Bøker utgitt av Springer

I. Voraussetzungen.- II. Planung eines Hüttenwerks.- III. Kostenvoranschlag.- IV. Bau der Hütte.- V. Inbetriebnahme der Hütte.- VI. Beispiele aus der Praxis.- Namen- und Sachverzeichnis.

Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games (ECGG) is a unique reference resource tailored to meet the needs of research and applications for industry professionals and academic communities worldwide. The ECGG covers the history, technologies, and trends of computer graphics and games.EditorNewton Lee, Institute for Education, Research, and Scholarships, Los Angeles, CA, USA Academic Co-ChairsShlomo Dubnov, Department of Music and Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USAPatrick C. K. Hung, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaJaci Lee Lederman, Vincennes University, Vincennes, IN, USAIndustry Co-ChairsShuichi Kurabayashi, Cygames, Inc. & Keio University, Kanagawa, JapanXiaomao Wu, Gritworld GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany Editorial Board MembersLeigh Achterbosch, School of Science, Engineering, IT and Physical Sciences, Federation University Australia Mt Helen, Ballarat, VIC, AustraliaRamazan S. Aygun, Department of Computer Science, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USABarbaros Bostan, BUG Game Lab, Bahçeşehir University (BAU), Istanbul, TurkeyAnthony L. Brooks, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkGuven Catak, BUG Game Lab, Bahçeşehir University (BAU), Istanbul, TurkeyAlvin Kok Chuen Chan, Cambridge Corporate University, Lucerne, SwitzerlandAnirban Chowdhury, Department of User Experience and Interaction Design, School of Design (SoD), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaSaverio Debernardis, Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, ItalyAbdennour El Rhalibi, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UKStefano Ferretti, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyHan Hu, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, ChinaMs. Susan Johnston, Select Services Films Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USAChris Joslin, Carleton University, Ottawa, CanadaSicilia Ferreira Judice, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaHoshang Kolivand, Department Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UKDario Maggiorini, Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyTim McGraw, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USAGeorge Papagiannakis, ORamaVR S.A., Heraklion, Greece; FORTH-ICS, Heraklion Greece University of Crete, Heraklion, GreeceFlorian Richoux, Nantes Atlantic Computer Science Laboratory (LINA), Université de Nantes, Nantes, FranceAndrea Sanna, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, ItalyYann Savoye, Institut fur Informatik, Innsbruck University, Innsbruck, AustriaSercan Şengün, Wonsook Kim School of Art, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USARuck Thawonmas, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, JapanVinesh Thiruchelvam, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaRojin Vishkaie, Amazon, Seattle, WA, USADuncan A. H. Williams, Digital Creativity Labs, Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, UKSai-Keung Wong, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TaiwanEditorial Board InternSam Romershausen, Vincennes University, Vincennes, IN, USA

This book revisits the definition of polemical discourse and deals with its functions in the democratic sphere. It first examines theoretical questions concerning the management of disagreement in democracy and the nature of polemical discourse. Next, it analyses case studies involving such issues as the place of women in the public space, illustrated by the case of the burqa in France and public controversy in the media on the exclusion of women from the public space. The book then explores reason, passion and violence in polemical discourse by means of cases involving confrontations between secular and ultra-orthodox circles, controversies about the Mexican Wall and fierce discussions about stock-options, and bonuses in times of financial crisis.Although polemical exchanges in the public sphere exacerbate dissent instead of resolving conflicts, they are quite frequent in the media and on the Net. How can we explain such a paradox? Most studies in argumentation avoid the question: they mainly focus on the verbal procedures leading to agreement. This focus stems from the centrality conferred upon consensus in our democratic societies, where decisions should be the result of a process of deliberation. What is then the social function of a confrontational management of dissent that does not primarily seek to achieve agreement? Is it just a sign of decadence, failure and powerlessness, or does it play a constructive role? This book answers these questions.

This book capitalizes on data collected by the Natural Resources Conservation Service & other organizations over the past 100+ years & offers the first comprehensive treatment of Mississippi soils. Main topics include the history of soil studies; soil-forming factors; general soil regions; taxonomic soil regions; soil-forming processes; benchmark, endemic, rare, & endangered soils; land use; key environmental issues; & yield potential of Mississippi soils. The book contains over 100 photographs of soils, vegetation, & land use & should be of interest to planners & students interested in soil science & allied disciplines.

This book provides an overview of software security analysis in a DevOps cycle including requirements formalisation, verification and continuous monitoring. It presents an overview of the latest techniques and tools that help engineers and developers verify the security requirements of large-scale industrial systems and explains novel methods that enable a faster feedback loop for verifying security-related activities, which rely on techniques such as automated testing, model checking, static analysis, runtime monitoring, and formal methods. The book consists of three parts, each covering a different aspect of security engineering in the DevOps context. The first part, "Security Requirements", explains how to specify and analyse security issues in a formal way. The second part, "Prevention at Development Time", offers a practical and industrial perspective on how to design, develop and verify secure applications. The third part, "Protection at Operations", eventually introduces tools for continuous monitoring of security events and incidents. Overall, it covers several advanced topics related to security verification, such as optimizing security verification activities, automatically creating verifiable specifications from security requirements and vulnerabilities, and using these security specifications to verify security properties against design specifications and generate artifacts such as tests or monitors that can be used later in the DevOps process. The book aims at computer engineers in general and does not require specific knowledge. In particular, it is intended for software architects, developers, testers, security professionals, and tool providers, who want to define, build, test, and verify secure applications, Web services, and industrial systems.

I: Coherent Control.- The Odyssey of Kent Wilson: Holding Molecules in the Light.- The Kent Wilson Group in the 1990s.- Algorithms for Closed Loop Ultrafast Control of Quantum Dynamics.- Control of Quantum Dynamics by Adaptive Femtosecond Pulse Shaping.- Optimal Control of Two-Photon Transitions: Bright and Dark Femtosecond Pulses Designed by a Self-Learning Algorithm.- Feedback Optimization of Molecular States Using a Parametrization in Frequency and Time Domain.- Controlling and Probing Impulsively Induced Ground State Vibrational Dynamics.- Dynamics and Coherent Control of Condensed Phase Vibrational Coherences.- Spatiotemporal Coherent Control.- Coherent Control and Nonlinear Interactions of Semiconductor Cavity Polaritons.- Coherent Control of XUV Radiation.- Enhancement of k? Yield from Femtosecond Laser Produced Plasmas by Automated Control of Plasma Parameters.- II: Lasers for Ultrashort Pulses.- Challenges and Limitations on Generating Few Cycle Laser Pulses Directly from Oscillators.- Extremely Flexible and Accurate Chirp-Compensation for 75-MHz Repetitive Glass-Fiber Output of a More-Than 100-THz Bandwidth: Generation of a-Few4Optical-Cycle Transform-Limited Pulses.- 14-fs Pulses at 1.3-µm Generated from an All-Solid-State Cr: Forsterite Laser.- Smooth Dispersion Compensation: Novel Chirped Mirrors with Suppressed Dispersion Oscillations.- Dispersion Management over one Octave with Tilted-Front-Interface Chirped Mirrors.- A Prism-Pair-Formed Pulse Shaper Compresses Optical Pulses to the 6 fs Regime.- Correcting the Failure of the Slowly Varying Amplitude Approximation for Short Pulses.- Precise Control of the Pulse-to-Pulse Carrier-Envelope Phase in a Mode-Locked Laser.- Carrier Envelope Offset Phase Stabilization for Few-Cycle Nonlinear Optics.- Sub-10 fs Light Pulses with Stabilized Carrier-Envelope Phase: Optical Waveform Synthesis.- Frequency Domain Control of Femtosecond Pulse Trains with Fabry-Perot Reference Cavities for Optical Frequency Metrology.- Nonlinear Optcal Method for Determining the Absolute Carrier Phase of a Laser Pulse.- Generation of Relativistic Intensity Pulses at 300 Hz Repetition Rate.- Reflection Double Pass Ti: Sapphire Continuous-Wave Amplifier Delivering 5.77 W Average Power, 82 MHz Repetition Rate, 100 fs Pulse.- Chirped Pulse Amplification for Ultraviolet Femtosecond Pulses Using Ce: LiCAF Crystal.- Parabolic Pulses from Yb: Fiber Amplifiers: A New Paradigm for High Power Ultrashort Pulse Generation.- Generation, Amplification and Characterization of Tunable Visible Ultrashort Shaped Pulses.- Synthesis of Supershort UV Pulses Using Phase-Locked Raman Side-Band Generation.- Generation and Measurement of Ultrafast Tunable VUV Light.- III: Pulse Characterization, Shaping and Measurement Techniques.- Autocorrelation Measurement of Femtosecond Optical Pulses Using Two-Photon-Induced Photocurrent in a Photomultiplier Tube.- Precision and Accuracy of Ultrashort Optical Pulse Measurement Using SPIDER.- Highly Simplified Ultrashort Pulse Measurement.- Time-Gated FROG: A New Technique for Studying the Build-Up of Optical Pulse Field in Mode-Locked Ultrafast Lasers.- Measuring the Intensity and Phase of Ultrabroadband Continuum.- Amplitude and Phase Measurement of Mid-IR Femtosecond Pulses Using XFROG.- Rapid Retrieval of Ultrashort Pulse Amplitude and Phase from a Sonogram Trace.- Simultaneous Two-Dimensional Space and Time Measurement of Ultrashort Optical Pulses Based on Spatial Spectral Interferometry.- Reliability of Fourier-Transform Spectral Interferometry.- Direct Measurement of Spectral Phase of Femtosecond Pulses Using Optical Parametric Effect.- Ultrashort Pulse Characterization by Frequency Resolved Pump Probe.- Attosecond Cross Correlation Technique.- Unbalanced Multiphoton Autocorrelation Techniques for fs Pulse Measurements in the Near IR.- Unbalanced Third-Order Correlations for Characterizing the Intensity and Phase of Femtosecond Pulses.- Spectral Phase Correlator for Coded Wavefo

1 Microsystems for Automotive Applications: Markets and Perspectives.- 1.1 Markets and Opportunities for MEMS/MST in Automotive Applications.- 1.2 The Automotive Microsystems Market: Insights from the NEXUS Market Study 20012.- 1.3 Automotive Micro and Nano- Technology in the European Sixth Framework Programme.- 1.4 Regulations for Automotive Applications.- 2 Microsystems Technologies and Materials.- 2.1 Microsystems Technology - a New Era Leading to Unequalled Potentials for Automotive Applications.- 2.2 Fabrication Technologies for 3D-microsensor Structures.- 2.3 Signal Processing for Automotive Applications.- 2.4 Materials for Electronic Systems in Automotive Applications - Silicon On Insulator (SOI).- 2.5 Microsystems Packaging for Automotive Applications.- 2.6 Micro-Mechatronics in Automotive Applications.- 3 Functions and Applications.- 3.1 Towards Ambient Intelligence - Obstacle Detection.- 3.1.1 Overview: Obstacle Detection.- 3.1.2 Environment Sensing for Advanced Driver Assistance - CARSENSE.- 3.1.3 True 360° Sensing Using Multiple Systems.- 3.1.4 Electronic Scanning Antenna for Autonomous Cruise Control Applications.- 3.1.5 Advanced Uncooled Infrared System Electronics.- 3.1.6 Laserscanner for Obstacle Detection.- 3.1.7 Infrared Camera for cAR - ICAR a EURIMUS Project for Driver Vision Enhancement.- 3.1.8 Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical-Ssystems (MOEMS) in Automotive Applications.- 3.2 Powertrain Applications.- 3.2.1 Overview: Microsystems as a Key Eelement for Advanced Powertrain Systems.- 3.2.2 A Piezoelectric Driven Microinjector for Dl-Gasoline Applications.- 3.2.3 A Robust Hot Film Anemometer for Injection Quantity Measurements.- 3.2.4 Non-Contact Magnetostrictive Torque Sensor - Opportunities and Realisation.- 3.2.5 Benefits of a Cylinder Pressure Based Engine Management System on a Vehicle.- 3.3 Measurement - Angle and Position Sensors for Vehicles.- 3.3.1 TPO (True Power On) Active Camshaft Sensor for Low Emission Regulation.- 3.3.2 Contactless Position Sensors for Safety-critical Applications.- 3.3.3 High Resolution Absolute Angular Position Detection with Single Chip Capability.- 3.4 Measurement - Pressure Sensing in Automotive Applications.- 3.3.4 Programmable Linear Magnetic Hall-Effect Sensor with Excellent Accuracy.- 3.4.1 Overview: Principles and Technologies for Pressure Sensors for Automotive Applications.- 3.4.2 Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems - the New MEMS Based Safety Issue.- 3.4.3 Measurement of the Actuation Force of the Brake Pedal in Brake-by-wire Systems Via the Use of Micromechanical Sensors.- 3.4.4 Design of a New Concept Pressure Sensor for X-by-wire Automotive Applications.- 3.4.5 Pressure Sensors in the Pressure Range 0 - 300 bar for Oil Pressure Applications - Directly in the Oil Media.- 3.5 Further Functions and Applications.- 3.5.1 Sensors in the Next Generation Automotive Networks.- 3.5.2 Plastic Packaging for Various Sensor Applications in the Automotive Industry.- 3.5.3 Harsh Fluid Resistant Silicone Encapsulants for the Automotive Industry.- 3.5.4 Silicon-On-lnsulator (SOI) Solutions for Automotive Applications.- 3.5.5 Micromachined Gyroscope in Silicon-On-lnsulator (SOI) Technology.- 3.5.6 Thermal Microsensor for the Detection of Side-Impacts in Vehicles.- 3.5.7 Low-cost Filling-level Sensor.- 3.5.8 IBA - Integrated Bus Compatible Initiator.- Contributors.- Keywords.

This book includes the accepted papers of the four selected workshops which focus on integration of emerging technologies into education and training (ETELT), Interactive Environments and Emerging Technologies for eLearning (IEETeL), Technology Enhanced Learning in Nursing Education (Nursing), and Technology Enhanced Learning for Future Citizens (TEL4FC). Education is the cornerstone of any society; it serves as one of the foundations for many of its social values and characteristics. mis4TEL'23 promotes the interaction among the scientific community to discuss applications of Technology Enhanced Learning solutions targeting not only cognitive and social processes but also motivational, personality, or emotional factors. In addition, current trends concerning the use of artificial intelligence can help and augment learning opportunities for learners and educators. We would like to thank all the contributing authors, the members of the program committee, national associations (AEPIA, and APPIA), and the sponsors (AIR Institute, and Camara Municipal de Guimarães). Chapter "Exploring Value and Ethical Dimensions of Disruptive Technologies for Learning and Teaching" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

The book describes the physical properties of gases and describes the different measuring methods and sensor principles for the analysis of gas mixtures. The use of gas sensors in different applications is shown by means of practical examples. These applications of the metrological detection of gases originate from many fields of engineering, in particular energy technology, food technology, process engineering, biotechnology, safety engineering, medical technology and environmental technology.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Gasmesstechnik in Theorie und Praxis by Gerhard Wiegleb, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2017. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

This book provides readers a comprehensive introduction to alternative number systems for more efficient representations of Deep Neural Network (DNN) data. Various number systems (conventional/unconventional) exploited for DNNs are discussed, including Floating Point (FP), Fixed Point (FXP), Logarithmic Number System (LNS), Residue Number System (RNS), Block Floating Point Number System (BFP), Dynamic Fixed-Point Number System (DFXP) and Posit Number System (PNS). The authors explore the impact of these number systems on the performance and hardware design of DNNs, highlighting the challenges associated with each number system and various solutions that are proposed for addressing them.

This book covers the topic of discourse and argumentation in archaeology with an aim to serve the archaeology community. The book presents discourse and argument analysis approaches and techniques in an affordable manner and applied to archaeological situations. It focuses on techniques and approaches that can be applicable to multiple situations, periods and cultures. The book begins with an introduction to discourse and argumentation analysis as a general field and also as an auxiliary technique to archaeology. The work includes conceptual applications, ranging from causality, ontological connections, vagueness, social production of discourse and public debates. The work also devotes a section to computational approaches and describes the specifics of some well-known families of algorithms such as lexical processing, information extraction or sentiment analysis. The conclusion comments on the future and which reflects on the previous chapters and discusses how the presented techniques and approaches should be adapted or improved for easier and more powerful application to archaeology. Contributing authors bring perspectives from archaeology, linguistics, and computer science.

Birds have and continue to fascinate scientists and the general public. While the avian respiratory system has unremittingly been investigated for nearly five centuries, important aspects on its biology remain cryptic and controversial. In this book, resolving some of the contentious issues, developmental-, structural- and functional aspects of the avian lung-air sac system are particularized: it endeavors to answer following fundamental questions on the biology of birds: how, when and why did birds become what they are? Flight is a unique form of locomotion. It considerably shaped the form and the essence of birds as animals. An exceptionally efficient respiratory system capacitated birds to procure the exceptionally large quantities of oxygen needed for powered (active) flight. Among the extant air-breathing vertebrates, comprising 11,000 species, birds are the most species-rich-, numerically abundant- and extensively distributed animal taxon. After realizing volancy, they easily overcame geographical obstacles and extensively dispersed into various ecological niches where they underwent remarkable adaptive radiation. While the external morphology of birds is inconceivably uniform for such a considerably speciose taxon, contingent on among other attributes, lifestyle, habitat and phylogenetic level of development have foremost determined the novelties that are displayed by diverse species of birds.Here, critical synthesizes of the most recent findings with the historical ones, evolution and behavior and development, structure and function of the exceptionally elaborate respiratory system of birds are detailed. The prominence of modern birds as a taxon in the Animal Kingdom is underscored. The book should appeal to researchers who are interested in evolutionary processes and how adaptive specializations correlate with biological physiognomies and exigencies, comparative biologists who focus on how various animals have solved respiratory pressures, people who study respiration in birds and other animals and ornithologists who love and enjoy birds for what they are - profoundly interesting animals.

This book collects contributions which showcase the impact of new augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies considered jointly in the fields of cultural heritage and innovative design. AR is an alternative path of analysis and communication if applied to several fields of research, in particular if related to space and artifacts in it. This happens because the neural network development strengthens the relationship between augmented reality and artificial intelligence, creating processes close to human thought in shorter times. In the last years, the AR/AI expansion and the future scenarios have raised a deep trans-disciplinary speculation. The disciplines of representation (drawing, surveying, visual communication), as a convergence place of multidisciplinary theoretical and applicative studies related to architecture, city, environment, tangible and intangible cultural heritage, are called to contribute to the international debate. The book chapters dealwith augmented reality and artificial intelligence, analyzing their connections as research tools for knowing the environment. In particular, the topics focus on the intersection between real and virtual world and on the heuristic role of drawing in the enhancement and management of cultural heritage, in planning and monitoring the architecture, the environment, or the infrastructures. Scientists involved in AR and AI research applied separately or together in the field of cultural heritage, architectural design, urban planning, and infrastructures analysis, as well as members of public and private organizations make up interdisciplinary groups that fuel the discussion focusing on the priorities and aims of the research related to the disciplines of representation.

Datenverarbeitung in der Wirtschaft.- Informatikstrategien als Basis von Anwendungskonzeptionen.- Software Engineering-Konzeption.- Konzeption einer spartenübergreifenden Anwendung.- Realisierung von spartenübergreifenden operationalen Anwendungen.- Konzeption eines Data Warehouse.- Inhalte eines Data Warehouse.- Projektierung eines Data Warehouse.- Synergien für operationale Systeme mittels einem Data Warehouse.- Informationssysteme in der Praxis.- Expertensysteme.- Data Mining: Musterbeschreibung mit Hilfe von genetischen Algorithmen.- Gesamtanwendungsarchitektur eines Unternehmens.- Der Einfluß der Informatik auf Marktstrukturen und Wettbewerbsstrategien.- Anhang: Abkürzungen.- Glossar.- Literatur.- Abbildungsverzeichnis.- Tabellenverzeichnis.- Index.

This book explores and motivates the need for building homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-core systems for machine learning to enable flexibility and energy-efficiency. Coverage focuses on a key aspect of the challenges of (extreme-)edge-computing, i.e., design of energy-efficient and flexible hardware architectures, and hardware-software co-optimization strategies to enable early design space exploration of hardware architectures. The authors investigate possible design solutions for building single-core specialized hardware accelerators for machine learning and motivates the need for building homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-core systems to enable flexibility and energy-efficiency. The advantages of scaling to heterogeneous multi-core systems are shown through the implementation of multiple test chips and architectural optimizations.

This textbook serves as a practical guide for undergraduate and graduate students in geology, hydrology, ecology, and environmental sciences, teaching them applied GIS techniques. Presented as a step-by-step tutorial across seventeen chapters, the book starts with the fundamentals of GIS and progresses to real-life examples from geology and water resources. The focus is on ESRI's ArcGIS Pro, covering various tools for spatial, geostatistical, network, and 3-D analysis. Additionally, it explores ArcGIS Online and working with web apps like Web Map, StoryMaps, and GEO App.GIS applications, especially in water and environmental problem-solving, are rapidly growing worldwide. The demand for GIS experts utilizing spatial analysis in environmental science remains high. This textbook equips users with the necessary knowledge to become effective mappers and spatial analysts in the fields of environment, geosciences, and water resources, employing the latest state-of-the-art methodology.Each chapter provides exercises and supplementary materials available for download on SpringerLink, along with additional links for further learning opportunities.

Numerous advancements are being brought in and incorporated into the cloud domain with the aim of realizing a trove of deeper and decisive automations.Rather than discussing the cloud paradigm in isolation, this fully updated text examines how cloud computing can work collaboratively with other computing models to meet the needs of evolving trends.This multi-dimensional approach encompasses the challenges of fulfilling the storage requirements of big data, the use of the cloud as a remote server for Internet of Things and sensor networks, and an investigation of how cloud computing is interlinked with other established computing phenomenon such as edge computing. New chapters illustrate the distinct ideals of the cloud-native computing, proclaimed as the next-generation cloud computing paradigm.Topics and features: Includes learning objectives, motivating questions, and self-test exercisesIntroduces the underlying concepts, fundamental features, and key technological foundations of cloud computingExamines how enterprise networking and cloud networking can work together to achieve business goalsReviews the different types of cloud storage available to address the evolution of data and the need for digitizationDiscusses the challenges and approaches to implementing cloud governance, security, and the hot topic of cloud managementDescribes the details of cloud migration, the crucial role of monitoring in optimizing the cloud, and the basics of disaster recovery using cloud infrastructureThis technically rigorous, yet simple-to-follow textbook is an ideal resource for graduate courses on cloud computing. Professional software developers and cloud architects will also find the work to be an invaluable reference.

Education is the cornerstone of any society; it serves as one of the foundations for many of its social values and characteristics. mis4TEL'23 promotes the interaction among the scientific community to discuss applications of Technology Enhanced Learning solutions targeting not only cognitive and social processes but also motivational, personality, or emotional factors. In addition, current trends concerning the use of artificial intelligence can help and augment learning opportunities for learners and educators. The 13th International Conference on Methodologies and Intelligent Systems for Technology Enhanced Learning (mis4TEL'23) technical program includes 26 contributions (13 full papers and 13 short papers). mis4TEL'23 is hosted by the LASI and Centro Algoritmi of the University of Minho (Portugal). The authors would like to thank all the contributing authors, the members of the Program Committee, National Associations (AEPIA and APPIA), and the sponsors (AIR Institute and Camara Municipal de Guimarães).

Natural Language Processing is the branch of Artificial Intelligence involving language, be it in spoken or written modality. Teaching Natural Language Processing (NLP) is difficult because of its inherent connections with other disciplines, such as Linguistics, Cognitive Science, Knowledge Representation, Machine Learning, Data Science, and its latest avatar: Deep Learning. Most introductory NLP books favor one of these disciplines at the expense of others. Based on a course on Natural Language Processing taught by the author at IMT Atlantique for over a decade, this textbook considers three points of view corresponding to three different disciplines, while granting equal importance to each of them. As such, the book provides a thorough introduction to the topic following three main threads: the fundamental notions of Linguistics, symbolic Artificial Intelligence methods (based on knowledge representation languages), and statistical methods (involving both legacy machine learning and deep learning tools). Complementary to this introductory text is teaching material, such as exercises and labs with hints and expected results. Complete solutions with Python code are provided for educators on the SpringerLink webpage of the book. This material can serve for classes given to undergraduate and graduate students, or for researchers, instructors, and professionals in computer science or linguistics who wish to acquire or improve their knowledge in the field. The book is suitable and warmly recommended for self-study.

1. Allgemeine Ratschläge.- 2. Bei der Arbeit.- 3. Die Schmierung.- 4. Die Kühlmittelversorgung.- 5. Die Führungen.- 6. Die Getriebe.- 7. Der elektrische Teil.- 8. Der hydraulische Teil.- 9. Die Maschinenwerkzeuge.- 10. Die Werkstückspanner oder Spannvorrichtungen.

1 Aufbau, Eigenschaften und Herstellung der Werkstoffe der Konstruktionskeramik.- 2 Bewertung der Bauteile hinsichtlich Festigkeit, Lebensdauer und Zuverlässigkeit.- 3 Konstruktion mit keramischen Werkstoffen.- 4 Bearbeitung keramischer Werkstoffe.- 5 Verbindungstechnik von Konstruktionskeramik.- 6 Keramische Schichten.- 7 Prüfung der Konstruktionskeramik.- 8 Tribologisches Verhalten von Konstruktionskeramik.- 9 Literaturverzeichnis.- 10 Autorenkollektiv.- 11 Sachwortverzeichnis.

This book presents the proceedings of the 7th conference Healthcare Systems Ergonomics and Patient Safety (HEPS), held in Delft, The Netherlands on November 2-4, 2022, which was endorsed by the International Ergonomics Association (IEA). Contributions focus on the integration of knowledge, methods, and expertise from the disciplines of Human Factors/Ergonomics and of Medicine and Health in order to contribute to a safe and humane, high-quality healthcare system. Through breaking down the barriers between disciplines, they foster a framework of scientific knowledge, expertise and best practices to create the future of health and healthcare. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors.

1. Introduction (Historical Review).- 2. Melt Blowing Techniques.- 2.1 Main Technological Procedures.- 2.2 Modern Trends in Melt mowing Techniques.- 3. Equipment.- 3.1 Spray Heads.- 3.1.1 Basic Designs.- 3.1.2 Modified Heads.- 3.2 Auxiliary Equipment.- 4. Structure of Melt-Blown Polymer Fibrous Materials (PFM).- 4.1 Major Structural Parameters.- 4.2 Effect of Different Technological Regimes on PFM Structure.- 5. Specific Properties of Melt-Blown PFM.- 5.1 Physicochemical Characteristics.- 5.2 Electret Charge in Melt-Blown Materials.- 6. Fibrous Materials in Filtration Systems.- 6.1 Efficiency of Filtration Systems.- 6.2 Filtration Mechanisms.- 6.2.1 Mechanisms of Particle Precipitation.- 6.2.2 Surface and Depth Filtration.- 6.2.3 Electrostatic Precipitation.- 6.2.4 Precipitation and Coagulation in a Magnetic Field.- 7. Electret Filtering PFM.- 7.1 Mechanism of PFM Polarization.- 7.2 Capillary Phenomena.- 7.3 Production Process and Properties of Electret PFM.- 7.4 Applications.- 8. Magnetic Filtering PFM.- 8.1 Backgro.- 8.2 Simulation of Magnetic Deposition in PFM.- 8.3 Theory versus Experiment.- 8.4 Magnetization of PFM.- 8.5 Magnetic Coagulation of Particles in PFM.- 8.6 Magnetic Capillary Phenomena.- 8.7 Serviceability of Magnetic PFM-Based Filters.- 9. Adsorptive and Microbicidal PFM.- 9.1 PFM Modified by Porous Adsorbents.- 9.2 PFM as Adsorbents of Oil Product8.- 9.3 Complex-Forming PFM.- 9.4 Adsorptive-Microbicidal PFM.- 10. PFM as Carriers of Microorganisms.- 10.1 Biofilters with Polymer Fibrous Biomass Carriers.- 10.2 Effect of Magnetic Fields on the Growth Proce8ses of Microorganisms.- 11. Other Applications of PFM.- 11.1 Household Uses.- 11.2 Industry.- 11.3 Construction.- 11.4 Medicine.- 11.5 Packing.- 11.6 Protection of Products and Environment.- 12. Ecological and Social Problems.- 12.1 Solution of Ecological Problems.- 12.1.1 Purification of Indu8trial Gases.- 12.1.2 Wa8tewatcr Purification.- 12.1.3 Melioration.- 12.1.4 Oil and Chemical Sorbents.- 12.2 Regeneration, Utilization, and Burial.- 12.3 Economic Estimates.- 13. Conclusion.- References.

Bulk materials are processed and refined in many industrial plants. They are transported back and forth between the various process steps. If bulk materials are dust-fine to coarse-grained, they can be transported pneumatically through pipelines with flowing gas - over distances of several metres to several kilometres.This book introduces the basics of pneumatic conveying, the construction of plants and their operation. The first three chapters deal with the physical properties of the bulk material and the conveying gas as well as their behaviour in gas-solid systems. The following chapter describes the application of these basics in pneumatic conveying: starting with different flow forms, via processes at the plug, up to pressure loss in pneumatic conveying lines. The following sections are devoted, among other things, to calculation approaches for the transfer of test models to large-scale systems, as well as to modern dense-phase conveying methods in which material to be conveyed moves at low speed in the form of threads, plugs or flowing. Separate chapters deal with the design of pneumatic conveying systems and various forms and causes of their wear.The book offers calculation examples for many topics and is state of the art. It is aimed at engineers, plant constructors and operators of product lines with pneumatic conveying. They benefit from the author's decades of experience in the development and design of plants with new conveying processes.

This book explores the theoretical background and provides an experimental analysis of using natural energy resources in sustainable building design. It brings together an international group of contributors focusing on ways natural energy, lighting, and ventilation can improve the performance of electrical, lighting, and mechanical systems. Contributions explore how natural resources can contribute to sustainable development goals while meeting energy demands and maintaining acceptable interior air quality and natural illumination needs. Coverage includes green building design, renewable energy integration, photovoltaic systems, small-scale wind turbines, natural lighting, and natural ventilation. Natural Energy, Lighting, and Ventilation in Sustainable Buildings offers practical and promising solutions for novel challenges in sustainable design for electrical engineers, energy engineers, architectural engineers, and related professionals, as well asresearchers and developers from engineering science.

This book reflects the latest developments in sliding-mode control (SMC) and variable-structure systems (VSS), comprising contributions by leading researchers and an international range of experts. Such contributions highlight advances in various branches of the field¿conventional and higher-order SMC with continuous- and discrete-time implementation and theory and applications both receive attention.The book consists of six parts. In the first, new SMC/VSS algorithms are proposed and their properties are analyzed. The second part focuses on the use of observers to solve the estimation and output-feedback control problems. The third part discusses the discretization aspects of SMC algorithms. Parts IV and V provide important insights on the use of adaptation laws for non-overestimated control gains and chattering alleviation. The last part examines the applications of these SMC/VSS ideas to real-world systems. Sliding-Mode Control and Variable-Structure Systems introduces postgraduates and researchers to the state of the art in the field. It includes theory, methods, and applications relevant to workers in disciplines including control, automation, applied mathematics, electrical and mechanical engineering, instrumentation, electronics, computer science, robotics, transportation, and power engineering. Its clear style and deep exposition help readers to keep in touch with tools that are, thanks to the robustness and insensitivity to perturbations of the SMC/VSS paradigm, among the most efficient for dealing with uncertain systems.

This book deals with efficient estimation and optimization methods to improve the design of electrotechnical devices under uncertainty. Uncertainties caused by manufacturing imperfections, natural material variations, or unpredictable environmental influences, may lead, in turn, to deviations in operation. This book describes two novel methods for yield (or failure probability) estimation. Both are hybrid methods that combine the accuracy of Monte Carlo with the efficiency of surrogate models. The SC-Hybrid approach uses stochastic collocation and adjoint error indicators. The non-intrusive GPR-Hybrid approach consists of a Gaussian process regression that allows surrogate model updates on the fly. Furthermore, the book proposes an adaptive Newton-Monte-Carlo (Newton-MC) method for efficient yield optimization. In turn, to solve optimization problems with mixed gradient information, two novel Hermite-type optimization methods are described. All the proposed methods have been numerically evaluated on two benchmark problems, such as a rectangular waveguide and a permanent magnet synchronous machine. Results showed that the new methods can significantly reduce the computational effort of yield estimation, and of single- and multi-objective yield optimization under uncertainty. All in all, this book presents novel strategies for quantification of uncertainty and optimization under uncertainty, with practical details to improve the design of electrotechnical devices, yet the methods can be used for any design process affected by uncertainties.

​The hands-on textbook covers both the theory and applications of data communications, the Internet, and network security technology, following the ACM guideline for courses in networking. The content is geared towards upper undergraduate and graduate students in information technology, communications engineering, and computer science. The book is divided into three sections: Data Communications, Internet Architecture, and Network Security. Topics covered include flow control and reliable transmission; modulation, DSL, cable modem, and FTTH; Ethernet and Fast Ethernet; gigabit and 10 gigabit Ethernet; and LAN interconnection devices, among others. The book also covers emerging topics such as IPv6 and software defined networks. The book is accompanied with a lab manual which uses Wireshark, Cisco Packet Tracer, and virtual machines to lead students through simulated labs.