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Presents newly discovered mechanisms and concepts which explain the transition from hypertension to heart failure Includes a special part regarding the diagnostic of heart failure in hypertension patients with a state of the art review on the role of advanced imaging techniques Approaches newly developed pharmacological and invasive treatments of hypertensive heart failure

This book, now in an extensively revised second edition, reviews the evidence relating to the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, safety/toxicity, and clinical application of tooth whitening techniques and materials. All clinical techniques are profusely illustrated step by step. The book is divided into four parts, the first of which explains how tooth whitening with peroxides works and examines the overall safety of peroxides and potential complications. The findings of clinical trials with peroxide-based materials for clinical practice are then examined, with discussion of a wide range of issues in at-home whitening and in-office whitening. The third part focuses on the techniques of enamel microabrasion and resin infiltration, which entail removal of a microscopic layer of enamel and may be used to improve tooth color either alone or in combination with peroxides. The concluding part includes a variety of informative clinical cases using combined bleaching and restorative techniques for discolored teeth. Tooth Whitening -- An Evidence-Based Perspective will be of interest for dentists, dental hygienists, dental assistants, and others with an interest in the subject.

This book discusses the development of the rural tourism industry in the Himalayan region, specifically in the region of Himachal Pradesh (HP), from the perspective of different stakeholders in the tourism industry. It examines the current status and trends of rural tourism in HP, discusses the challenges faced in response to the vulnerability of the Himalayas to global climate change, and evaluates the consequences of rural tourism on the socio-economic structure in HP to sustainably formulate a framework for promoting financial and social inclusion. This framework covers flexible strategies for planning rural tourism development, assesses the role of technology in the tourism industry in achieving the objective of social and financial inclusion, and identifies the factors influencing a tourist¿s decision to undertake rural tourism and develop a hierarchical relationship among those factors. The book will be of interest to students and researchers of sustainable rural tourism and tourism economics, as well as stakeholders from various sectors aiming to sustainably improve the ecological and economic fragility of the Himalayas due to climate change.

General.- 2 The Vehicle: The Pharmaceutical Carrier of Dermatological Agents.- 3 The Absolute Fundamentals of Transdermal Permeation (Drug Delivery for Dummies).- 4 Basics (Guidelines) on Cell Culture Testing for Topical Dermatological Drugs/Products and Cosmetics With Regard to Efficacy and Safety of the Preparations.- 5 Guidelines and Methods on Safety Testing for Dermatics and Cosmetics.- 6 Basics on Clinical Safety Testing.- Projects.- 7 Antimicrobials.- 8 Topical Antifungal Agents.- 9 Hand Disinfection and Antiseptic of Skin, Mucous Membranes, and Wounds.- 10 Antivirals.- 11 Dermatopharmacology of Antiparasitics and Insect Repellents.- 12 Antiphlogistics (Dermocorticoids and topical immunomodulators).- 13 Antiseborrheics.- 14a Principle of Drug Treatments for Itch.- 14b Methodological Approaches for Testing Anti-Itch and Related Substances.- 15 Hair: Scalp Hair Growth Evaluation Methods.- 16 Keratolytics.- 17 Dermatopharmacology of Topical Anti-Fungal Preparations in Nail Tissue.- 18 Skin Care/Detergents.- 19 Skin Hydration.- 20 Efficacy of Skin Care Products and Different Mixtures of Lipids on Barrier Function.- 21 Project Sunscreen Protection.- 22 Photoaging - Retinoids, Alpha Hydroxy Acids, and Antioxidants.- 23 Antiperspirants.- 24 Wound Healingo.- 25 Marketing of Pharmaceutical Products.

This textbook examines the fundamental principles of microbial metabolism and how a microbe's ecology is intrinsically interwoven with and a consequence of its metabolism. Further, it answers many questions frequently asked by students, such as: What are the mechanistic connections between simple phenotypic traits, ecological patterns and microbial metabolism and diversity? In the process, readers will be introduced to essential topics like metabolism and metabolic pathways, flux of energy and nutrients, genome size and fitness, competition, selection and drift.Moreover, the book conveys fundamental principles that show students how to approach the field of microbiology from a different, more unifying angle, e.g., how microbes' access to environmentally available energy resources and the specific metabolism involved lies at the root of every ecologically significant microbial speciation. This aspect, together with its special focus on metabolism and ecological implications, make the book a must-read for all students of microbiology.

This edited volume discusses direct citizen participation and public policymaking in Turkey. Written by a diverse group of scholars and practitioners, this book advances the field of public policy by critically examining whether and how direct citizen participation may add value to government business. Structurally, the book focuses on the core topics of public administration, the generation of public services, the design and implementation of public policies, citizens and networks, new business models, and local perspectives. Using Turkey as a case study, this volume fills a gap in the literature and will appeal to researchers interested in public policy in the MENA context.

This open access book focuses on climate change, indigenous reindeer husbandry and the underlying concept of connecting the traditional knowledge of indigenous reindeer herders in the Arctic with the latest research findings of the world's leading academics. The Arctic and sub-Arctic environment, climate and biodiversity are changing in ways unprecedented in the long histories of the north, challenging traditional ways of life, well-being, and food security with legitimate concerns for the future of traditional indigenous livelihoods. The book provides a clear and thorough overview of the potential problems caused by a warming climate on reindeer husbandry and how reindeer herders' knowledge should be brought to action. In particular, the predicted impacts of global warming on winter climate and the resilience reindeer of communities are thoroughly discussed.

This book allows readers to grasp both the fundamentals and the latest technological advances in the field of mine drainage, which is increasingly crucial both environmentally and economically. Its extensive coverage of current and promising passive treatment technologies, combined with numerous practical guides, makes it an indispensable tool for early researchers seeking promising trends and identifying gaps.The book systematically explores recent literature on passive treatment research, classifying them as preventative, in-situ, and ex-situ solutions. It covers relevant passive treatments such as permeable reactive barriers, constructed wetlands, gravel bed reactors, saturated rock fills, and passivation techniques, among other common source control tactics. Each technology is discussed in terms of principal mechanisms, state-of-the-art technological advances, advantages and disadvantages, and suitability for a given mine drainage chemistry and flow regime. Thebook provides a comprehensive view of the entire field, offering researchers and policymakers a reference guide, research ideas, understanding, and practical applications for each technology.Furthermore, the contains an overview of recent trends in material selection for passive treatment applications, primarily through the use of industrial waste and by-products, which incorporate more sustainable practices in mine drainage remediation. Uniquely, the manuscript includes a flowchart based on water chemistry and flow rates to guide readers to ideal treatment options, along with written analysis to further support the readers' decision-making. Overall, this equips early researchers in the field with knowledge of fundamentals and promising research routes when dealing with different mine drainage complexities while also providing them with promising research avenues that can advance the field further.

This book is a selection of the best papers presented at the XXX National Conference of Commodity Science held in Bari, Italy on 27 to 28th October, 2022. It is designed to help advance the knowledge and application of Commodity Science in innovation, quality, and sustainability principles and goals. Furthermore, it provides support in confronting the current environmental and socioeconomic challenges and contributes to addressing and solving those concerns in a circular economy context.Under this perspective, the book highlights the central role that Commodity Science can play, also considering the multiple possibilities of interacting with other relevant research sectors, like food production and packaging, engineering, environmental science, organisation, management, decision science, and social science, so enabling valorisation and rmaximisation. These interactions will appeal to academics, producers, decision- and policymakers, and other stakeholders.Thus, this book has a multidisciplinary holistically integrated approach to Commodity Science that contributes to enhancing the current literature and knowledge.

During his training, neurosurgeon Robert J. Dempsey, M.D. was told that global health was something for infectious diseases and not possible in super-specialties. This is the story of questioning that belief, of addressing a massive need by working in the areas of need, going to numerous ministers of health worldwide and showing them that with the training of even a few neurosurgeons, we can complete a trauma system in their country. The result is now we can also provide care for cancer, stroke and congenital defects of newborn children where it was previously impossible. In 2015, the Lancet Commission's report predicted, over the next few years, 47 million unnecessary deaths worldwide due to the lack of essential surgeries. This book relates the importance of rectifying that ongoing tragedy and, more importantly, the humanizing influences that such a journey has had on a super-specialist working with the people of greatest need. It concludes that in spite of massive need, the present situation is actually very hopeful, as we have shifted the focus of global health from service alone to partnered teaching, leading us now to self-sustaining systems of care delivered for and by the people in the regions of need. Global Neurosurgery covers the thought-provoking and often frightening lessons learned over four decades of neurosurgical involvement in global health, working from a period when little or none existed to the present state of specialized healthcare in the area of need. This process starts in the U.S. and then addresses health disparity on four continents and now on U.S. tribal reservations. It emphasizes the importance of first listening, then partnering with government, medical societies, universities and private foundations, and most importantly, learning from mistakes. The programs developed allow the recipients of the care to take over the training so that it becomes about them and their patients in their home lands. It will appeal to a wide audience because its stories explain actual worldwide health conditions while giving an insight valuable to the professional or lay person into the experiences and operating rooms of a neurosurgeon working under very difficult conditions.

The aim of this book is to provide an overview of some of the progress made by the Spanish Network of Geometric Analysis (REAG, by its Spanish acronym) since its born in 2007. REAG was created with the objective of enabling the interchange of ideas and the knowledge transfer between several Spanish groups having Geometric Analysis as a common research line. This includes nine groups at Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Universidad de Granada, Universidad Jaume I de Castellón, Universidad de Murcia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela and Universidad de Valencia. The success of REAG has been substantiated with regular meetings and the publication of research papers obtained in collaboration between the members of different nodes.On the occasion of the 15th anniversary of REAG this book aims to collect some old and new contributions of this network to Geometric Analysis. The book consists of thirteen independent chapters, all of them authored by current members of REAG. The topics under study cover geometric flows, constant mean curvature surfaces in Riemannian and sub-Riemannian spaces, integral geometry, potential theory and Riemannian geometry, among others. Some of these chapters have been written in collaboration between members of different nodes of the network, and show the fruitfulness of the common research atmosphere provided by REAG. The rest of the chapters survey a research line or present recent progresses within a group of those forming REAG.Surveying several research lines and offering new directions in the field, the volume is addressed to researchers (including postdocs and PhD students) in Geometric Analysis in the large.

This book describes a new methodology for planning and delivering projects and products. HYPERID (Hyper Inter-Methodological Delivery) is suitable for any type of project - from developing AI-powered software to building a skyscraper - regardless of whether those projects have typically been delivered using agile or sequential methods to date. HYPERID is particularly suitable for "fixed time/fixed price" projects and can address the core project delivery needs of today's enterprises that primarily revolve around predictability and successful delivery in terms of cost, time, and added value while remaining agile. HYPERID, as a hybrid methodology, makes use of some existing approaches and complements them with additional processes, structures, best practices, and behaviors. The methodology was developed because previous process models - classic (such as the waterfall method) and agile (including Scrum) cannot meet some of today's key requirements. HYPERID can be used to address the following core needs: reliable predictability and rapid planning, iterative and value-added results, and on-time and on-budget execution. The book is structured in such a way that the reader can learn all the necessary skills for planning and implementation according to the HYPERID methodology. The explanation of the individual steps is supplemented by background information, examples, and both best and bad practices. HYPERID is aimed at project managers and product managers, as well as executives who want to improve the implementation of their projects or products. On the HYPERID website you will find further information, updates, and tools for practical implementation.

List of Contents.- Biology of Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibition Motif-Bearing Molecules.- Negative Regulation of Hematopoietic Cell Activation and Proliferation by Fc?RIIB.- The Role of the SRC Homology 2-Containing Inositol 5?-Phospatase in Fc?Rl-Induced Signaling.- The Unexpected Complexity of Fc?RIIB Signal Transduction.- Regulation of B Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling by the Lyn/CD22/SHP1 Pathway.- HLA-Specific and Non-HLA-Specific Human NK Receptors.- Regulation of NK Cell Functions Through Interaction of the CD94/NKG2 Receptors with the Nonclassical Class I Molecule HLA-E.- Inhibitory Role of Murine Ly49 Lectin-like Receptors on Natural Killer Cells.- gp49: An Ig-like Receptor with Inhibitory Properties on Mast Cells and Natural Killer Cells.- A Novel Family of Inhibitory Receptors for HLA Class I Molecules That Modulate Function of Lymphoid and Myeloid Cells.- Interactions of LIRs, a Family of Immunoreceptors Expressed in Myeloid and Lymphoid Cells, with Viral and Cellular MHC Class I Antigens.- Paired Immunoglobulin-like Receptors of Activating and Inhibitory Types.- LAIR-1, a Widely Distributed Human ITIM-Bearing Receptor on Hematopoietic Cells.- The Mast Cell Function-Associated Antigen, a New Member of the ITIM Family.- The Enigma of Activating Isoforms of ITIM-Bearing Molecules.

This textbook provides a broad introduction to the biological processes underlying infectious diseases in a range of hosts and pathogens. The text covers topics at all levels of biological organization, from the molecular and cellular level, organismal level, and population and ecosystem level, and goes well beyond infectious diseases of humans. The details of how microbes interact with their hosts are unique for each interaction, but emphasis is on the common principles of host-pathogen interactions that result in disease. Biology of Infectious Disease: From Molecules to Ecosystems is aimed at undergraduate and early graduate-level students in biology or public health, including pre-medical and pre-public-health students, who are interested in a broad introduction to infectious disease but do not have any previous background in microbiology or immunology.

Über die pseudorektifizierenden Torsen von Raumkurven.

The topological fundamental group of a smooth complex algebraic variety is poorly understood. One way to approach it is to consider its complex linear representations modulo conjugation, that is, its complex local systems. A fundamental problem is then to single out the complex points of such moduli spaces which correspond to geometric systems, and more generally to identify geometric subloci of the moduli space of local systems with special arithmetic properties. Deep conjectures have been made in relation to these problems. This book studies some consequences of these conjectures, notably density, integrality and crystallinity properties of some special loci.This monograph provides a unique compelling and concise overview of an active area of research and is useful to students looking to get into this area. It is of interest to a wide range of researchers and is a useful reference for newcomers and experts alike.

This book provides a detailed description of the anatomy as well as surgical aspects of posterior approach to the hip joint. This approach has been highlighted in several key texts in orthopaedics over the years with this book offering the reader a comprehensive overview in a single resource.Modified Posterior Approach to the Hip Joint, 2nd Edition provides a well-structured overview of the original surgical findings undertaken by the Author, which are still followed ardently today. Clinicians seeking a clear and illustrated guide to the posterior approach to hip surgery will find this book to be an indispensable resource in everyday clinical practice.

This user-friendly, comprehensive and highly relevant book allows readers to gain a better understanding of mental health issues in sport and exercise. The field of sports psychiatry continues to grow globally at a rapid pace. This, in part, can be explained by the changing culture of sport leading to an appreciation of the role of psychiatric symptoms and syndromes in the world of sport, but also the increasing spread of both highly performance oriented and grass-roots basic sports and the associated risks in large sections of the population. The long-standing stigma attached to mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, ADHD, suicide, brain injuries, substance-abuse, is being challenged not only by high-profile athletes, but also in public health and general mental health services.The book utilizes an innovative case-based and structured didactical format to provide short summaries of recent research by leading experts in the respective fields, as well as up-todate prevention and clinical guidelines for all relevant disorders in a way that is easily accessible to the large and growing groups interested and active in sports. This work is relevant for all mental health professionals and can also be used by a wider readership including medical doctors, psychologists, athletes and coaches.A second volume covers the role of exercise as an effective treatment for a number of common psychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders and substance abuse.

This book is the first to assess the science and techniques used to restore women's figures after pregnancy and breastfeeding, and to explore the anatomical changes in different parts of the body. Post-maternity procedures are the result of a constantly evolving field at the intersection of gynecology and plastic surgery, and consist of a personalized set of surgical and non-surgical cosmetic treatments designed to help women to regain or improve upon their pre-pregnancy appearance. Leaders in the field shed new light on the science behind the natural changes to the body during and after pregnancy, helping readers understand which changes can be treated, and which ones should instead be respected. Divided into sections that anatomically assess the changes in the different parts of the body after pregnancy and breastfeeding, the book clarifies surgical procedures but also investigates the latest non-surgical treatments to improve women's body image. Moreover, readers will learn about the most relevant aspects of psychology and sexuality recovery treatment after pregnancy. Covering all aspects of the evolution and involution of the female body, the book offers essential information for those readers who want to learn about the changes accompanying pregnancy. It will also benefit residents and specialists in gynecology and plastic surgery, helping them understand how and why performing post-maternity procedures can be challenging for young and veteran doctors alike. In addition, it offers an important resource for fellowships in body shaping techniques and an invaluable reference guide for those readers who wish to specialize in post-maternity procedures.

This volume covers the latest results on novel methods in Risk Analysis and assessment, with applications in Biostatistics (which is providing food for thought since the first ICRAs, covering traditional areas of RA, until now), Engineering Reliability, the Environmental Sciences and Economics. The contributions, based on lectures given at the 9th International Conference on Risk Analysis (ICRA 9), at Perugia, Italy, May 2022, detail a wide variety of daily risks, building on ideas presented at previous ICRA conferences. Working within a strong theoretical framework, supporting applications, the material describes a modern extension of the traditional research of the 1980s. This book is intended for graduate students in Mathematics, Statistics, Biology, Toxicology, Medicine, Management, and Economics, as well as quantitative researchers in Risk Analysis.

This book provides a comprehensive compilation of standard rheumatology ultrasound scans. It systematically incorporates normal and pathological sonography findings of various structures and rheumatic disorders. The format of this book presents standard scans that cover a whole range of anatomic sites: shoulder, elbow, wrist, fingers, hip, knee, ankle, forefoot and toes. Each scan is accompanied by a picture showing the position of the probe, an anatomic drawing, an ultrasound image and an explanation of the ultrasound scan. At the end of each section on an anatomical site, the relevant ultrasound-guided injection procedure is explained. Musculoskeletal Ultrasound for the Rheumatologist: An Introductory Guide, 3rd Edition has been fully updated while maintaining the highly readable, well-organized structure found in the previous editions. The book provides a clear introduction to the rapidly growing field of sonography in rheumatology and is a concise and efficient tool for self-teaching. Clinicians seeking to refine their basic and advanced skills in rheumatological sonography will find this book to be an essential resource for their everyday practice.

This is an original work dedicated to an important and current topic in nephrology: organ crosstalk in acute renal injury. Acute kidney injury is a prevalent and serious syndrome. The related mortality to this syndrome has not been significantly reduced in the last decades despite the advances in renal replacement therapy technology. For this reason, a new approach to obtain an effective treatment is urgently needed. The organ crosstalk perspective could be useful in order to achieve this objective since it implies a very early acute kidney injury diagnose and treatment. This book includes a comprehensive review of the organ crosstalk perspective in acute kidney injury. Organized in two parts, the chapters in the first part present general subjects as an introduction to analysing the crosstalk concept. These chapters give an overview of the concepts of biosemiotics, hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, signalling and adhesion molecules, organ intercommunication, and epigenetics. The second part gathers chapters on the different kidney crosstalk, such as brain, lung, heart, liver, gut, and placenta. Finally, there is a chapter dedicated to the influence of renal replacement treatment on kidney crosstalk. Since acute kidney injury is a topic of interest to many health professionals, this work will be a useful resource to general practitioners, internal medicine physicians, geriatricians, nephrologists, critical care therapists, immunologists, and also biologists and bioengineers.

Driving the Cell Cycle to Cancer.- Proliferation: The Cell Cycle.- Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression in Tumor Pathology.- Ewing Tumor Biology: Perspectives for Innovative Treatment Approaches.- Cancer Epigenetics: DNA Methylation and Chromatin Alterations in Human Cancer.- Molecular Analysis of Cancer Using DNA and Protein Microarrays.- Proteomic Approaches to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Monitoring of Cancer.- Structural Basis of Tumoral Angiogenesis.- Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tumor Progression.- Angiogenesis Inhibitors and Their Therapeutic Potentials.- Mutated Tyrosine Kinases as Therapeutic Targets in Myeloid Leukemias.- Targeting PDGF Receptors in Cancer-Rationales and Proof of Concept Clinical Trials.- Immune-Promoted Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis. New considerations in cancer therapy.- Improvements of Survival in Nine Phase II Clinical Studies With Different Types of Cancer Upon Anti-Tumor Vaccination with an Autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine Modified by Virus Infection to Introduce Danger Signals.- Causation and Prevention of Solely Estrogen-Induced Oncogenesis: Similarities to Human Ductal Breast Cancer.- Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Prevention and Treatment.- Exosomes for Immunotherapy of Cancer.- Breast Cancer Gene Expression Analysis ¡a The Case for Dynamic Profiling..- Development of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor TARCEVATm (OSI-774).- Gefitinib (TRESSA, ZD 1839) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Recents Results and Further Strategies.- Mechanism of Action of Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibodies: Scientific Update on Trastuzumab and 2C4.- EORTC Research and Development: Achievements and Future Perspectives.- Contributors.

This book presents a comprehensive compilation of the latest research into digital disruption in the media industry. The perspectives are differentiated into innovation triggers in the media industry stemming from the economy, society and technology. In addition, the book highlights selected case studies exploring new media actors and usage, innovation and disruption in media organizations, emerging media platforms and channels, as well as innovative media topics and events. The book is intended for researchers in communication sciences and media research, as well as media practitioners who want to understand the causes and effects of digital transformation in the media industry.

This book offers a unique, machine-generated overview of the current state of research in Connected Learning, Networked Learning, Digital Badges, Micro-Credentials, and Lifelong Learning. The concept of Connected Learning picks up learners where they are, and that is no longer just the classroom or seminar room. Connected Learning seeks to understand the context of learning and the motivation of learners in order to design a more contemporary and effective learning experience. Central to this is the understanding that Connected Learning is collaborative and takes place in peer-to-peer networks, that it is based on participation, problem orientation and application, and that the more personalised the learning, the more interested learners are.This volume condenses and synthesizes research from a large variety of English-language articles into a concise yet comprehensive overview. Readers will benefit from the selection and synthesis of articles that allow them to get a quick understanding of the research area, while also being able to click through to the original sources to dive deeper into any particular topic. This volume is a key source of information and insight for those interested in the current research, as well as serving as an inspiring starting point for their own research.

This volume comprises the first part of the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Finite Volumes for Complex Applications, FVCA, held in Strasbourg, France, during October 30 to November 3, 2023.The Finite Volume method, and several of its variants, is a spatial discretization technique for partial differential equations based on the fundamental physical principle of conservation. Recent decades have brought significant success in the theoretical understanding of the method. Many finite volume methods are also built to preserve some properties of the continuous equations, including maximum principles, dissipativity, monotone decay of the free energy, asymptotic stability, or stationary solutions. Due to these properties, finite volume methods belong to the wider class of compatible discretization methods, which preserve qualitative properties of continuous problems at the discrete level. This structural approach to the discretization of partial differential equations becomes particularly important for multiphysics and multiscale applications. In recent years, the efficient implementation of these methods in numerical software packages, more specifically to be used in supercomputers, has drawn some attention. This volume contains all invited papers, as well as the contributed papers focusing on finite volume schemes for elliptic and parabolic problems. They include structure-preserving schemes, convergence proofs, and error estimates for problems governed by elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations. The second volume is focused on finite volume methods for hyperbolic and related problems, such as methods compatible with the low Mach number limit or able to exactly preserve steady solutions, the development and analysis of high order methods, or the discretization of kinetic equations.