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Geometrie auf der Cayleyschen Fläche.

of Volume 3.- 1. Tree Languages.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Trees and terms.- 3. Algebraic preliminaries.- 4. Term rewriting systems.- 5. Finite tree recognizers.- 6. Regular tree grammars.- 7. Tree language operations and closure properties of Rec.- 8. Local tree languages.- 9. A Kleene theorem for tree languages.- 10. Regular tree systems.- 11. Algebraic characterizations of recognizability.- 12. Monadic second-order logic and regular tree languages.- 13. Families of special regular tree languages.- 14. The yield-function and context-free languages.- 15. Context-free tree grammars and pushdown tree recognizers.- 16. Tree transformations and tree transducers.- 17. Composition and decomposition of tree transformations.- 18. Tree transducers with regular look-ahead.- 19. Generalized syntax directed translations.- 20. Surface tree languages.- 21. The hierarchies of surface tree languages and transformational languages.- 22. Some further topics.- References.- 2. Tree-Adjoining Grammars.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Tree-adjoining grammars.- 2.1 Adjoining constraints.- 2.2 Derivation in TAG.- 2.3 Some properties of the string languages and tree sets.- 3. Lexicalized grammars.- 4. 'Lexicalization' of CFGs.- 4.1 Substitution and lexicalization of CFGs.- 4.2 Lexicalization of CFGs with TAGs.- 5. Closure of TAGs under lexicalization.- 6. Summary of lexicalization.- 7. Embedded push-down automaton (EPDA).- 7.1 Crossed dependencies.- 8. Linguistic relevance.- 9. Some variants of TAGs.- 9.1 Feature structure based TAGs.- 9.2 Synchronous TAGs.- 9.3 Probabilistic LTAGs.- 9.4 Using description trees in TAG.- 9.5 Muti-component TAGs (MCTAG).- 10. Parsing lexicalized tree-adjoining grammars (LTAG).- 10.1 Left to right parsing of TAGs.- 10.2 The algorithm.- 10.3 An example.- 10.4 Implementation.- 10.5 Complexity.- 10.6 The parser.- 10.7 Parsing substitution.- 10.8 The valid prefix property and parsing of tree-adjoining grammar.- 11 Summary.- References.- 3. Context-Free Graph Grammars.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Node and edge replacement.- 3. Hyperedge replacement grammars.- 3.1 Definitions and examples.- 3.2 Normal forms.- 3.3 Subclasses.- 4. Node replacement grammars.- 4.1 Definitions and examples.- 4.2 Subclasses and normal forms.- 4.3 Comparison of HR and NR.- 5. Monadic second order logic.- 6. Graph grammars generating strings and trees.- 7. Tree grammars generating graphs.- References.- 4. Two-Dimensional Languages.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Preliminaries.- 3. Regular expressions.- 4. Automata.- 4.1 Four-way automata.- 4.2 On-line tesselation automata.- 5. Grammars.- 6. Logic formulas.- 7. Tiling systems.- 7.1 Local two-dimensional languages.- 7.2 Tiling recognizable languages.- 7.3 Closure properties.- 7.4 Domino systems.- 7.5 Generalizations of local languages.- 8. Equivalence theorems.- 8.1 Tiling systems and automata.- 8.2 Tiling systems and logic formulas.- 8.3 Tiling systems and regular expressions.- 8.4 Comparing all families.- 9. Properties of recognizable languages.- 9.1 Necessary conditions for recognizability.- 9.2 Undecidability results.- 10. Recognizable functions.- 11. Beyond finite state recognizability.- References.- 5. Basics of Term Rewriting.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Terms.- 3. Church-Rosser properties.- 4. Orderings.- 5. Completion.- 6. Rewriting modulo a relation.- 7. Sundries.- References and further reading.- 6. ?-Languages.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Topology for languages and ?-languages.- 2.1 Cantor topology.- 2.2 Continuous mappings.- 2.3 Wadge's hierarchy.- 2.4 Joint topologies on X* ? X?.- 3. The Chomsky hierarchy of ?-languages.- 3.1 Acceptance of ?-languages by automata.- 3.2 Finite automata and regular ?-languages.- 3.3 Context-free ?-languages.- 3.4 ?-languages accepted by Turing machines.- 4. Languages and ?-languages.- 4.1 ?-Kleene closure.- 4.2 ?-power languages.- 4.3 ?-transducers, gsm-mappings, and ?-transductions.- 4.4 Limit-closure.- 5. Wagner's hierarchy.- 5.1 Wagner classes.- 5.2 gsm-reducibility.- References.- 7. Languag...

1 Evaluation of the approaches for the determination of conformational stability and related thermodynamic quantities.- 2 Comments on the tabulated data.- 3 Why to prefer complex thermodynamic functions.- References.- Table 1. Gibbs energy change-molarvalues.- Table 2. Enthalpy and heat capacity changes-molar values.- Table 3. Enthalpy and heat capacity changes-specific values.- References (Tables 1-3).- Index of Proteins.

Utopian thinking and utopian designs ostensibly represent a belief in human progress. The starting point of utopias is almost always a bad present that is to be overcome. But in the 20th and 21st centuries, doubts are growing about a plannable future designed by enlightened reason, about the project of modernity. Utopias are answered by dystopias. This makes it clear: the basic motif of utopian thinking is the fear of an uncontrollable future, a fear that could perhaps be overcome by the principle of hope (Ernst Bloch), an amiable illusion. The Content The "contradiction" of rationality and irrationality in utopian conceptions ● Fiction and reality ● Model and myth ● Symbol and symbolic action ● Enlightenment to autonomy. The target groups ● Humanities scholars, political scientists and social scientists ● Philosophers ● Theologians Theauthor Prof. Dr. Hans-Georg Soeffner is Professor Emeritus of General Sociology at the University of Konstanz, Senior Fellow and Board Member at the Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities Essen (KWI) and Permanent Visiting Fellow at the Forum internationale Wissenschaft of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.This book is a translation of an original German edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.

This extensively updated edition is a practical guide to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias that meets the needs of this highly specialized, complex and growing field of cardiology. As understanding of the evaluation of treatment of arrhythmias continues to advance at a rapid pace, learning and understanding the principles of electrophysiology in order to provide the best possible treatments for patients can be a daunting task.With a scientific, practical and multi-disciplinary approach, Cardiac Electrophysiology in Clinical Practice establishes the foundation of the subject and provides a concise illustrative approach to facilitate and enhance understanding. It is designed to be accessible to serve as an introduction to electrophysiology, but advanced enough to serve as a guide for experienced practitioners. Electrophysiology students of all levels, including residents, fellows, mid-level providers, nurses, technologists, primary care providers, cardiologists and electrophysiologists will find value in these pages.

This book discusses the latest developments in Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor drug development. It focuses on the translational and clinical development of the latest drugs, as well as the evidence for regulatory approval of PARP inhibitors in multiple different molecular subtypes and tumor indications. The most-up-to-date information on basic scientific research on DNA repair pathways and the DNA Damage Response (DDR) is also covered. Every chapter contains insight into the preclinical, translational along with clinical aspects of a specific DDR inhibitor with key and expert opinion points reinforcing the most important concepts detailed to enable the reader to develop a deep understanding of the topic.Targeting the DNA Damage Response for Cancer Therapy comprehensively reviews the application of PARP and other DDR inhibitors across oncology disciplines. Therefore, it is a valuable resource for all medical professionals and researchers who use or who are researching the use of these inhibitors on a day-to-day basis.

Jets. A Maple-Package for Formal Differential Geometry.- Computing Stratifications of Quotients of Finite Groups and an Application to Shape Memory Alloy.- A MuPAD Library for Differential Equation.- Algebraic Identification Algorithm and Application to Dynamical Systems.- Cooperation Between a Dynamic Geometry Environment and a Computer Algebra System for Geometric Discovery.- On the Stability of Steady Motions of a Solar-Sail Satellite.- Application of Computer Algebra for Investigation of a Group Properties of the Navier-Stokes Equations for Compressible Viscous Heat-Conducting Gas.- Mathematica and Nilpotent Lie Superalgebras.- Neighborhoods of an Ordinary Linear Differential Equation.- Invariants of Finite Groups and Involutive Division.- Symbolic Computation and Boundary Conditions for the Wave Equation.- Parametric Systems of Linear Congruences.- Bifurcation Analysis of Low Resonant Case of the Generalized Henon - Heiles System.- An Involutive Reduction Method to Find Invariant Solutions for Partial Differential Equations.- Recurrence Functions and Numerical Characteristics of Graphs.- A New Combinatorial Algorithm for Large Markov Chains.- GROOME - Tool Supported Graphical Object Oriented Modelling for Computer Algebra and Scientific Computing.- Construction of Janet Bases I.Monomial Bases.- Construction of Janet Bases II.Polynomial Bases.- Low-Dimensional Quasi-Filiform Lie Algebras with Great Length.- Algebraic Methods for Sectioning Parametric Surfaces.- The Methods of Computer Algebra and the Arnold-Moser Theorem.- Symbolic Algorithms of Algebraic Perturbation Theory: Hydrogen Atom in the Field of Distant Charge.- Perturbation versus Differentiation Indices.- Employment of the Gröbner Bases in Analysis of Systems Having Algebraic First Integrals.- "Coalgebra" Structures on 1-Homological Models for Commutative Differential Graded Algebras.- Conservative Finite Difference Schemes for Cosymmetric Systems.- A Mathematica Solver for Two-Point Singularly-Perturbed Boundary Value Problems.- A New Algorithm for Computing Cohomologies of Lie Superalgebras.- Parallel Computing with Mathematica.- Solution of Systems of Linear Diophantine Equations.- SYMOPT: Symbolic Parametric Mathematical Programming.- Representing Graph Properties by Polynomial Ideals.- Parametric G1-Blending of Several Surfaces.- A Method of Logic Deduction and Verification in KBS Using Positive Integers.- Progressive Long Waves on a Slope (A New Solution to the Euler Equation?).- The Method of Newton Polyhedra for Investigating Singular Positions of Some Mechanisms.- Algebraic Predicates for Empirical Data.- Fractional Driftless Fokker-Planck Equation with Power Law Diffusion Coefficients.- Factorization of Overdetermined Systems of Linear Partial Differential Equations with Finite-Dimensional Solution Space.- Semilinear Motion Planning Among Moving Objects in REDLOG.- Author Index.

This book systematically examines how the Chinese arbitration law system responds to the application of the public policy exception in the judicial review of international arbitral awards. The discussion is based on a general understanding of the legal concept of public policy in international arbitration practice and the understanding developed in Chinese arbitration law and judicial practice. In focusing on both international developments and Chinese arbitral and judicial practice, this book provides some lessons from and for China. The book is based on a review of both legislation and cases in China and a comparison with the international trends and consensuses, as well as a systematic assessment of China's performance in defining and applying public policy in the judicial review of international commercial arbitral awards. Valuable insights are provided on the basis of detailed analysis of the relevant cases. In this context, the author raised and examined a few key questions to be answered by the judicial practice, including: the international/national nature of public policy, the key elements of public policy, and the appropriate boundaries of judicial review. The author also highlighted a few unique legal concepts and approaches adopted in the Chinese context and evaluated its impacts on foreign parties and practitioners dealing with arbitration issues in China. It is proposed that, in the context of China's recent law reforms, further steps are expected to be taken by the Chinese legal system in order to achieve a more comprehensive view of the public policy exception that is consistent with the globalized trend of a converging understanding of public policy in international arbitration.

1. Introduction.- 2. Atomic Structure and Spectra.- 3. Transition Probabilities.- 4. Radiative Characteristics.- 5. Electron-Ion Collisions.- 6. Ion-Atom Collisions.- 7. Ion-Ion Collisions.- References.

This edited volume is the first in English that covers the philosophy of feeling and related topics in Japanese philosophy on Nishida Kitar¿ and fellow thinkers. Part I focuses on Nishida Kitar¿¿s philosophy of feeling, including, but not limited to, comparisons with Tanabe Hajime, Koyama Iwao, and provides coverage of Buddhist, moral and Chinese philosophy. Part II goes beyond Kitar¿ into topics such as Japanese aesthetics, Nietsche¿s reception in Japan, and the philosophy of AI. This is a comprehensive scholarly text on feeling in Japanese philosophy, aimed at researchers and students working in the field.

I.Institutionalisierung der Dermatologie.- 1. Der Weg zur Dermatologie.- 2. Die Gründung des Fachgebietes um 1900.- 3 Ausbau und Vollendung in den 20er Jahren.- 4 Der Niedergang der Dermatologie während des Nationalsozialismus.- 5 Der Wiederaufstieg der Dermatologie nach 1945.- II Die Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Fachbereiche.- 6 Schwerpunkte der externen und internen Therapie.- 7 Dermatohistopathologie.- 8 Allergie, Kontaktekzem und Berufsdermatosen.- 9 Operative Dermatologie, Kryotherapie und Phlebologie.- 10 Mykologie.- 11 Licht- und Röntgentherapie.- 12 Zur Geschichte der Geschlechtskrankheiten im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert.- 13 Therapie der Hauttuberkulose.- 14 Zitierte Literatur.- 15 Archivalien/Originalien.- 16 Anmerkungen.- III Anhang.

This book provides real-world examples of incorporating gamified learning into elementary school classrooms. Scaffolded by relevant research on gamification, literacy, and pedagogy support, this book focuses on how to seamlessly integrate and gamify literacy instruction in a fun, engaging, and unique way. Each chapter is tied to a specific genre, supported by national standards, and represented through developed lesson plans. The gamified activities and tasks provide a framework for meeting standards-based learning objectives. Chapters consist of: - genre specific adventure quests to guide students through lessons; - project-based activities focused on art, listening, speaking, and writing; - anchor texts and text sets centered on the chapter's theme; - material lists, resource materials, and graphic images to support understanding; - teaching tips and differentiation strategies to support novice and career teachers alike. This book is aimed at preservice teachers, university faculty, practicing teachers, instructional coaches, and administrative instructional leaders.

This book is a thorough and comprehensive guide to the use of modern data science within health care. Critical to this is the use of big data and its analytical potential to obtain clinical insight into issues that would otherwise have been missed and is central to the application of artificial intelligence. It therefore has numerous uses from diagnosis to treatment. Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Real-World Data is a critical resource for anyone interested in the use and application of data science within medicine, whether that be researchers in medical data science or clinicians looking for insight into the use of these techniques.

Optics.- In Search of the Earliest Known Lenses (Dating Back 4500 Years).- Study on Reproduction of Sound from Old Wax Phonograph Cylinders Using the Laser.- Dynamic Holographic Image Projection: The Key to Optical Interfacing.- A Novel Electronic-Speckle-Pattern-Interferometer (ESPI) for Dynamic-Holographic-Endoscopy.- The Endoscopic Application of the Deconvolution Filter Set Method.- A Coherent Optical Technique Useful in Biomechanics: Holographic Interferometry.- Relative and Absolute Coordinates Measurement by Phase-Stepping Laser Interferometry.- Reproduction of Sounds from an Old Russian Wax Phonograph Cylinder by Various Optical Methods.- Optical Reproduction of Sounds from Negative Phonograph Cylinders.- Applications of Video Holographie Interferometry in Textile Conservation.- Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging.- Non-Steady-State Photocurrents in Indium-Oxide Thin-Film Holographie Recorders.- Bending Loss in Mid-Infrared Waveguides and Fibers.- Twin-Image Elimination in Digital In-line Holography.- Examination of Jade Conditions by Laser Technology.- Laser and Optics in Art Conservation.- Application of UV-Lasers in Historical Glass Cleaning.- Humanoid Machine Vision Systems and Underwater Archeology.- Near-Ultraviolet Pulsed Laser Interaction with Contaminants and Pigments on Parchment: Spectroscopic Diagnostics for Laser Cleaning Safety.- A Preliminary Study into the Suitability of Femtosecond Lasers for the Removal of Adhesive from Canvas Paintings.- UV-laser Ablation of Polymerized Resin Layers and Possible Oxidation Processes in Oil-Based Painting Media.- Vibration Monitoring by TV-Holography - a Diagnostic Tool in the Conservation of Historical Murals.- Algorithms for Pigment Identification.- Investigations of Handwritten Manuscripts by Means of Optical Correlation Methods.- Optical Fibers for the Cultural Heritage II: The Monitoring of Lighting in Museum Environments.- Fast and Precise Determination of Painted Artwork Composition by Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy.- Application of Factor Analysis and Multivariate Curve Resolution Techniques for the Separation and Identification of Raman Spectra from Pigments on Artworks.- Automatic Acquisition and Evaluation of Optically Achieved Range Data of Medical and Archaeological Samples.- Surface Modification of Wood by Laser Irradiation.- Decoration of Glass by Surface and Sub-surface Laser Engraving.- Experimental Studies on Black Crusted Sandstone Cleaning by Various UV Wavelengths.- Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Pigments In Painted Artworks. A Database of Pigments and Spectra.- Optical Fibers for the Cultural Heritage I: Picture Varnishes as Thermosensitive Fiber Cladding.- Non-invasive Measurements of Damage of Frescoes Paintings and Icons by Laser Scanning Vibrometer: A Comparison of Different Exciters Used with Artificial Samples.- FTIR Imaging Spectroscopy for Organic Surface Analysis of Embedded Paint Cross-Sections.- Advanced Workstation for Controlled Laser Cleaning of Paintings.- Illumination System for the Theodosius' Plate.- Research and Development of Raman Spectroscopy with Optical Fibre. Application to Pigments Identification.- The Potential Uses of Lasers and Layer Manufacture in Conservation.- Identification of Pigments by Raman Microscopy: Relevance to the Authentication or Otherwise of Egyptian Papyri.- Progress in the Use of Excimer Lasers to Clean Easel Paintings.- Discrimination of Photomechanical Effects in the Laser Cleaning of Artworks by Means of Holographic Interferometry.- Cleaning of Ceramics Using Lasers of Different Wavelength.- Non-Destructive Analysis of Two Post-Byzantine Icons by Use of the Multi Spectral Imaging System (MU.S.I.S 2007).- Lasers in Medicine.- TMLR: Potential Mechanisms of Action and Design Parameters for Excimer-Based Clinical Systems.- Lasers in Modern Cataract-Surgery.- Correlation of Thermal and Mechanical Effects of the Holmium Laser for Various Clinical Applications.- Intra-operati...

I. Becker, R. Hauser: Introduction.- V. Steiner, T. Hölzle: The Development of Wages in Germany in the 1990s - Descriptions and Explanations.- H. Fabig: Labor Income Mobility - Germany, the USA and Great Britain Compared.- A. B. Atkinson: The Distribution of Personal Income: Complex Yet Over-Simplified.- R. Hauser, I. Becker: Changes in the Distribution of Pre-government and Post-government Income in Germany 1973 - 1993.- J. Merz: The Distribution of Income of Self-employed, Entrepreneurs and Professions as Revealed from Micro Income Tax Statistics in Germany.- S. Jenkins: Trends in the UK Income Distribution.- I. Eriksson, T. Pettersson: Income Distribution and Income Mobility - Recent Trends in Sweden.- J. Frick, F. Büchel, P. Krause: Public Transfers, Income Distribution, and Poverty in Germany and in the United States.- T. Smeeding: Changing Income Inequality in OECD Countries: Updated Results from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS).- J. Schwarze, J. R. Frick: Old Age Pension Systems and Income Distribution Among the Elderly: Germany and the United States Compared.

The book aims to serve as a theoretical framework for the socio-cognitive approach (SCA) that is an alternative to the two main lines of pragmatics research: linguistic-philosophical pragmatics and sociocultural-interactional pragmatics. SCA broadens the scope of the field with an intent to incorporate not only L1 communication but also intercultural communication, and communication in a second language. The author integrates the pragmatic view of cooperation and the cognitive view of egocentrism and emphasizes that both cooperation and egocentrism are manifested in all phases of communication, albeit to varying extents. SCA places equal importance on the social and cognitive individual factors in pragmatics. The author claims that while (social) cooperation is an intention-directed practice that is governed by relevance, (individual) egocentrism is an attention-oriented trait dominated by salience.The book serves as a theoretical guide for researchers and students who would like to understand how we need to change first language-based theories to make sense of what happens not only in L1 but also in intercultural and multi-lingual interactions.

The main focus of the book is solvability of cellular automata, that is, expressing the state of a given cell after a given number of steps by an explicit formula. The author considers solutions of two types of initial value problems for cellular automata, the deterministic one and the probabilistic one. In the first chapter the basic concepts of cellular automata theory are introduced. Deterministic initial value problem is introduced next and solutions for selected simple rules are also presented. In the following chapters various techniques for solving the deterministic problem are introduced, using elementary CA rules of increasing complexity as examples. The second part of the book introduces the concept of probability measure in the context of cellular automata and the probabilistic initial value problem for both deterministic and probabilistic rules. The book is amply illustrated with examples and applications such as the density classification problem, phase transitions in traffic models or the diffusion of innovations model. In the appendix, solution formulae (both deterministic and probabilistic) for over 60 elementary cellular automata rules are listed. Ruelle-Frobenius-Perron equations for all 88 minimal elementary cellular automata are also provided.

This book captures the hidden labour of migrant nightworkers in 24/7 London. It argues that late capitalism normalises nightwork, yet refuses to recognise the associated problems, from lack of decent working conditions to the seizure of the workers' private time for self-development, family and social life. The book shows how the articulation of nightworkers' subjectivities and socialities happens at the intersection between migration, precarity and nightwork, and traces how each of these dimensions magnifies the lived experience of the others. It further reveals that any possibilities for cooperation or solidarity in the workplace between migrant nightworkers become fragile and secondary to their survival of the nightshift. It also elucidates the mechanisms that hinder cohesion between vulnerable groups placed temporally and socially on a different par to the mainstream societies. As such, this book is an excellent resource for labour regulators, experts and student researchers in migration, work and gender.The book offers a deeply empathic and engaging portrayal of the production of disciplined and exploitable manual labor in permanent nightshift cities. It cogently unpacks the experiences of embodied precarity through the largely unseen micro-practices of workplaces that entrap migrant laborers. The nightnographic component adds an original dimension to the inquiry. Violetta Zentai, Central European University

This book provides a unique contribution to philosophy of science from the perspective of the practice of science. It focuses on processes that generate scientific knowledge and seeks general and universal features that characterize scientific practice; features that are inherent to the practice of science. Science is an activity, and the scientist is an agent who pursues some practice, which in one way or another engages evidence. In science, claims to knowledge are typically supported by argument that engages evidence at some point in explanation, in prediction, or indeed in any mode of presenting data and its interpretation. Thus, the practice of science includes at least three elements so that an argument can be formulated: presuppositions, modes of inference, and consequences that relate to evidence. The authors discuss in detail eight cases in chronological order with which they illustrate how commitment, methodology, and technique come into play in the practice of an individual physicist or a group of researchers in the physical sciences. Each case highlights aspects of the roles these categories play in scientific practice, where the goal is to generate and extend scientific knowledge.

Zur Theorie der homogenen Gleichverteilung modulo 1.

Experimente zur Ionenregulation der Larve von Ephydra cinerea Jones (Dipt.).

In a time without GPS and echosounder, European engineers and black labourers worked for decades to get a better understanding of the nautical intricacies of the Congo River. This is the first comprehensive story, in text and custom-made maps, of the, in flow, second largest river in the world. We follow the earliest explorers mapping the river, the expeditions to find an alternative access to the ocean and the first land and hydraulic surveys to improve navigation. The constant movement of shallows and islands keeps the guardians of the river constantly on their toes. Over the years, better technologies on all fronts improved safety, data collection and fairway maintenance. In conclusion, the author describes a proposal to develop a 21st container port that would rival any port facilities on the African west coast.

Zeitliche Schwankungen der Refraktionskonstante und Fernrohrbiegung.