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Freshwater and Marine Ecology is an introduction to the field of aquatic ecology, integrating the conceptually and methodologically widely overlapping fields of limnology and biological oceanography. It is structured like most textbooks of general ecology, leading from more elemental entities (individuals having to cope with their environment) to increasingly overarching entities, from populations over communities and ecosystems to the biogeochemistry of the entire planet and, finally, an overview over the major human impacts on the aquatic components of the earth system. The book provides examples for all major theoretical concepts of general ecology while the usual ecology textbooks have a strong terrestrial bias and rely only on few aquatic examples. This book takes the contrasting approach, motivated by the fact the fact that life originated from aquatic systems and that surface waters cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface. The choice of studies used as examplesin Freshwater and Marine Ecology provides a balanced mix of freshwater and marine studies, of field observations, experimental and modeling studies. The readers are confronted with very recent work leading to the forefront of contemporaneous research but also with classic studies which laid the foundations of theory development in the field. Freshwater and Marine Ecology is a comprehensive text ideally serving for undergraduate courses in biological oceanography, limnology, and ecology, but also for advanced students, teachers and scientists who had limited exposure to aquatic sciences and/or ecology during their studies.

This book is a case-based resource detailing the latest diagnostic and management strategies applicable to a number of carefully selected situations in clinical gynecological oncology. It emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to tackling difficult and unique clinical presentations. Each chapter presents a specific pathology and features descriptions of clinical scenarios and presentations that are both commonly and rarely encountered. Techniques and strategies for ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancer are discussed in accordance with the latest evidence-based knowledge on the topic. Relevant "tips and tricks" are identified in each chapter to assist the reader in developing a thorough understanding of the topics discussed and enhance their decision making skills.Case-Based Gynecological Oncology is a practical guide to clinical presentations of a range of conditions encountered in the field, making it a valuable resource for all clinicians who encounter these patients in their day-to-day practice.

Katalog monochromatischer Koronastrahlen 1957/1958.

Although the Lucas sequences were known to earlier investigators such as Lagrange, Legendre and Genocchi, it is because of the enormous number and variety of results involving them, revealed by Édouard Lucas between 1876 and 1880, that they are now named after him. Since Lucas¿ early work, much more has been discovered concerning these remarkable mathematical objects, and the objective of this book is to provide a much more thorough discussion of them than is available in existing monographs. In order to do this a large variety of results, currently scattered throughout the literature, are brought together. Various sections are devoted to the intrinsic arithmetic properties of these sequences, primality testing, the Lucasnomials, some associated density problems and Lucas¿ problem of finding a suitable generalization of them. Furthermore, their application, not only to primality testing, but also to integer factoring, efficient solution of quadratic and cubic congruences, cryptography and Diophantine equations are briefly discussed. Also, many historical remarks are sprinkled throughout the book, and a biography of Lucas is included as an appendix.Much of the book is not intended to be overly detailed. Rather, the objective is to provide a good, elementary and clear explanation of the subject matter without too much ancillary material. Most chapters, with the exception of the second and the fourth, will address a particular theme, provide enough information for the reader to get a feel for the subject and supply references to more comprehensive results. Most of this work should be accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of elementary number theory and abstract algebra. The book¿s intended audience is number theorists, both professional and amateur, students and enthusiasts.

Sektion A.- 1 Qualitätssicherung und Risikomanagement.- Qualitätsmanagement.- "Risikomanagement".- Verhalten bei und nach Zwischenfällen.- Resümee.- 2 Risikovermeidung - Simulatoren in der Anästhesie.- Training am Simulator.- Konzepte des Krisenmanagements.- Chancen und Perspektiven durch Simulatortraining.- 3 Monitoringstandards.- Bedeutung von Standards.- Monitoringparameter.- Empfehlungen deutschsprachiger Fachgesellschaften.- Europäische Norm EN 740.- Zusammenfassung.- Sektion B.- 4 Herz-Kreislauf-System.- Intraoperativer Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand.- Akuter Myokardinfarkt, akute Myokardischämie.- Arrhythmien.- Herzschrittmacherpatienten.- 5 Respirationstrakt.- Monitoring zur Erkennung respiratorischer Komplikationen.- Respiratorische Insuffizienz.- Veränderung der respiratorischen Funktion unter der Anästhesie.- Dekompensation der respiratorischen Funktion (bei vorbestehenden pulmonalen Funktionseinschränkungen).- Atemwegsobstruktion.- Akut auftretende pulmonale Funktionseinschränkungen.- Fehlerhaftes oder fehlerhaft verwendetes Anästhesiegerät.- 6 Neurologie.- Erhöhter intrakranieller Druck.- Postoperative emotionale Störungen.- Nichterwachen nach Anästhesie.- Postoperative Verwirrtheitszustände.- Das zentral-anticholinergische Syndrom.- 7 Renales System.- Beurteilung der Nierenfunktion.- Veränderung der Nierenfunktion unter Anästhesie.- Oligurie.- Polyurie.- Anästhesie bei Patienten mit eingeschränkter oder fehlender Nierenfunktion.- Harnretention.- 8 Perioperativ relevante Störungen des Flüssigkeitsund Elektrolythaushaltes.- Physiologie.- Störungen des Flüssigkeitshaushalts.- Störungen des Elektrolythaushalts.- 9 Störungen der Synthese oder der Funktion des Hämoglobins.- Sichelzellerkrankung.- Porphyrien.- Methämoglobinämie.- 10 Gerinnungsstörungen - Thrombose - Lungenembolie.- Physiologie - Pharmakologie.- Diagnostik.- Therapie.- Häufige perioperative Gerinnungsstörungen.- Thrombose.- Lungenembolie.- Heparininduzierte Thrombozytopenie.- 11 Endokrines System.- Diabetes mellitus.- Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen.- Funktionsstörungen der Nebenschilddrüse.- Funktionsstörungen der Nebenniere.- Störungen der Hypophyse.- Adipositas.- 12 Lebererkrankungen und Anästhesie.- Anatomie und Physiologie.- Pathologie und Pathophysiologie.- Medikamentenclearance.- Anästhesievorbereitung bei Lebererkrankungen.- Anästhesie.- Volatile Anästhestika.- Sektion C.- 13 Unmittelbare Reaktionen auf Lokalanästhetika.- Systemische Reaktionen.- Methämoglobinämie.- Allergie.- Lokale Intoxikation des Gewebes.- Systemische Reaktionen aufVasokonstriktoren.- Wertung.- 14 Rückenmarknahe Leitungsanästhesien (RMNLA).- Kardiovaskuläre Veränderungen.- Plötzlicher Herzstillstand.- Ateminsuffizienz.- Übelkeit und Erbrechen.- Blasen- und Darmstörungen.- Postspinaler Kopfschmerz.- Rückenschmerzem.- Akzidenteile intravasale Injektion.- Massive Epiduralanästhesie.- Totale Spinalanästhesie.- Katheterkomplikationen.- Bronchospasmus.- Neurologische Komplikationen.- Gerinnungshemmende Medikamente und RMLNA.- Aseptische Meningitis.- Pneumozephalus.- Präexistente Erkrankungen des Zentralnervensystems.- Diabetes und periphere Neuropathie.- Wertung.- 15 Brachiale Plexusblockade.- 16 Intravenöse Regionalanästhesie.- 17 Epidurale Opioide.- 18 Neurolytische Blockaden.- Neurolytische Substanzen.- Allgemeine Komplikationen.- Spezielle neurolytische Blockaden.- Sektion D.- 19 Kombinierte Anästhesieverfahren.- Neurologische Komplikationen.- Hämodynamische Komplikationen.- Weitere potentielle Komplikationen.- 20 Atemwegssicherung.- Erschwerte bzw. unmögliche Intubation.- Larynxmaske.- 21 Aspiration und präoperative Nahrungskarenz.- Inzidenz perioperativer Aspiration.- Lagerung.- Ursachen und Risikofaktoren der perioperativen Aspiration.- Präoperative Nahrungskarenz.- 22 Kritische Störungen der Beatmung.- Pathophysiologie.- Ursachen für Störungen der Ventilation, ihre Behandlung bzw. Vermeidung.- Verlegte Atemwege

This book gathers new empirical findings fostering advances in the areas of communication design and branding, with a special emphasis of interdisciplinary approaches showing how to combine knowledge in those fields to improve businesses in a digital, global world. Gathering original, peer-reviewed contributions written by designers, computer scientists, marketer and product managers, this book provides both the communication and branding communities with a timely snapshot of current strategies and best-practices to improve different kinds of business through design. By highlighting current challenges, it is also intended to inspire and foster collaboration between different groups, in both university and industry.

This book addresses how peer group mentoring in higher education can contribute to the development of supportive and collaborative working environments for faculty staff. It draws on an extensive empirical study examining how group based peer-mentoring methods are implemented and experimented within four different academic communities at one university, and documents how these environments and their participants experience peer group mentoring as a collaborative measure in the development of teaching and supervision practices. The book presents a literature review of research on peer group mentoring in higher education and provides the conceptual grounding for the book, placing peer group mentoring within the field of faculty development.The work presents analyses of the enactment of peer group mentoring in different environments and of faculty peers' engagement and collaboration with colleagues within the same teacher community, across teaching and supervision communities and across institutional boundaries. It also discusses the significance of trust in these peer group mentoring settings, summarises the implications of the reported findings and addresses the role this peer based approach might play in developing supportive collegiality in higher education as a working environment.

This quick-reference guide is the first book written specifically for the many third- and fourth-year medical students rotating on the cardiac surgery service. The book focuses on the diagnosis and management of the most common pathologic entities. Each chapter covers history, physical examination, imaging, and common diagnoses. For each diagnosis, the book sets out the typical presentation, options for non-operative and operative management, and expected outcomes. Chapters include key illustrations, quick-reference charts, tables, diagrams, and bulleted lists. Students can read the text from cover to cover to gain a general foundation of knowledge that can be built upon when they begin their rotation, then use specific chapters to review a sub-specialty before starting a new rotation or seeing a patient with a sub-specialty attending. Topics covered include bypass, valve repair and replacement, heart and lung transplantation, congenital heart defects, aortic trauma, and much more.Practical and user-friendly, Cardiac Surgery Clerkship is the ideal, on-the-spot resource for medical students and practitioners seeking fast facts on diagnosis and management. Its bullet-pointed outline format makes it a perfect quick reference, and its content breadth covers the most commonly encountered problems in clinical practice.

This edited volume explores the tension between reason and sentiment in democracies and its contribution to the decline of liberalism. Bringing together classical liberal scholars with a deep knowledge of public choice ideas, the chapters delve into this tension from a variety of perspectives. Building on the principle of entangled political economy, as articulated by Richard E. Wagner, this volume engages with new facets of the relationship between choice and consequence and their implications for democratic politics. Advocating for a reframing of public choice theory as compatible with civic republicanism, this volume will be of interest to students and scholars of public choice, political economy, political theory, governance, and economic policy.

I Background.- 1 Introduction and Overview.- 1.1 Sources and Notes.- 2 Foundations of Financial Economics.- 2.1 Historic Overview.- 2.2 Utility Theory and Risk Aversion.- 2.3 Market Equilibrium.- 2.4 International Financial Economics.- 2.5 Sources and Notes.- II Methodological Foundations.- 3 Variational Inequalities.- 3.1 The Variational Inequality Problem.- 3.2 Qualitative Properties.- 3.3 Algorithms.- 3.3.1 Projection Methods.- 3.3.2 Basic Decomposition Algorithms.- 3.4 Sources and Notes.- 4 Projected Dynamical Systems.- 4.1 A Projected Dynamical System.- 4.2 Stability Analysis.- 4.3 Algorithms.- 4.4 Sources and Notes.- 5 Nonlinear Networks.- 5.1 Network Optimization Problems.- 5.1.1 Special Objective Functions.- 5.1.2 Special Network Topology.- 5.1.3 Special Objective Functions and Topologies.- 5.1.4 Separable Nonlinear Optimization Problem.- 5.2 Network Optimization Algorithms.- 5.2.1 The Primal Truncated Newton Method.- 5.2.2 The Splitting Equilibration Algorithm.- 5.2.3 An Exact Equilibration Algorithm.- 5.2.4 A Primal-Dual Decomposition Method.- 5.3 Network Equilibrium Problems.- 5.4 Network Equilibrium Algorithms.- 5.4.1 The Projection Method.- 5.4.2 A General Equilibration Algorithm for Separable Link.- Cost Functions.- 5.5 Dynamic Network Problems.- 5.5.1 Tatonnement Processes for Network Equilibrium Problems.- 5.5.2 Discrete Time Algorithms.- 5.6 Sources and Notes.- III Single Country Models.- 6 Static Single Country Models.- 6.1 A General Utility Function Model.- 6.1.1 Quadratic Utility Functions.- 6.2 Qualitative Properties.- 6.3 Network Optimization Reformulation.- 6.4 Computation of Financial Equilibria.- 6.4.1 The Modified Projection Method.- 6.4.2 The Primal-Dual Method.- 6.5 Sources and Notes.- 7 Static Single Country Hedging Models.- 7.1 Models with Futures.- 7.1.1 Quadratic Utility Functions.- 7.2 Qualitative Properties.- 7.3 Network Optimization Reformulation.- 7.4 Computation of Equilibria with Futures.- 7.4.1 Numerical Examples.- 7.5 Models with Options.- 7.6 Qualitative Properties.- 7.7 Network Optimization Reformulation.- 7.8 Sources and Notes.- 8 Dynamic Single Country Models.- 8.1 Dynamic Perfect Market Financial Models.- 8.1.1 A Dynamic General Utility Function Model.- 8.1.2 A Dynamic Financial Model with Futures.- 8.1.3 A Dynamic Financial Model with Options.- 8.2 Stability Analysis.- 8.3 A Discrete Time Algorithm.- 8.3.1 Euler Method for the Section 8.1.1 Model.- 8.3.2 Euler Method for the Section 8.1.2 Model.- 8.3.3 Euler Method for the Section 8.1.3 Model.- 8.3.4 Numerical Examples.- 8.4 Sources and Notes.- 9 Static Imperfect Market Models.- 9.1 A General Imperfect Market Model.- 9.1.1 Quadratic Utility Functions.- 9.2 Qualitative Properties.- 9.3 Network Optimization in a Special Case.- 9.4 Computation of Imperfect Market Equilibria.- 9.4.1 The Modified Projection Method.- 9.4.2 Numerical Examples.- 9.4.3 The Primal-Dual Method.- 9.5 Sources and Notes.- 10 Dynamic Imperfect Market Models.- 10.1 The Dynamic Imperfect Financial Model.- 10.2 Stability Analysis.- 10.3 A Discrete Time Algorithm.- 10.3.1 Numerical Examples.- 10.4 Sources and Notes.- IV International Models.- 11 International Financial Models.- 11.1 Static International Financial Models.- 11.1.1 Quadratic Utility Functions.- 11.2 Qualitative Properties.- 11.2.1 Comparative Statics.- 11.3 International Financial Adjustment Process.- 11.4 Stability Analysis.- 11.5 Network Optimization Reformulation.- 11.6 Computation of International Equilibria.- 11.6.1 The Modified Projection Method.- 11.6.2 The Euler Method.- 11.6.3 Numerical Examples.- 11.7 Sources and Notes.- 12 International Models with Hedging.- 12.1 International Hedging Models.- 12.1.1 Special Cases and Variants of the International Hedging Model.- 12.2 Qualitative Analysis.- 12.3 International Financial Adjustment Process.- 12.4 Stability Analysis.- 12.5 Network Optimization Reformulation.- 12.6 Computational Methods.- 12.6.1 Modified Projection Method.- 12.6.2 Euler Method...

This book examines human rights and penitentiary law in Central Eastern European and Latin American countries from a comparative perspective. How are penitentiary systems and human rights currently being transformed in both regions? This question guides contributors hailing from both Central Eastern Europe and Latin America, filling the gaps at both the international and national level. The book compares Central Eastern European countries with Latin American countries, shedding new light on similarities and differences alike.The main themes of this book are the analysis of penitentiary systems in different countries and a general analysis of criminal and criminological issues. The respective chapters examine how penitentiary laws are changing within different contexts and regulatory regimes. The book seeks to cross boundaries to understand new divisions, fragmentations, and forms of authoritarianism in today's world, more specifically in Poland, North Macedonia, Chile, Argentina, Peru and Mexico.

The evolution of genome's modification by genetic engineering was characterized by a major technological breakthrough with the discovery of CRISPR in 2012. A distinction is now made between first-generation biotechnologies developed in the 20th century and current second-generation biotechnologies, NGT or New Genomic Techniques, including genome editing. How do we consider these genomic modifications compared to those that occur spontaneously in nature? What are the applications of these techniques in the fields of plants, animals, and human health? What prospects in terms of development and independence for countries and at least what regulations are in force on the different continents?The book questions what GMOs are, genome editing products and the place of genomic transformations today and tomorrow in our societies. It tries to give some geostrategic and regulatory benchmarks on biotech products in order to better understand the current issues.

This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview on palliative care for patients with hematologic malignancies and other serious blood disorders. The text reviews the unique needs of this patient population, management strategies for hematologists/oncologists and palliative care clinician collaboration, and issues salient to the provision of palliative care, including communication, decision-making, advance care planning, symptom management, ethics, and nursing considerations. The book also spotlights special hematology populations, such as pediatric and older adult patients, and issues pertaining to the care of patients with blood disorders at the end of life.Divided into four sections, this book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview on palliative care for patients with hematologic malignancies and other serious blood disorders.Written by experts in the field, Palliative Care for Hematologic Malignancies and Serious Blood Disorders: A Clinical Guide is a valuable resource that will support and guide clinicians as they care for this patient population and address their particular needs.

Tiel I Grundlangen.- 1 Historische Einführung.- 2 Spezielle Anatomie des Halses und der oberen Atemwege.- 3 Erkennen eines schwierigen Atemwegs.- 4 Überwachung der Sicherung freier - Atemwege Monitoring.- Tiel II Klinisches Atemwegsmanagement.- 5 Algorithmus.- 5.1 Einführung.- 5.2 Mainzer Algorithmus zur Atemwegssicherung während klinischer Anasthesie.- 5.3 The New Haven Algorithm for the Evaluation of the "Unknown" Airway.- 6 Standardsituationen des erwartet schwierigen Atemwegs.- 6.1 Halswirbelsäulenpathologien und Atemwegsmanagement.- 6.2 Der schwierige Atemweg in der Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie - Anatomie und häufige Krankheitsbilder.- 6.3 Fremdkörperaspiration.- 6.4 Klinisches Atemwegsmanagement - Besonderheiten im Kindesalter.- 6.5 Grundlagen, Indikation und Durchführung der Ein-Lungen-Ventilation.- 7 Der unerwartet schwierige Atemweg.- 7.1 Allgemeine Grundlagen.- 7.2 Algorithmen, Richtlinien, Empfehlungen.- 7.3 Apnoische Oxygenierung.- Tiel III Präklinisches Atemwegsmanagement.- 8 Philosophie und Konzept.- 9 Algorithmus - Präklinisches Atemwegsmanagement.- 10 Vorgehen bei speziellen Verletzungsmustern und Krankheitsbildern.- 10.1 Atemwegsmanagement bei Schädel-Hirn-Trauma, Halsverletzungen und beim Einklemmungstrauma.- 10.2 Anaphylaxie, Verätzungen, Verbrennungen.- 10.3 Atemwegsobstruktion, Fremdkörperaspiration.- 11 Besonderheiten im Kindesalter: Krupp/Pseudokrupp, Epiglottitis.- Tiel IV Besonders empfohlene Techniken und Instrumente.- 12 Notfallbeatmung mit einfachen Hilfsmitteln.- 13 Endotracheale Intubation.- 13.1 Allgemeine Grundlagen.- 13.2 Laryngoskope und Intubationsspatel.- 13.3 Intubation Techniques for Unanticipated Difficult Direct Laryngoscopy: Stylets and Introducers.- 13.4 Starre Tracheoskope/Bronchoskope ("Notrohr").- 13.5 Intubationsfiberskope.- 13.5.1 Flexible Intubationsfiberskope.- 13.5.2 Starre Intubationsfiberskope.- 13.5.3 Fiberoptische Intubation - Wiederaufbereitung.- 13.6 Endotrachealtuben.- 14 Alternative Techniken und Instrurnente.- 14.1 Larynxmaske.- 14.2 Intubationslarynxmaske.- 14.3 Larynxtubus.- 14.4 Combitube - Ösophagotrachealer Doppellumentubus.- 14.5 EasyTube.- 14.6 Jet-Ventilation/tracheale Sauerstoffinsufflation.- 15 Chirurgischer Zugang zum schwierigen Atemweg.- V Qualitätsmanagement, Ausbildung und Training.- 16 Qualitätsmanagernent und Dokumentation.- 17 Ausbildung und Training.- 17.1 Ziele/Zielgruppen.- 17.2 Atemwegsmanagement-Training an der Klinik für Anästhesiologie des Klinikums der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.- 17.3 Airway Education.- VI Ausblick und Zukunftsperspektiven.- 18 Intubationsfiberskope (starr/flexibel) für die Präklinik.- 19 Videolaryngoscopy.- 20 Fiberendoskope für die Neonatologie.

Nuclear Vibrations and Force Constants.- Some Aspects of the Quantumchemical Interpretation of Integrated Intensities of Infrared Absorption Bands.- The Orbital Concept as a Foundation for Photoelectron Spectroscopy.- The Equivalent Bond Orbital Model and the Interpretation of PE Spectra.- Through-space and Through-bond Interactions as Mirrored in Photoelectron Spectra.- Penning Ionization - The Outer Shape of Molecules.- The Meaning and Distribution of Atomic Charges in Molecules.- Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) - Basic Features and Their Model Description.- Experimental Momentum-Space Chemistry by (e, 2e) Spectroscopy.- Theoretical Parameters of NMR Spectroscopy.- Theoretical Approaches to ESR Spectroscopy.- Rovibrational Averaging of Molecular Electronic Properties.- Properties of Molecules in Excited States.- Semiclassical Interpretation of Intramolecular Interactions.- The Analysis of Potential Energy Surfaces in Terms of the Diabatic Surface Model.

Content.- 1 Water Quality Management: Western Experiences and Challenges for Central and Eastern European Countries.- 1. Introduction and Background.- 2. Pollution Control Imperatives.- 3. Standards For Pollution Control.- 4. Water Pollution Control In The U.S..- 5. Challenges To Cee Countries.- 6. Institutions.- 7. Closing Remarks.- References.- 2 Use of Water Quality Models.- 1. Why and When Water Quality Modeling Is Needed.- 2. The Waste Load Allocation Process.- 3. Water Quality Models and Their Application.- 4. Selection and Application Criteria For Water Flow And Quality Models.- 5. Modeling Scenarios In The Wla (Tmdl) Processes.- References.- 3 Models for Reservoirs, Lakes and Wetlands.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Eco-Technological Aspects Of Watershed Management.- 3. Mathematical Models For Reservoir Water Quality Management.- 4. Model Categorization According To Water Quality Problems and Management Options For Their Solution.- 5. Models For Pollution Sources.- 6. Models For Pollution Consequences For Lakes And Reservoirs.- 7. Watershed Management Alternatives.- 8. Models For In-Lake and In-Reservoir Management Alternatives.- 9. Models For Quality Management Of Reservoir Outflow Water.- 10. Models For Prediction Of The Effect Of An Impoundment On Water Quality Of Its Outflow.- 11. Wetland Management Models.- 12. Integrated (Real Time) Management Of A Lake, Reservoir Or Wetland.- 13. Research Needs For Ecotechnological Water Quality Models.- 14. Conclusions.- References.- 4 Modeling Toxic Contaminants in an Aquatic Environment.- 1. Use Of Toxic Substance Models.- 2. Important Processes For Contaminants In An Aquatic Ecosystem.- 3. Characteristic Features and Classification Of Ecotoxicological Models.- 4. An Overview Of Toxic Substance Models For Aquatic Overview.- 5. A Case Study: A Mercury Model For Mex Bay, Alexandria (Egypt).- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 5 Sediment Toxicity and Equilibrium Partitioning Development of Sediment Quality Criteria for Toxic Substances.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Toxicity and Bioavailability Of Nonionic Organic Chemicals In Sediments.- 3. Toxicity and Bioavailability Of Metals In Sediments.- References.- 6 Contaminated Sediments and Remediation-Geochemical Perspective.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Identification Of Sources and Temporal Developments.- 3. Sediment Quality Criteria.- 4. Remediation Procedures For Dredged Sediments.- References.- 7 Assessment and Impact of Large Scale Metal Polluted Sites.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Capacity and Intensity Controlling Parameters.- 3. Case Studies.- References.- 8 Groundwater Remediation and Modeling.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Groundwater Contamination.- 3. Groundwater Remediation.- 4. Groundwater Modeling.- 5. Modeling Case Studies.- References.- Appendix: Sources For Computer Programs.- 9 Wastewater Treatment Technology, Economy and Politics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Regulatory Issues.- 3. Less Expensive Technologies.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- Appendix 1.- 10 Wastewater Treatment Process Development in Central and Eastern Europe-Strategies for a Stepwise Development Involving Chemical And Biological Treatment.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Wastewater Management.- 3. Wastewater Treatment Methods For Eastern and Central Europe.- 4. Selection Of Local Wastewater Treatment Strategy.- 5. Economy.- 6. Step-Wise Development Of Wastewater Treatment Plants.- 7. Discussion.- 8. Conclusions.- 9. Summary.- References.- 11 Factors Affecting Water Quality of (Large) Rivers-Past Experiences and Future Outlook.- I: Present Views and State-of-the-Art.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Present View-The Situation Of The River Neckar and Its Relevance For Other River Systems.- 3. Future Outlook-Which Factors Are Still Relevant And Which Have Emerged As New?.- 4. Conclusions-What Developments Have Already Begun Today And What Is To Be Done Tomorrow.- References.- II: Future Outlook.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Increase Of Future Knowledge By Model Application Or Scientific Research.- References.-...

This book reflects general trends in the study of geometric aspects of functional analysis, understood in a broad sense. A classical theme in the local theory of Banach spaces is the study of probability measures in high dimension and the concentration of measure phenomenon. Here this phenomenon is approached from different angles, including through analysis on the Hamming cube, and via quantitative estimates in the Central Limit Theorem under thin-shell and related assumptions. Classical convexity theory plays a central role in this volume, as well as the study of geometric inequalities. These inequalities, which are somewhat in spirit of the Brunn-Minkowski inequality, in turn shed light on convexity and on the geometry of Euclidean space. Probability measures with convexity or curvature properties, such as log-concave distributions, occupy an equally central role and arise in the study of Gaussian measures and non-trivial properties of the heat flow in Euclidean spaces. Also discussed are interactions of this circle of ideas with linear programming and sampling algorithms, including the solution of a question in online learning algorithms using a classical convexity construction from the 19th century.

T. Stoltenberg: Foreword.- L. Hedegaard, B. Lindström: The Northern Dimension, Russia and the Prospects for NEBI Integration.- K. Peschel: Economic Integration: R. Jochimsen: The Accession of Finland and the Non-Accession of Other NEBI States to EMU: Implications for Economic Integration in the NEBI Area.- V. Norman: Effects of Globalization on Production, Trade and Factor Prices in the Northern Countries.- T. Andersen: Globalisation and the Welfare State.- Å. Andersson: Northern Europe in the Global Economy.- K. Bolz, A. Polkowski: Core Problems Facing Poland and Estonia Prior to EU Membership.- C.-E. Stålvant: Spatial Planning and the Environment: M. Welp: Defining Integrated Coastal Management for the Baltic Sea Region.- M. Feldman: Urban Waterfront Regeneration in the Baltic States: The Case of Tallinn.- A. Alkhimenko: Secure Developement of the St Petersburg Region: An Imperative, Not an Option.- P. Holtrup: The Oder 'Flood of the Century': Consequences for a Transboundary Flood Protection Concept.- A. Baklanov, R. Bergman: Radioactive Sources in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region: Are there Reasons to Be Concerned?.- A. Östhol: Transborder Regional Co-Operation: T. Christiansen: Between 'In' and 'Out': EU Integration and Regional Policy-making in North-eastern Europe.- V. Sergeyev: The Nordic Countries and Russia: Prospects for Co-operation.- A. Paasi: The Finnish-Russian Border in a World of De-territorialisation.- U. Wiberg: The Barents Region in European Spatial Planning.- A. Wieslander: Building the Oresund Region.- P. Joenniemi: Political Integration, Territorial Governance and Security: H. Mouritzen: High Politics in Northern Europe: Recent Developments and their Interpretation.- E. Andersen, R. Vetik: National Integration inEstonia: Ethnic and Regional Problems in a Transitional Society.- L. Fairlie: Kaliningrad: Recent Changes in Russia`s Exclave on the Baltic Sea.- J. Bäckman: The Inflation of Crime in Russia: Paradoxes of a Threat Around the Baltic Sea.- J. Jauhiainen: The Conversion of Military Areas in the Baltic States.- G. Honneland: Borders, Orders and Identies in the New European North.- J. Köll: North European and Baltic Statistics.

The present book develops the mathematical and numerical analysis of linear, elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with coefficients whose logarithms are modelled as Gaussian random fields (GRFs), in polygonal and polyhedral physical domains. Both, forward and Bayesian inverse PDE problems subject to GRF priors are considered.Adopting a pathwise, affine-parametric representation of the GRFs, turns the random PDEs into equivalent, countably-parametric, deterministic PDEs, with nonuniform ellipticity constants. A detailed sparsity analysis of Wiener-Hermite polynomial chaos expansions of the corresponding parametric PDE solution families by analytic continuation into the complex domain is developed, in corner- and edge-weighted function spaces on the physical domain.The presented Algorithms and results are relevant for the mathematical analysis of many approximation methods for PDEs with GRF inputs, such as model order reduction, neural network and tensor-formatted surrogates of parametric solution families. They are expected to impact computational uncertainty quantification subject to GRF models of uncertainty in PDEs, and are of interest for researchers and graduate students in both, applied and computational mathematics, as well as in computational science and engineering.

Erster Teil: Ausmaß, Ursachen und Folgen der weltweiten Waldzerstörung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vernichtung tropischer Wälder.- Zweiter Teil: Maßnahmen, Handlungsmöglichkeiten und Empfehlungen zum internationalen Waldschutz.- Dritter Teil: Der internationale Handel mit Holz und Holzprodukten und die Problematik der Vereinbarkeit von Freihandelsprinzipien mit Umweltschutzmaßnahmen.- Summary.

vacuum BoylianumNeues System der Ionentheorie.- 11 Der Chemieunterricht.- Franklands staatlich geförderte Chemie.- Armstrongs heuristische Methode.- Die Entwicklung des Unterrichts im 20. Jahrhundert.- Das Labor.- 12 Chemische Neuigkeiten.- Die Gründung chemischer Gesellschaften.- Die chemische Zeitschrift.- William Crookes, chemischer Publizist.- 13 Die Natur der chemischen Bindung.- Das Lewis-Atom.- Die Verbreitung der elektronischen Theorie.- Die Pauling-Bindung.- 14 Struktur und Mechanismus in der organischen Chemie.- Die Tradition Lapworth-Thiele-Robinson.- Die Michael-Flürscheim-Vorländer-Tradition.- Die elektronische Theorie organischer Reaktionen.- Die Struktur der organischen Chemie wird geordnet.- Die Kinetik von Mechanismen.- Die Ausbreitung der physikalischen organischen Chemie.- Aromatizität.- Die Ionen-Debatte über nicht-klassische Ionen.- Schlußbemerkung.- 15 Die Renaissance der anorganischen Chemie.- Werners neue Ideen.- Sidgwicks elektronische Interpretation der Koordinationschemie.- Die australische Chemie.- Die Chemie in Australien und Japan.- Die Koordinationschemie in Australien.- Die Renaissance Nyholms.- Schlußbemerkung.- 16 Im Zeichen des Benzolrings.- Die Synthese.- Die industrielle Chemie.- Chemie und Umwelt.- Epilog.- Museen und Sammlungen zur Geschichte der Chemie.- Anmerkungen.- Bibliographie.- Sachwortverzeichnis.

1 Introduction to shape optimization.- 1.1. Preface.- 2 Preliminaries and the material derivative method.- 2.1. Domains in ?N of class Ck.- Surface measures on ?.- 2.3. Functional spaces.- 2.4. Linear elliptic boundary value problems.- 2.5. Shape functionals.- 2.6. Shape functionals for problems governed by linear elliptic boundary value problems.- 2.6.1. Shape functionals for transmission problems.- 2.6.2. Approximation of homogenuous Dirichlet problems.- 2.7. Convergence of domains.- 2.8. Transformations Tt of domains.- 2.9. The speed method.- 2.10. Admissible speed vector fields Vk(D).- 2.11. Eulerian derivatives of shape functionals.- 2.12. Non-differentiable shape functionals.- 2.13. Properties of Tt transformations.- 2.14. Differentiability of transported functions.- 2.15. Derivatives for t > 0.- 2.16. Derivatives of domain integrals.- 2.17. Change of variables in boundary integrals.- 2.18. Derivatives of boundary integrals.- 2.19. The tangential divergence of the field V on ?.- 2.20. Tangential gradients and Laplace-Beltrami operators on ?.- 2.21. Variational problems on ?.- 2.22. The transport of differential operators.- 2.23. Integration by parts on ?.- 2.24. The transport of Laplace-Beltrami operators.- 2.25. Material derivatives.- 2.26. Material derivatives on ?.- 2.27. The material derivative of a solution to the Laplace equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions.- 2.28. Strong material derivatives for Dirichlet problems.- 2.29. The material derivative of a solution to the Laplace equation with Neumann boundary conditions.- 2.30. Shape derivatives.- 2.31. Derivatives of domain integrals (II).- 2.32. Shape derivatives on ?.- 2.33. Derivatives of boundary integrals.- 3 Shape derivatives for linear problems.- 3.1. The shape derivative for the Dirichlet boundary value problem.- 3.2. The shape derivative for the Neumann boundary value problem.- 3.3. Necessary optimality conditions.- 3.4. Parabolic equations.- 3.4.1 Neumann boundary conditions.- 3.4.2 Dirichlet boundary conditions.- 3.5. Shape sensitivity in elasticity.- 3.6. Shape sensitivity analysis of the smallest eigenvalue.- 3.7. Shape sensitivity analysis of the Kirchhoff plate.- 3.8. Shape derivatives of boundary integrals: the non-smooth case in ?2.- 3.9. Shape sensitivity analysis of boundary value problems with singularities.- 3.10. Hyperbolic initial boundary value problems.- 4 Shape sensitivity analysis of variational inequalities.- 4.1. Differential stability of the metric projection in Hilbert spaces.- 4.2. Sensitivity analysis of variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces.- 4.3. The obstacle problem in H1 (?).- 4.3.1. Differentiability of the Newtonian capacity.- 4.3.2. The shape controlability of the free boundary.- 4.4. The Signorini problem.- 4.5. Variational inequalities of the second kind.- 4.6. Sensitivity analysis of the Signorini problem in elasticity.- 4.6.1. Differential stability of solutions to variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces.- 4.6.2. Shape sensitivity analysis.- 4.7. The Signorini problem with given friction.- 4.7.1. Shape sensitivity analysis.- 4.8. Elasto-Plastic torsion problems.- 4.9. Elasto-Visco-Plastic problems.- References.

This book brings together the exciting new findings that will bring us closer to a better understanding of the alterations of neuronal connectivity in autistic brains. This volume authoritatively covers the epidemiology, physiology, neurodevelopment, genetics, environmental influences, imaging studies, neuroanatomy, and neurochemistry of autism spectrum disorders. While the neurobiology of autism is still a long way from being understood, this book posits techniques, such as using brain imaging to find signatures in early days of life, that could help move the diagnosis and help identify neural pathways. Understanding these mechanisms opens the possibility to pharmacological, behavioral, and psychosocial therapeutic interventions. With contributions from the leading international autism researchers, Neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders is the go-to reference for researchers and clinicians with an interest in understanding the underlying neurobiology of autism spectrum disorders.

This edited collection from across the African continent offers a diverse set of analytical accounts that engage with the urban governance dynamics, drivers and impacts of a wide variety of housing initiatives. These include insights into the relationships between parties and actors undertaking developments, or whose housing activities impact on the city. The book illustrates issues of power distribution, the visions or agendas motivating these actions, and the instruments used to advance them. It considers the rise of mega housing projects; private sector driven residential developments; unobtrusive transformations of existing building stock, establishment and upgrading of informal settlements; and state driven low cost housing schemes. It surfaces the contestation, collaborations and conflicts as well as the power relations that operate within cities and which are made visible on cityscapes. Housing and human settlement scholars as well as those interested in urban politicsand governance dynamics in the global south and across the African continent will find much to appreciate in this volume.

This comprehensive reference work presents an up-to-date survey of the current scientific understanding of the metabolic syndrome, as well as an overview of the most significant advances in the field. The book offers a thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome and will prove an indispensable resource for clinicians, researchers and students. The obesity epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that surround the problem. Much attention has been focused on excessive consumption of energy-dense food, sedentary lifestyle, and other behaviors that contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. However, obesity is a highly complex condition that is influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. The metabolic syndrome comprises of central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dsylipidemia. The incidence of metabolic syndrome is growing worldwide, affecting more than one-third of adults in some countries. The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease and stroke, and it is closely associated with fatty liver, dementia, cancer, sleep apnea, kidney failure, and other diseases. This reference work covers the full range of scientific and clinical aspects of obesity and metabolic syndrome: epidemiology, genetics, environmental factors, pathophysiology, diseases associated with obesity, pediatric obesity, and clinical management.

This book presents the most common types of instabilities arising in classical field theories, namely tachyonic, Laplacian, ghost-like or strong coupling instabilities, also commenting on their quantum implications. The authors provide a detailed account on the Ostrogradski theorem and its implications for higher-order time-derivative field theories. After presenting the general concepts and formalism, they dive into its applications to particular field theories, using mainly modified gravity theories as examples. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate/graduate students, but can also be useful for researchers, for having a unified exposition of general results on instabilities in field theory and examples of their applications.

This captivating and clinically illuminating title presents the story of Dr. Michele Pato's personal experience with traumatic brain injury (TBI). With profound candor and humor, Dr. Pato chronicles her journey through the enormous physical, psychological, and emotional challenges encountered following her accident, treatment, and recovery. After years of rehabilitation and reflection, Pato relays her extraordinary story through an engrossing narrative that simultaneously pedagogically serves clinicians who treat TBI, while also offering important insights for patients and caregivers affected by TBI. Across 18 chapters, Pato addresses each physiological aspect of her treatment and recovery, including her battles with aphasia, neuromuscular and memory issues, tinnitus, and vertigo - to name just several of the setbacks she had to overcome. The book also details Pato's struggle to recover while negotiating a multitude of roles: maintaining a physician-researcher leadership position in academic medicine; managing relationships with her husband (a prominent physician-scientist as well), interacting with family and friends; and, most of all, overcoming the emotional frustrations associated with long-term physical recovery, such as relearning what were once innate motor and speech skills. A riveting account of personal injury that was met with extraordinary determination, patience, grace, and commitment to recovery, Nerve is a unique and valuable resource for clinicians, patients, caregivers and anyone else whose life has been touched by TBI