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Higher Order Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for Flow and Transport in Porous Media.- Macroscopic Models of Fluids with Microstructure.- The Fictitious Boundary Method for the Implicit Treatment of Dirichlet Boundary Conditions with Applications to Incompressible Flow Simulations.- Numerical Simulation of Three Dimensional Free Surface Flows with Bubbles.- A Computational Comparison of Two FEM Solvers for Nonlinear Incompressible Flow.- Algebraic Multigrid for Industrial Semiconductor Device Simulation.- Simulation of Microwave and Semiconductor Laser Structures Including Absorbing Boundary Conditions.- Finite Element Methods for Coupled Problems in Ferrohydrodynamics.- Iterative Substructuring Methods for Advection - Diffusion Problems in Heterogeneous Media.- Efficient Preconditioning of Linear Systems Arising from the Discretization of Radiative Transfer Equation.- On Using Common Lisp for Scientific Computing.- The Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method for Singularly Perturbed Problems.- Black-Box Preconditioning for Mixed Formulation of Self-Adjoint Elliptic PDEs.- Author Index.

This unique book offers a comprehensive guide to the fascinating world of polystomatid flatworms. It introduces the reader to the individual life histories of polystomes and the chronological advances in our knowledge, with descriptions of species discovered over the past centuries. It equips newcomers to the field with basic protocols and techniques for collecting, processing and interpreting material. It also presents the history of research on this group of parasites, provides information on the discovery of each polystome and acknowledges the authors that have made major contributions. For the established researcher in the field, it offers a reference book containing taxonomic data, measurements and drawings of all known polystomes. The authors have brought together all the available material, creating a resource that will stimulate research and revive the global focus on this unique group of parasites. Thus, this work provides an essential reference for both established researchers and newcomers to the field.

The 3rd and updated edition of this book represents a new and unique scientific reference for the medical community on how to understand rationale and applications of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV). Its aim is to establish the indications of NIMV in critically ill patients in weaning from invasive MV. Nowadays, there is a growing evidence-based medicine that recommends use of NIMV in patients after extubation or in difficult weaning patients also affected by comorbidities. This book has been conceived with the vision or providing the best resources for everyone working in ICUs even if belonging to different specialties (intensive care, anesthesiology, pneumology, emergency medicine, etc.). Considering the enormous increase of literature on this topic, authors have selected major key topics related to NIMV, excluding those with low rate of interest, have updated previous topics and have introduced new items collecting them in a practical book analyzingmajor key topics for a correct practical applications. A new gaze has been devoted to emergency medicine and prehospital applications and technical developments (new ventilation modes: neurology adaptive modes, average support mode and to the development of synchronization and patient-ventilator interaction result). A section dedicated to sleep medicine - due to the new interesting studies on NIV-CPAP adaptation studies, clinical impacts of CPAP devices and ventilatory modes representing an essentials development for a new adequate analysis - is now included. A part devoted to clinical indications based on the observation of new clinical indications in anesthesiology and pneumology in NIV as complementary technique for procedures like bronchoscopy, pre-oxygenation and difficult endotracheal intubations is also now foreseen.

This book gathers a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the International Conference on Operations Research (OR 2022), which was held at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, on September 6-9, 2022. KIT's Institute for Operations Research (IOR) hosted the conference together with the Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), the Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), and the Institute for Material Handling and Logistics (IFL). The respective papers discuss classical mathematical optimization, statistics and simulation techniques. These are complemented by computer science methods, and by tools for processing data, designing and implementing information systems. The book also examines recent advances in information technology, which allow big data volumes to be processed and enable real-time predictive and prescriptive business analytics to drive decisions and actions. Lastly, it includes problems modeled and treated while taking into account uncertainty, risk management, behavioral issues, etc.

This second edition of Some Unusual Topics in Quantum Mechanics builds upon the topics covered in the first, with additional chapters that delve deeper into the mathematical foundations of the subject. New topics include Hilbert spaces and unbounded operators, minimum uncertainty states, path integrals in general coordinates, Fock spaces, second quantization, relativistic particle states, and quantum fields. Historical insights are also included, such as a pre-history of matrix mechanics and Pauli's proof of the H-atom spectrum using O(4) symmetry. Finally, readers are introduced to Bell's inequality and the non-locality in quantum mechanics that is revealed through its violation. These topics are rarely covered in introductory textbooks but are crucial to developing a student's interest and deeper understanding of quantum mechanics. This book serves as valuable supporting material for graduate-level core courses on the subject.

1 Einleitung.- 1.1 Teil I - Ausrichtung der Umweltkostenrechnung.- 1.2 Teil II - Realisierung und Nutzung des Reststoff-Controlling.- 1 - Ausrichtung der Umweltkostenrechnung.- 2 Anforderungen an die kostenrechnerische Unterstützung des Umweltmanagements.- 2.1 Anforderungen an die Kostenrechnung.- 2.1.1 Einordnung in das System Betrieb.- 2.1.2 Einordnung in die betriebliche Datenverarbeitung.- 2.1.3 Modellbildung, Kostentheorie und Kostenrechnung.- 2.1.4 Funktionale Anforderungen.- 2.1.4.1 Effektivität durch relevante Kosteninformation.- 2.1.4.2 Effektivität durch Empfängerorientierung.- 2.1.5 Strukturelle Anforderungen.- 2.1.6 Zusammenfassung der Anforderungen.- 2.2 Aufgaben des Umweltmanagements.- 2.2.1 Umweltschutz und Kuppelproduktion.- 2.2.1.1 Kuppelproduktion und die industrielle Gütererzeugung.- 2.2.1.2 Begriffliche Strukturierung von Inputs und Outputs.- 2.2.1.3 Begriflliche Strukturierung der Handhabung von Reststoffen.- 2.2.2 Umweltschutz und die betriebliche Leistungserstellung.- 2.2.2.1 Funktionen der Umwelt für die betriebliche Leistungserstellung.- 2.2.2.2 Umwelt als Produktionsfaktor.- 2.2.2.3 Präzisierung des Begriffes Umweltschutz.- 2.2.3 Umweltschutz und das Zielsystem.- 2.2.3.1 Das Zielsystem der Untemehmung.- 2.2.3.2 Typische Formalziele.- 2.2.3.3 Umweltziele sowie Sach- und Formalziele.- 2.2.3.4 Einordnung des Umweltschutzes in das Zielsystem.- 2.2.4 Aufgaben des Umweltmanagements.- 2.2.4.1 Aufgaben und Ausrichtung.- 2.2.4.2 Zentrale Ansatzpunkte.- 2.2.4.3 Einrichtung eines Umweltmanagementsystems.- 2.3 Anforderungen an Umweltinformationssysteme.- 2.3.1 Systematisierung von Umweltinformationssystemen.- 2.3.1.1 Gliederung nach Teilsystemen.- 2.3.1.2 Relevante Elemente der Teilsysteme.- 2.3.2 Funktionale Anforderungen.- 2.3.3 Strukturelle Anforderungen.- 2.3.3.1 Funktionsübergreifend einheitliche Begriffssystematik und Datenbasis.- 2.3.3.2 Übersetzung von physischen Daten in monetäre Daten.- 2.3.3.3 Durchgängige Stoffstromtransparenz.- 2.3.4 Zusammenfassung der Anforderungen.- 2.4 Anforderungen an die kostenrechnerische Unterstützung des Umweltmanagements.- 2.4.1 Funktionale Anforderungen.- 2.4.1.1 Interne Anforderungen.- 2.4.1.2 Extemer Informationsbedarf.- 2.4.2 Strukturelle Anforderungen.- 2.4.3 Zusammenfassung der Anforderungen.- 3 Definition des Kostenblocks 'Umwelt'.- 3.1 Bedeutung der Kostendefinition.- 3.2 Umweltschutzkosten auf der Basis intemalisierter Kosten.- 3.2.1 Definition der Umweltschutzkosten.- 3.2.2 Enthaltene Kostengruppen.- 3.2.3 Bewertung der Umweltschutzkosten.- 3.2.3.1 Motivation von Management und Mitarbeitem.- 3.2.3.2 Eindeutigkeit und Praktikabilitit.- 3.2.3.3 Vollständigkeit und Relevanz.- 3.2.3.4 Zusammenfassung der Bewertung.- 3.3 Umweltschutzkosten auf der Basis extemalisierter Kosten.- 3.3.1 Gliederung und Höhe extemalisierter Umweltschutzkosten.- 3.3.2 Bewertung unter dem Formalziel Gewinn.- 3.3.3 Bewertung unter dem Formalziel Umweltschutz.- 3.3.4 Einbeziehung extemalisierter Kosten durch Lenkungspreise.- 3.4 Reststofikosten als Kostenblock 'Umwelt'.- 3.4.1 Ableitung des konzeptionellen Ansatzes.- 3.4.2 Definition der Reststofikosten.- 3.4.2.1 Enthaltene Kostengruppen.- 3.4.2.2 Variabilität.- 3.4.3 Bewertung der Reststofikosten.- 3.4.3.1 Vollständigkeit und Relevanz.- 3.4.3.2 Eindeutigkeit und Praktikabilität.- 3.4.3.3 Motivation von Management und Mitarbeitern.- 3.4.3.4 Zusammenfassung der Bewertung.- 3.5 Abgrenzung zu verwandten Kostenblöcken.- 3.5.1 Kosten von Kuppelprodukten.- 3.5.2 Fehlleistungsaufwand und Qualitatskosten.- 2 - Realisierung und Nutzung des Reststoff-Controlling.- 4 Realislerung und Nutzung des Reststoff-Controlling.- 4.1 Anwendungsgebiete.- 4.2 Grundsätzliche Festlegungen.- 4.3 Reststoff-Mengenrecbnung.- 4.3.1 Datenmodell der Mengenrecbnung.- 4.3.1.1 Mengenstelle.- 4.3.1.2 Material.- 4.3.1.3 Bewegung.- 4.3.1.4 Stoffstrom.- 4.3.1.5 Beschränkung aufrelevante Mengenstellen und Bewegungen.- 4.3.1.6 Konsequenzen für Stückliste und R

What actually is a p-value for? And what is a significant result? This book answers such questions by providing a compact introduction to inferential statistics. Our major focus is on the logic of inferential statistics and hypothesis testing: We cover the logic behind statistical tests, we then walk through the most common procedures (t-test, analysis of variance with and without repeated measures, correlation/regression) and discuss pitfalls of data analysis. The book thus helps developing a solid understanding of how common test procedures work, and how to interpret their results correctly. Hands-on examples from everyday research - including exemplary calculations with the programs SPSS and R - supplement each chapter. In addition to classical methods, we briefly discuss recent developments in psychological research methods.This book is a translation of the original German 3rd edition of "Inferenzstatistik Verstehen" by Markus Janczyk and Roland Pfister. It is based on an AI-powered machine translation (by the service DeepL.com), with thorough follow-up editing by both authors.

The book addresses comprehensively the normal and pathological MRI appearance of the structures of the anterior compartment of the knee, potential sources of pain, in a systematic way, on anatomical layers, from superficial to deep, respectively, from prepatellar soft tissues to intra-articular structures (the synovial lining, patellar and trochlear cartilage). Anterior knee pain can affect any age group and causes a non-specific clinical picture, making it difficult to establish a precise diagnosis and proper management. MRI is currently the standard gold investigation and findings of common an uncommon causes of anterior knee pain are presented.Written by a radiologist and an orthopaedic surgeon with longstanding experience in MRI of musculoskeletal pathology and in sports traumatology, respectively, the book also presents a unique selection of 80 clinical cases of common and less common pathological conditions of anterior knee pain and subdivided in four groups, according to age, from children and adolescents to older adults.Radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons, as well as sport medicine specialists and physiatrists, will find in this book an invaluable tool for their clinical practice.

Literaturübersicht.- 1. Kapitel. Die Methodenlehre Savignys.- 2. Kapitel. Die "Begriffsjurisprudenz" des 19. Jahrhunderts.- 3. Kapitel. Rechtstheorie und Methodenlehre unter dem Einfluß des positivistischen Wissenschaftsbegriffs.- 4. Kapitel. Die Abwendung vom Positivismus in der Rechtsphilosophie der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts.- 5. Kapitel. Methodische Bestrebungen der Gegenwart.- 1. Kapitel. Rechtstheoretische Grundlegung.- 2. Kapitel. Die Anwendung der Rechtssätze auf einen Sachverhalt.- 3. Kapitel. Die Auslegung der Gesetze.- 4. Kapitel. Die (offene) Fortbildung des Rechts durch Rechtswissenschaft und Rechtsprechung.- 5. Kapitel. Die Begriffsbildung und das System der Rechtswissenschaft.- Namenverzeichnis.

I Standortbestimmung der Kostenrechnung.- Kostenrechnung am Scheideweg?.- Kostenrechnung und Kostenpolitik.- Kostenrechnung und Verhaltenssteuerung.- Shareholder-Value - Eine geeignete Größe für die Beurteilung von Managern?.- II Instrumentelle Neuentwicklungen der Kostenrechnung.- Neuentwicklungen der Kostenrechnung - eine Antwort auf geänderte Fragestellungen.- Einheitskalkulation, Einflußgrößenrechnung und Prozeßkostenrechnung.- Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Grenzen der Prozeßkostenrechnung.- Fixkostenmanagement bei wechselnden Marktverhältnissen.- Target Costing und Product Life Cycle Costing als Instrumente des Kostenmanagements.- Spezialfragen des Target Costing und des Kostenmanagements.- Target Costing in der Automobilindustrie - Ein Anwendungsbeispiel des Zielkostenmanagements.- Target Costing und Verhaltenssteuerung.- Systemgestützte Kostenschätzung.- Cost Benchmarking als Instrument des strategischen Kostenmanagement.- DV-orientierte Umsetzung von Kostenrechnungssystemen auf der Basis von Datenbankmodellen.- Kostenmanagement in Planspielen.- III Neue Anwendungsgebiete und -felder.- Gemeinkosten- und Ressourcenmanagement im administrativen Bereich.- Controlling von Recyclingprozessen.- Kostenrechnung in Handelsbetrieben.- Kostenrechnung in Bankbetrieben.- Kostenrechnung in Versicherungsunternehmen.- Kostenrechnung und Kostenmanagement im Krankenhaus.

This volume presents advanced bio/medical sciences with a particular value for translating research achievements into daily medical practice in the framework of Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (3PM/PPPM). First two decades of the 21st century are characterised by epidemics of non-communicable diseases such as many hundreds of millions of patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases and the type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast, lung, liver and prostate malignancies, neurological, sleep, mood and eye disorders, amongst others. Consequent socio-economic burden is tremendous. Unprecedented decrease in age of maladaptive individuals has been reported. The absolute majority of expanding non-communicable disorders carry a chronic character, over a couple of years progressing from reversible suboptimal health conditions to irreversible severe pathologies and cascading collateral complications. The paradigm change from reactive to predictive preventive and personalised medicine is essential to promote population health by application of individualised patient profiling, multi-parametric analysis leading to cost-effective targeted prevention. To this end, inadequate data for risk assessment on speed and urgency of COVID-19, combined with increased globalization of human society, led to the rapid spread of COVID-19. Despite an abundance of digital methods that could be used in slowing or stopping this virus and future pandemics, the world remains unprepared, and lessons have not been learned from previous cases of pandemics. The book presents PPPM strategies which might be of great clinical utility for future pandemics.In a long-term way, a significantly improved healthcare economy is one of the clear benefits of the proposed paradigm shift; a tight collaboration between all stakeholders including scientific community, healthcare providers, patient organisations, policy-makers and educators is analysed for the smooth implementation of the 3PM concepts. Further issues linked to big data management and medical ethics have to be carefully treated in the context of application of artificial intelligence in medicine.

This open access book offers a framework for understanding how the Holocaust has shaped and continues to shape medical ethics, health policy, and questions related to human rights around the world. The field of bioethics continues to face questions of social and medical controversy that have their roots in the lessons of the Holocaust, such as debates over beginning-of-life and medical genetics, end-of-life matters such as medical aid in dying, the development of ethical codes and regulations to guide human subject research, and human rights abuses in vulnerable populations. As the only example of medically sanctioned genocide in history, and one that used medicine and science to fundamentally undermine human dignity and the moral foundation of society, the Holocaust provides an invaluable framework for exploring current issues in bioethics and society today. This book, therefore, is of great value to all current and future ethicists, medical practitioners and policymakers - as well as laypeople.

This new multithematic book in the series Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery offers an update on several basic and clinical problems in neurosurgery. The main topics are cerebral tumors, epilepsy and vascular malformations. The first chapter will deal with the burden of childhood cancer across the globe, a particular relevant problem in times where economic restrictions and the increased difficulties to access cure are the direct impact of the Covid19 pandemic. A very detailed chapter will provide new guidelines for neuroimaging investigations for intracerebral pathological conditions of surgical interest in the pediatric population. The technical aspects and technological advances in the surgical management of cerebral midline tumors will be covered by several chapters focusing of the optic pathways' tumors, third ventricle tumors, mesencephalon and pineal body tumors. An update on Chiari malformations and syringomyelia, on the surgical management of epilepsyand on cerebral aneurysms and pediatric spinal vascular malformations will be provided in the remaining contributions. All chapters contribute to an important advancement in the relevant fields, thus offering a valuable contribution to the management of difficult clinical conditions.

1 Berlin and the Stratosphere.- 1.1 The first meteorological observations.- 1.2 The exploration of the free atmosphere.- 1.2.1 Manned balloon flights.- 1.2.2 Unmanned instrumented balloons.- 1.3 The discovery of the stratosphere.- 1.4 The Royal Prussian Aeronautical Observatory at Lindenberg.- 1.4.1 The discovery of the Berson westerlies above the equator.- 1.5 The Institute of Meteorology at the Freie Universität Berlin.- 1.5.1 The discovery of the Berlin Phenomenon.- 1.5.2 The first climatology of the stratosphere on the Northern Hemisphere.- 1.5.3 The first daily weather maps of the stratosphere.- 1.5.4 The discovery of the solar signal in the stratosphere.- Literature.- 2 A Brief Description of the Stratospheric Climate.- 2.1 What kind of data is available today?.- 2.2 Mean conditions in the stratosphere.- 2.2.1 The global temperatures.- 2.2.2 The global winds.- 2.2.3 The global circulation in the stratosphere.- 2.2.4 Monthly mean maps of the Northern Hemisphere.- 2.2.5 Monthly mean maps of the Southern Hemisphere.- 2.3 Variability and trends.- 2.3.1 Interannual variability of temperature.- 2.3.2 Temperature trends in the stratosphere.- Literature.- 3 Warm and Cold Winters in the Stratosphere.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Synoptic description of a major midwinter warming.- 3.2.1 Classification of the stratospheric warmings.- 3.2.2 The Major Midwinter Warming in the winter of 1990-1991.- 3.2.3 The typical development of a stratospheric warming.- 3.3 Associations.- 3.3.1 The Southern Oscillation (SO).- 3.3.2 The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO).- 3.3.3 The solar signal in the northern winter.- 3.3.4 Volcanoes and cold winters in the stratosphere..- 3.4 A comparison between the Arctic and Antarctic.- 3.5 Model experiments.- Literature.- 4 The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO).- 4.1 Early observations.- 4.2 The discovery of the QBO in the equatorial stratosphere..- 4.3 Our present concept of the QBO.- 4.4 The connection between the QBO and high northern latitudes.- Literature.- 5 The Ozone Layer.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Early observations.- 5.2.1 Dobson's early network of observations.- 5.2.2 The amount of ozone above Tromsö.- 5.3 The natural distribution of total ozone.- 5.4 Loss of stratospheric ozone caused by man.- 5.4.1 Catalytic destruction of ozone.- 5.4.2 The antarctic ozone hole.- 5.4.3 Trends in the ozone content of the atmosphere.- 5.4.4 Measures adopted to reduce chlorine.- Literature.- 6 The 11-Year Sunspot Cycle and the Stratosphere.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The solar signal in the stratosphere during the year.- 6.2.1 The Northern Hemisphere.- 6.2.2 The Southern Hemisphere.- 6.2.3 Global correlations.- 6.3 Is there a connection to the tropical troposphere?.- 6.4 Total ozone and the 11-year sunspot cycle.- 6.5 In search of a physical-dynamical mechanism.- Literature.- 7 Final Remarks.- 7.1 A summary.- 7.2 Is the stratosphere relevant to our climate?.- 7.3 The unexpected.- Table of Boxes.

A. Allgemeine Einführung.- B. Spezieller Teil.

This book collects the lecture notes of the Summer School on Convex Geometry, held in Cetraro, Italy, from August 30th to September 3rd, 2021.Convex geometry is a very active area in mathematics with a solid tradition and a promising future. Its main objects of study are convex bodies, that is, compact and convex subsets of n-dimensional Euclidean space. The so-called Brunn--Minkowski theory currently represents the central part of convex geometry.The Summer School provided an introduction to various aspects of convex geometry: The theory of valuations, including its recent developments concerning valuations on function spaces; geometric and analytic inequalities, including those which come from the Lp Brunn--Minkowski theory; geometric and analytic notions of duality, along with their interplay with mass transportation and concentration phenomena; symmetrizations, which provide one of the main tools to many variational problems (not only in convex geometry). Each of these parts is represented by one of the courses given during the Summer School and corresponds to one of the chapters of the present volume. The initial chapter contains some basic notions in convex geometry, which form a common background for the subsequent chapters.The material of this book is essentially self-contained and, like the Summer School, is addressed to PhD and post-doctoral students and to all researchers approaching convex geometry for the first time.

Zur Frage der Stabilisierung frei brennender Lichtbögen.

This textbook provides the basic concepts of epidemiology while preparing readers with the skills of applying statistical tools in real-life situations. Students, in general, struggle with statistical theories and their practical applications. This book makes statistical concepts easy to understand by focusing on real-life examples, case studies, and exercises. It also provides step-by-step guides for data analysis and interpretation using standard statistical software such as SPSS, SAS, R, Python, and GIS as appropriate, illustrating the concepts.Through the book's 23 chapters, readers primarily learn how to apply statistical methods in epidemiological studies and problem-solving. Among the topics covered: Clinical TrialsEpidemic Investigation and ControlGeospatial Applications in EpidemiologySurvival Analysis and Applications Using SAS and SPSSSystematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Evidence-based Decision-Making in Public HealthMissing Data Imputation: A Practical Guide Artificial Intelligence and Machine LearningMultivariate Linear Regression and Logistics Regression Analysis Using SASEach chapter is written by eminent scientists and experts worldwide, including contributors from institutions in the United States, Canada, Bangladesh, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and the Middle East. Statistical Approaches for Epidemiology: From Concept to Application is an all-in-one book that serves as an essential text for graduate students, faculty, instructors, and researchers in public health and other branches of health sciences, as well as a useful resource for health researchers in industry, public health and health department professionals, health practitioners, and health research organizations and non-governmental organizations. The book also will be helpful for graduate students and faculty in related disciplines such as data science, nursing, social work, environmental health, occupational health, computer science, statistics, and biology.

Die Weizsäcker-Williams-Methode für Teilchen mit ausgedehnter Ladung.

In the wake of the decolonization movement in South Africa and around the world, this edited work presents fresh evidence and advances new arguments on the politics and economics of colonial biomedical knowledge in South Africa and other parts of the African continent. Covering a richly diverse set of fields---including human genetics, obstetrics, occupational therapy, medical photography and the vaccine sciences---the book demonstrates the troubled histories and the enduring effects of imperial knowledge decades since the end of colonial rule and apartheid. This is a valuable text on the politics of the biomedical sciences written from the perspective of the African continent, and at the same time it revisits knowledge/power relationships between the majority ("global South") and minority ("global north") words in a historical perspective and in their contemporary expression in the disciplines. The immediate benefit is a reference resource for medical science researchers, and a teaching text for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students. The book is further composed as an accessible, readable and interesting text on politics and medicine in Africa for the discerning lay reader.

This book on the anatomy of central nervous system arteries concentrates on all anatomical variations of the central nervous system and it describes the embryological processes that hide behind the possible adult variants.The first section of the work is a reminder of general concepts of embryology. After that, each section corresponds to arteries of an anatomical location: intradural, dural, skull base and cranio-cervical junction. Each chapter is dedicated to a single artery to facilitate the reader's search for information. In addition, modern and detailed illustrations of the embryological steps and adult variants are included. There are two types of illustrations: artist's drawing, usually to explain the vascular embryology, and angiographic images. The central point of the book lies in the space devoted to the embryological development of each artery and the processes that can lead to the development of different variants in the adult. The audience of this book is aimed at neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists, specialists in the neurovascular area, but it will also help residents in neurosurgery, neuroradiology and neurology in their daily practice.

This book gives a current overview on the development, origin, structure, and functions of germline and somatic cell syncytia during embryogenesis and organogenesis. It also reviews pathogen-induced syncytia and the role of syncytial cells in cancer development.The book covers the following topics: germline syncytia, evolution, function and structure; syncytia in embryogenesis and development; the role of somatic cell fusion in fungi, specialized somatic tissues, host defense and adaptation; syncytia induced by viruses and parasites;syncytia and circulating hybrid cells in cancer and other pathological conditions; It also discusses how the genomic adaptations of microorganisms to extreme habitats can prompt the evolution of mononuclear and multinucleate/syncytial cells. The book offers a fresh outlook on syncytia's role in various processes: embryogenesis, organogenesis, adaptation, host defense, and development of specialized tissues. It highlights the importance of syncytia under physiological and pathological conditions.

I Mathematical preliminaries and some general principles.- II Initial-value problems in ordinary differential equations.- III Boundary-value problems in ordinary differential equations.- IV Initial- and initial-/boundary-value problems in partial differential equations.- V Boundary-value problems in partial differential equations.- VI Integral and functional equations.- Table III. Finite-difference expressions for ordinary differential equations.- Table IV. Euler expressions for functions of one independent variable.- Table V. Euler expressions for functions of two independent variables.- Table VII. Catalogue of examples treated.- Author index.

Einführung in die Problematik: Allgemeines; Vorkommen; Mechanik; Diagnostik; Zusammenfassung für Betroffene und Nicht-Ärzte.- Verfahren der funktionellen Bildgebung: Allgemeines; Meßverfahren; Zusammenfassung für Betroffene und Nicht-Ärzte.- Verfahren der Bildauswertung: Einführung; Visuelle Auswertung; Quantitative Auswertung; Anforderungen an moderne Bildanalyse; Zusammenfassung für Betroffene und Nicht-Ärzte.- Aktueller Stand der Forschung (Literatur): Milde traumatische Hirnverletzungen; HWS-Schleudertrauma; Differentialdiagnostische Liste; Schwierigkeitenin der gutacahterlichen Praxis; Zusammenfassung für Betroffene und Nicht-Ärzte.- Erhöht das HWS-Schleudertrauma das Alzheimer-Risiko?: Einführung; Beziehung zwischen einem schweren Schädel-Hirn-Trauma und der Alzheimerschen Erkrankung; Beziehung zwischen einem HWS-Schleudertrauma und der Alzheimerschen Erkrankung; Zusammenfassung für Betroffene und Nicht-Ärzte.

This monograph provides some useful tools for performing global geometric analysis on real analytic manifolds. At the core of the methodology of the book is a variety of descriptions for the topologies for the space of real analytic sections of a real analytic vector bundle and for the space of real analytic mappings between real analytic manifolds. Among the various descriptions for these topologies is a development of geometric seminorms for the space of real analytic sections. To illustrate the techniques in the book, a number of fundamental constructions in differential geometry are shown to induce continuous mappings on spaces of real analytic sections and mappings.Aimed at researchers at the level of Doctoral students and above, the book introduces the reader to the challenges and opportunities of real analytic analysis and geometry.

This textbook presents the full spectrum of musculoskeletal disorders, covering their definitions, epidemiology, physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment. Ranging from fractures, through infections and tumors, to dystrophies, the authors provide an up-to-date overview of the methodologies used in the diagnosis and management of common orthopedic conditions.The content is divided into several sections: disorders are grouped by typology in the opening section, and subsequently grouped anatomically, offering readers a quick and convenient reference guide to fundamental concepts in everyday orthopedic care.Written by an international panel of experts, it offers a valuable asset for students and residents approaching the study of orthopedics, pediatric orthopedics, sports medicine, rheumatology and rehabilitation. It further can be of interest also for practicing orthopedic surgeons, as well as nurses, physical therapists and athletictrainers.

Financial risk management for institutional investors has recently grown in scope to include long-term sustainability considerations and climate change risk concerns. This book shows how a national central bank in the Eurosystem has adapted its financial risk management principles and practices against the background of non-conventional monetary policy measures and following the introduction of sustainability criteria, with a special role for carbon-neutrality. The topics covered include a market-based approach to evaluating credit risk, the development of an independent credit rating system, and the properties and limitations of agencies' sovereign ratings. Furthermore, the book analyzes the integration of sustainability principles into strategic asset allocation and describes the use of machine learning techniques for discerning the role of the E, S and G variables in equity returns. The authors also discuss the growth of the global green bond market and the greenium, as well as the sustainability indicators for large portfolios of corporate and government securities. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all professionals working in the field who would like to know the state-of-the-art in these areas.

This book explores the growing demand for accessible tourism experiences and demonstrates how the perspective of digital ecosystems can play a vital role in creating more inclusive destinations. Through a combination of conceptual arguments and real-world case studies, the book sheds light on the practical aspects of accessible tourism. Statistics reveal that over one billion people have severe or moderate disabilities, emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced accessibility in tourism. However, both industry practices and academic research in this field are still lagging behind. The book highlights the challenge of establishing coordination among various stakeholders, including transport operators, hospitality firms, and public authorities, which has hindered the design and implementation of inclusive tourism experiences. By harnessing the power of new technologies, the book illustrates how digital ecosystems can effectively facilitate accessible tourism. It examines the demand for such experiences and demonstrates how embracing a digital ecosystem perspective can contribute to the development of more accessible tourism destinations. In addition to its theoretical insights, the book delves into several practical case studies that showcase successful examples of accessible tourism.

Here is the tale of Canada's intriguing development of the science of Radio Astronomy. In 1946 the lone figure of Arthur Covington started monitoring the radio emission of the Sun, a programme that continues to this day. By the 1960s Canada had progressed to constructing two radio observatories at either ends of the country (the DRAO and the ARO), and universities were coming onboard. The story continues through the dire times for these and follows their fortunes and fates right up to the present, with Canada now playing key roles in billion-dollar international telescope projects. It concludes with the construction and operation of Canada's own transformational telescope, CHIME. Anecdotes and images throughout the book liven the story.The authors--two practising astronomers--have painstakingly put together this fascinating story, drawing on first-hand experiences, valuable contributions from many colleagues, and the research of science historian, Richard Jarrell (1942-2013).This book fills a gap in the substantial literature on the history of radio astronomy. Carefully-researched by three experts and based on input by further experts in the field, it documents the extensive scientific and (especially) technical innovations of Canadian scientists and engineers. This includes the important Canadian absolute flux-density calibrations, the critical Canadian contribution to low-frequency radio astronomy and VLBI, and the long-running solar monitoring programme. Frank discussions about the excellent 46-m ARO telescope and its fate lead into considerations of Canada's contributions to recent international projects - the JCMT, ALMA and the upcoming SKA. The book concludes with a description of CHIME, Canada's own new-generation radio installation.Ken Kellermann, Senior Scientist Emeritus, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, USA

I Physical Chemistry.- Wigner on Physical Chemistry.- On Electrical Phenomena in Sols with Rod-Shaped Particles / Über elektrische Erscheinungen bei Stäbchensolen.- The Lattice Structure of Rhombic Sulfur / Die Gitterstruktur des rhombischen Schwefels.- Formation and Decay of Molecules / Bildung und Zerfall von Molekülen.- On the Interference of Eigenvibrations as a Cause of Energy Fluctuations and Chemical Reactions / Über die Interferenz von Eigenschwingungen als Ursache von Energieschwankungen und chemischer Umsetzungen.- The Statistics of Composite Systems According to the New Quantum Mechanics / Statistik zusammengesetzter Systeme nach der neueren Quanten-Mechanik.- On the Rate Constants of Exchange Reactions / Über die Geschwindigkeitskonstante von Austauschreaktionen.- On Crossing Over Potential Barriers in Chemical Reactions / Über das Überschreiten von Potentialschwellen bei chemischen Reaktionen.- On the Quantum Correction for Thermodynamic Equilibrium.- Contributions to the Theory of the Neutron / Beiträge zur Theorie des Neutrons.- On the Paramagnetic Transition of Para-Ortho-Hydrogen. III / Über die paramagnetische Umwandlung von Para-Orthowasserstoff. III.- On a Modification of the Rayleigh-Schrödinger Perturbation Theory.- Calculation of the Rate of Elementary Reactions of Light and Heavy Hydrogen.- On the Rate of Chemical Reactions.- Calculation of the Rate of Elementary Association Reactions.- The Transition State Method.- Some Quantum-Mechanical Considerations in the Theory of Reactions Involving an Activation Energy.- Some Remarks on the Theory of Reaction Rates.- On the Calculation of the Distribution function.- Electromagnetic Field Expansions in Loss-Free Cavities Excited Through Holes.- The Problem of Multiple Scattering.- Derivations of Onsager's Reciprocal Relations.- Lower Limit for the Energy Derivative of the Scattering Phase Shift.- Review of Collision Theory.- Quantum-Mechanical Distribution Functions Revisited.- Quantum-Mechanical Distribution Functions: Conditions for Uniqueness.- Some Properties of a Non-negative Quantum-Mechanical Distribution function.- Distribution Functions in Physics: Fundamentals.- Manifestations of Bose and Fermi Statistics on the Quantum Distribution Function for Systems of Spin-0 and Spin-1/2 Particles.- Covariant Phase-Space Representation for Harmonic Oscillators.- The General Properties of the Distribution Function and Remarks on its Weakness.- Covariant Phase-Space Representation and Overlapping Distribution Functions.- II Solid State Physiscs.- Wigner on Solid State Physics.- On the Constitution of Metallic Sodium.- On the Constitution of Metallic Sodium. II.- On the Interaction of Electrons in Metals.- Theory of the Work Functions of Monovalent Metals.- On the Possibility of a Metallic Modification of Hydrogen.- On the Structure of Solid Bodies.- Theory of the Brillouin Zones and Symmetry Properties of Wave Functions in Crystals.- On the Constant A in Richardson's Equation.- Effects of the Electron Interaction on the Energy Levels of Electrons in Metals.- Qualitative Theory of the Cohesion in Metals.- Bibliography of Papers on Solid State Physics.- Papers Reprinted in Volume IV.- Papers Related But Reprinted in Other Volumes of The Collected Works.- Papers Related But Not Reprinted in The Collected Works.