facilitating online hearings. Finally, during times of international armed conflict, economic exchanges, trade, investment, and investor-State dispute settlement foster economic integration and interdependence, contributing to maintaining commercial peace and supporting international peace and security.However, investor-State arbitration has sparked vigorous debates, with many advocating for reform in three crucial aspects: transparency, legitimacy, and consistency. Multilateral negotiations are currently underway on various fronts, including the negotiation of more sustainable investment treaties, amendments to institutional arbitral rules, the design of a multilateral investment court, and the development of enhanced policy frameworks.This book delves into the history of investor-State dispute resolution to provide readers with an understanding of how its main features have evolved over time. It examines the most intensely debated procedural issues, analyses their multifaceted characteristics, reviews the complex relationship between investor-State arbitration and the European Union, and explores potential options for addressing stakeholder concerns.

Age into Race is a socio-anthropological essay on the repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the cultural status of the old. As the worldwide horrors of the Corona era have since been publicly repressed, the text is geared to revisit and relive the tenor of that time while considering its latent revolutionary aftermath. There was wide agreement that Covid-19 policies targeted older people as a risk group in need of protection, setting it apart from the rest of society. Yet, paradoxically, long-term facilities for older people effectively became Covid-19 death traps. What kind of abandonment propelled this apparent contradiction? This book provides an answer by looking at ageist practices regarding Covid-19 triaging, lockdowns and distancing that affected older people around the world, devising Covid-19 as an inevitable "problem of the elderly" and, by implication, instating and categorizing "the elderly" as a public problem to be bio-politically managed and wrought.The Covid-19 pandemic and its concomitant "state of emergency" triggered an accelerated transmutation of customary ageism into emergent racism, spelling a fatal switch to designating the old as bearers of "bare" life unworthy of human living, thus turning old age from a seemingly cultural category to a socially fabricated viral menace of nature. The book tracks down the process through which the "Coronization" of culture legitimized and impelled a further stigmatization of old age beyond mere ageism to sheer racism. Thus, this transmutation, while compromising their autonomy and subjectivity via imposed lockdowns, social isolation, excommunication and selective discrimination rendered the old a race apart. Subsequently, the moral panic invoked by the specter of the pandemic transformed the social perceptions of later life from a containable social problem to an unbridled public hazard that summoned total measures presented as bureaucratically regimented regulations that dehumanized its victims with impunity.

As per the reports of FAO, the human population will rise to 9 billion by the end of 2050 and 70% of more food must be produced over the next three decades to feed the additional population. The breeding approaches for crop improvement programs are dependent on the availability and accessibility of genetic variation, either spontaneous or induced by the mutagens. Plant breeders, agronomists, and geneticists are under constant pressure to expand food production by employing innovative breeding strategies to enhance yield, adaptability, nutrition, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In conventional breeding approaches, introgression of genes in crop varieties is laborious and time-consuming. Nowadays, new innovative plant breeding techniques such as molecular breeding and plant biotechnology, supplement the traditional breeding approaches to achieve the desired goals of enhanced food production. With the advent of recent molecular tools like genomics, transgenics, molecular marker-assisted back-crossing, TILLING, Eco-TILLING, gene editing, CRISPR CAS, non-targeted protein abundant comparative proteomics, genome wide association studies have made possible mapping of important QTLs, insertion of transgenes, reduction of linkage drags, and manipulation of genome. In general, conventional and modern plant breeding approaches would be strategically ideal for developing new elite crop varieties to meet the feeding requirement of the increasing world population.This book highlights the latest progress in the field of plant breeding, and their applicability in crop improvement. The basic concept of this 2-volume work is to assess the use of modern breeding strategies in supplementing the conventional breeding toward the development of elite crop varieties, for obtaining desired goals of food production.

From the perspective of institutionalism and theories of clusters, this book provides a concept of organized crime as an institutional cluster in contrast to the concept of multiple offences, associated with organized criminal groups or/and criminal organizations. The book offers shifts in the methodology of organized crime analysis and extrapolates the tools of cluster modelling - successfully approbated in the social and economic sciences as a method for the organization of spatially localized systems - to the criminological field. Such an approach gives a fresh view of organized crime essence and contributes to the deeper and more sophisticated understanding of organized crime modus operandi, as well as its influence on the social landscape.Organized crime in today's world is increasingly moving from rigidly structured entities to decentralization with unclear, blurred edges and a hybrid structure, which is dictated by the rationality of adapting to social change, including the emergence of new widespread demands for illegal goods and services, new ways to evade social control, the prevalence of poly-criminal activities, the involvement in general digitalization, and so on. Specifically, the study is focused on the evolution of organized crime models in Ukraine considering the socioeconomic, political, and ideological background. Organized crime in Ukraine has gone through numerous transitions, encompassing professionally or traditionally organized criminal groups (the so-called community of 'thieves in law'), functional racketeering groups, businessmen who accumulated their initial capital through the shadow economy, bureaucratically constructed groups from former official vertically powerful ruling circles, networks of personal or professional connections of the Soviet special services, oligarchic-clan pyramidal structures and amorphous delocalized cyber entities.This book also gives a broad picture of contemporary criminal clusters in Ukraine and an assessment of a full-scale war's impact. Russia's invasion on 24 February 2022 and massive hostilities provoked a turbulent situation for organized crime, resulting in the breaking of former criminal ties and the degradation of certain criminal and corrupt practices. At the same time, the war and the martial law regime created opportunities for organized crime in Ukraine to develop new illegal markets and relocate existing ones.

This book focuses on the socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on the welfare of the urban poor in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe. The authors look through the lenses of the urban health penalty, the right to the city, complexity theory, and distributive justice theory. These four theories help situate the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on the urban poor in the theoretical foundations that raise issues of how the poor are affected by disease/health pandemics, due to their living conditions. Uniquely, the authors use remote ethnography tools such as rich texts, video diaries and photo uploads to provide evidence-based stories of how COVID-19 mobility restrictions have affected poor urbanites in Harare.The book concludes that the COVID-19 pandemic mandatory lockdowns have deepened social and spatial inequality among the urban poor, threatening their right to the city. The socio-economic impacts can upsurge poverty, increase unemployment and the risks of hunger and food insecurity, reinforce existing inequalities, and break social harmony in the cities, even past the COVID-19 pandemic period. These socioeconomic impacts must be considered to make just cities for all, from a right-to-the-city perspective. The authors recommend that mandatory COVID-19 lockdowns should not only be treated as a law-and-order operation but as a medical intervention to stem the spread of the virus backed by measures to safeguard the livelihoods of the urban poor while also protecting the economy. This means governments should provide social safety nets to informal sector operators whose income-generating activities are affected the most during the time of emergencies like COVID-19. Planners and policymakers should re-envision pandemic-resilient cities that are just, equitable, resilient, and sustainable.

This textbook provides a thorough-yet-accessible introduction to function spaces, through the central concepts of integrability, weakly differentiability and fractionally differentiability. In an essentially self-contained treatment the reader is introduced to Lebesgue, Sobolev and BV-spaces, before being guided through various generalisations such as Bessel-potential spaces, fractional Sobolev spaces and Besov spaces. Written with the student in mind, the book gradually proceeds from elementary properties to more advanced topics such as lower dimensional trace embeddings, fine properties and approximate differentiability, incorporating recent approaches. Throughout, the authors provide careful motivation for the underlying concepts, which they illustrate with selected applications from partial differential equations, demonstrating the relevance and practical use of function spaces. Assuming only multivariable calculus and elementary functional analysis, as conveniently summarised in the opening chapters, A Course in Function Spaces is designed for lecture courses at the graduate level and will also be a valuable companion for young researchers in analysis.

1. Emphasizing the External.- Imagery for diagrams.- External representations in arithmetic problem solving.- Visualisation in mathematics and graphical mediators: an experience with 11-12 year old pupils.- Visual organisers for formal mathematics.- Mediating mathematical action.- Mathematical objects, representations, and imagery.- 2. Imagery in Support of Geometry.- Images and concepts in geometrical reasoning.- Between drawing and figure.- The functions of visualisation in learning geometry.- Geometrical pictures: kinds of representation and specific processings.- 3. Linking Screen and Mental Imagery.- Overcoming physicality and the external present: cybernetic manipulatives.- On visual and symbolic representations.- The dark side of the Moon.- Ruminations about dynamic imagery (and a strong plea for research).- On designing screen images to generate mental images.- Learning as embodied action.- 4. Employing Imagery.- The importance of mental perception when creating research pictures.- Random images on mental images.- Imagery as a tool to assist the teaching of algebra.- Mathematical screen metaphors.- Exploiting mental imaging: reflections of an artist on a mathematical excursion.

After developing fuzzy set theory, many contributors focused their research on the extension of fuzzy sets and their computational methodologies, strengthening modern science and technology. In some real-life phenomena, the conventional methods and traditional fuzzy sets cannot be explained, whereas the extension of fuzzy sets and effective new computing methods can explain it adequately.This edited book presents a new view of fuzzy set-measurement methods entitled "Fuzzy Optimization, Decision Making and Operations Research: Theory and Applications", which deals with different perspectives and areas of research. All chapters are divided into three parts: fuzzy optimization, fuzzy decision-making, and fuzzy operation research. The goal of this book is to provide a relevant methodological framework covering the core fields of fuzzy decision-making method, fuzzy optimization method, fuzzy graphics method, fuzzy operations research, fuzzy optimization using graph theory, fuzzy support systems and its real and industrial applications. For many people, fuzzy words' industrial engineering and scientific meanings are still an advanced system for improving modern science and technology. Although fuzzy logic can be applied to many different areas, people do not know how different fuzzy approaches can be applied to various products currently on the market. It is written for professionals who wish to share their expertise, improve their findings, and provide relevant information in the fields of fuzzy methods and their application in decision-making, optimization theory, graph theory and operations research. This book is aimed at experts and practitioners in the fields of fuzzy optimization, fuzzy decision-making, and fuzzy operation research.

Large-scale chemical fertilizer application causes irreparable damage to soil structure, mineral cycles, soil microbial flora, plants, and other food chains across ecosystems, culminating in heritable mutations in future generations of consumers. A better way forward is the use of nanofertilizers to focus on macro elements (N, P, K), as switching to nanofertilizers may result in large environmental benefits by replacing the majority of these nutrients. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of nanomaterials using bacteria, algae, yeast, fungus, actinomycetes, and plants has opened up a new avenue of research in the production of inorganic nanoparticles as ecologically friendly fertilizers. Nanofertilizers should also attain increased efficiency because of a several-fold increase in the surface-to-volume ratio of nano-forms of nutrients and their suitability for foliar application, where environmental losses are further reduced. Nanostructured fertilizers can also improve nutrient useefficiency through strategies such as targeted distribution and progressive or controlled-release as they can precisely release their active molecules in response to environmental cues and biological demands. Recent research shows nanofertilizers can increase agricultural productivity by speeding up seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic activity, nitrogen metabolism, and carbohydrate and protein synthesis. The potential agricultural benefits of nanofertilizers, their modes of action, and the fate of nanomaterials in soil are all discussed in this book. It also covers nanofertilizer formulation and delivery, applications, uptake, translocation, and their fate in plants, as well as their impact on plant physiology and metabolism. Nutrient nanoformulation is a valuable method that has the potential to alter the agricultural sector and provide solutions to current and future concerns for sustainable and climate-sensitive crops

This book encourages a critical dialogue between interdisciplinary fields that border heritage boundaries and seeks to contribute a wide range of scholarly perspectives and case studies (both national and international). The widespread use of the concept of soft power is sometimes grossly misused as a synonym for anything other than military force. While the concept is one of the most popular and influential in progressive foreign policy circles and is noted for being the ability of a country to convince others that its cause is the best, without having to resort to economic or military threats, the your ability to accurately describe the world we live in needs repair lenses. The power of example, the power of attraction through culture or, in other words, the ability of a country to attract others because of its culture and political values ​​in its foreign policy, that is, soft power, is something that emerges in partly because of government and partly in spite of governments. To have soft power, you need to be connected, and the interaction, management and dissemination of assets can be seen as exercises in soft power action. This book seeks to detail in examples how the concept of "soft power" encompasses and problematizes the multiplicity of themes on the contemporary international agenda, focusing on one of its least discussed elements: the universe of international cultural heritage and the relationship between actors and society, preservationist actions in the globalized world. While cultural heritage embodies different values ​​and can serve different economic, social and political objectives in development contexts, the past becomes a cultural currency when it becomes essential to the human experience.

This encyclopedia covers the definitions, concepts, methods, theories, and application of evidence-based pharmaceutical public health and health services research. It highlights why and how this field has a significant impact on healthcare. The work aims to synthesize baseline knowledge as well as the latest and cutting-edge research-based information. The encyclopedia collates information on public health, health services research, evidence-based pharmacy practice and its impacts on patients, decision-makers and consumers. This reference work discusses all aspects of policy and practice decisions on medicines use, access and pharmacy services by covering broad aspects related to pharmacy practice, public health and health services research. The aim is to develop high-quality content, which will be a must-read and be used as a reference source at all pharmacy and medical schools in the world. The health services research investigates the impact of social factors, organizational policies, financing systems, medical technologies and personal influence on access, quality and cost of healthcare concerning the quality of life of the patients. This reference work fundamentally promotes the evidence-based evaluation of healthcare services and thus will improve the better access and delivery of healthcare services. Also, pharmacy, medical and health services students and researchers need a broad understanding of pharmaceutical public health, evidence-based approaches to delivering care, changing professional and patient behavior and undertaking research in these areas. In general, there is a need to build research capacity and capability in the pharmacy profession.EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Professor Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar, University of HuddersfieldSECTION EDITORS: Filipa Alves da Costa, University of LisbonZubin Austin, University of TorontoDalia Dawood, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Andy Gray, University of Kwa Zulu-NatalRachele Hendricks-Sturrup, Duke Margolis Center for Health PolicyJason Hsu, Taiwan Medical UniversityRabia Hussain, Universiti Sains MalaysiaChristine Y. Lu, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care InstituteMohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, Qatar UniversityPrasad Nishtala, University of BathDerek Charles Stewart, College of Pharmacy, Qatar UniversityFatima Suleman, University of Kwa Zulu-NatalZaheer-Ud-Din Babar, University of Huddersfield

This textbook includes the latest knowledge and advances for a comprehensive range of disorders, including the management of benign and malignant sinonasal tumours. Rhinology is now a fully established and highly popular specialist field that has undergone a major paradigm shift over recent decades. This progressive change has been possible because of the synchronous developments in technology, radiology, therapeutics and pharmacology. These advances have changed clinical practice in every dimension, and this has led to a truly global exponential rise in specialist rhinological interest into the management of sinonasal disorders.Contemporary Rhinology: Science and Practice opens with the basic science of rhinology, with chapters that build an understanding of the nose and sinuses. Chapters cover embryology, anatomy, physiology, immunology, sleep disorders, and more. From there, clinical assessment of the nose and sinuses is discussed. The following sectionscover pediatric sinonasal disorders and inflammatory sinus disorders, such as pediatric rhinosinusitis, pediatric nasal deformity, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, and fungal sinus disease. Following these are several chapters discussing tumors and sinus and skull base surgery. The textbook closes with coverage of a variety of smaller topics, such as epistaxis, trauma to the nose and paranasal sinuses, and nasal obstructions. The textbook features outstanding illustrations, video clips, and key points to enhance understanding and recall.This textbook's balance of applied science and clinical practicality makes is an ideal resource for anyone from trainee surgeons to established specialists in rhinology.

This book integrates three decades of owl monkey research conducted since 1994 when the first and only book focused on the genus Aotus was published. Owl monkeys were one of the least understood primates then; knowledge from wild populations was only beginning to emerge and there had been some substantial research in colonies of captive individuals. The situation is very different today. Research on captive owl monkeys has continued to develop, with valuable contributions to the health and medical sciences. And there is now enough information on the behavior, ecology, conservation, and biogeography of the genus that merits a synthesis. The book synthesizes new field data on the biogeography, behavioral ecology, circadian biology, population biology and demography spanning their entire continental range from Panamá to Argentina. It includes theoretical perspectives drawn from evolutionary biology, biological anthropology, anatomy, morphology and physiology, genetics, endocrinology and conservation biology to examine a specic set of adaptations that have allowed owl monkeys to exploit the nocturnal niche while functioning in a pair-living sexually monogamous system with remarkable patterns of paternal care. The author, with 30 years of research experience with both captive and wild primates, has directed the longest project on any owl monkey species and has conducted extensive original research on their biology, adaptive radiation and behavioral ecology. His expertise and published record on both wild populations and laboratory colonies makes this book one of a kind; it presents information from both captive and wild primates and explores questions through the integration of both approaches. The volume offers some additional features that make it novel in its approach: (1) brings together a combination of senior researchers who during four decades have established captive owl monkeys as a system of study with a new generation of younger scientists who have, for the last 10-20 years, been spearheading their study in the wild, (2) presents the work of a remarkably diverse range of authors representing all countries where owl monkeys are present, as well as researchers from the U.S and Europe, and (3) offers "synthesis" chapters; in doing so, it will surely become a reference book for those specifically drawn to owl monkeys, as well as for those interested in the research topics that are covered.

In the ghetto, transit and concentration camp Theresienstadt, film recordings were made with the forced participation of the deportees and became known under the title "Theresienstadt - A Documentary from the Jewish Settlement Area". As a particularly perfidious part of National Socialist propaganda, these recordings continue to have an impact to the present day: Deniers of the National Socialist genocide still refer to this film today. In this anthology, the special position of Theresienstadt is examined on various levels. In addition to the analysis of eyewitness interviews, sociological, philosophical, and historiographical reflections on the circumstances, conditions, and peculiarities of Terezin are included.

Allgemeiner Teil.- Wege zur Menschenkenntnis.- Allgemeine Ursachenlehre.- Allgemeine Symptomatologie.- Spezieller Teil.- Organische Störungen.- Funktionelle Störungen.- Einzelsymptome.- Pädagogische Therapie.- Erklärung medizinischer Fachausdrücke.- Namenverzeichnis.

1 Einführung.- 1.1 Entwicklung und Stand der Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 1.2 Anleitung zum Anwenderhandbuch Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 2 Qualität und Qualitätsmanagement bei Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 2.1 Qualitätskriterien für Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 2.2. Qualitätsmanagement bei Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 2.3 Umsetzung des Qualitätsmanagements.- 3 Prozesse und Reinigungsleistung.- 3.1 Abwasserreinigung in Bewachsenen Bodenfiltern.- 3.2 Abbau organischer Stoffe.- 3.3 Stickstoffumsetzung.- 3.4 Phosphatretention.- 3.5 Abwasser-Hygienisierung.- 3.6 Kolmation.- 4 Bemessung von Pflanzenkläranlagen.- 4.1 Bemessung von Horizontalfiltern.- 4.2 Bemessung von Vertikalfiltern.- 1.3 Weitergehende Abwasserreinigung.- 4.4 Beispielbemessung einer Anlage bei Mindestanforderungen.- 5 Anlagenaufbau.- 5.1 Anlagenkonzeption.- 5.2 Vorklärung.- 5.3 Filteraufbau.- 5.4 Filtermaterial.- 5.5 Zulaufkonstruktion.- 5.5.1 Beschickungssystem (Vertikalfilter).- 5.5.2 Einlaufkulisse (Horizontalfilter).- 5.6 Auslaufkonstruktion.- 5.7 Abdichtung.- 5.8 Pflanzen.- 6 Umsetzungsprozess.- 6.1 Einflussfaktoren und Beteiligte.- 6.2 Entscheidungsphase.- 6.3 Grundlagenermittlung.- 6.4 Planung.- 6.5 Genehmigung.- 6.6 Vergabe und Bauausführung.- 6.7 Betrieb.- 7 Betriebserfahrungen.- 7.1 Winterbetrieb.- 7.2 Langzeitbetrieb/Lebensdauer.- 7.3 Geruchsentwicklung.- 8 Kosten.- 8.1 Investitionskosten.- 8.2 Betriebskosten.- 9 Akzeptanz und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit.- 9.1 Akzeptanz.- 9.2 Öffentlichkeitsarbeit.- 10 Referenzanlagen.- 10.1 Pflanzenkläranlage Belzig.- 10.2 Pflanzenkläranlage Beseland.- 10.3 Pflanzenkläranlage Hörbach.- 10.4 Pflanzenkläranlage Schurtannen.- 10.5 Pflanzenkläranlage Tailing.- 10.6 Pflanzenkläranlage Quarzbichl.- 10.7 Pflanzenkläranlage Ettenbüttel.- 10.8 Pflanzenkläranlage Wiedersberg.- Unterlagen zum Qualitätsmanagement.- Verfahrensanweisungen.- Arbeitsmittel.- 211.- 217.- 219.

This open access book's theme is Teaching mathematics as to be meaningful - foregrounding children's play and perspectives. It discusses the relation between teachers, children and mathematical content within the context of play with a particular focus on the framing of these relations within this context, which is an important theme in the debate on whether teaching should be integrated with or separated from children's play. The work further addresses meaningfulness in the learning process, particularly from the child's perspective. Globally, most guidelines and curricula for early childhood education mention play as one of the key features for young children's learning. Still, there are quite different views on the definitions of play and in what ways play should become part of children's learning. The chapters of the book mirror the research topics presented at the fifth POEM conference in May 2022 divided into four sub-themes: Play and learning, Children's perspectives on mathematics, Teachers' competencies and Theorizing aspects of early mathematics education.

This richly illustrated book presents different treatment protocols in preventive prosthodontics to help clinicians face a widening range of possibilities in partially edentulous patients. The introductory chapter explains the theoretical and technical background as well as clinical considerations for overdenture. Different attachment systems for overdentures are then described in detail covering stud attachments, bar attachments, magnetic and telescopic attachments. The final part of the volume focuses on the clinical evaluation parameters of an overdenture treatment, supporting tooth preparation and post treatment protocol. Throughout the book, much attention is devoted to preventive prosthodontics and the importance of any procedure that can delay or eliminate future prosthodontic problems. Two companion volumes covering treatment options after edentulism, including implant overdenture and implant supported fixed restorations, are available separately.