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In this book, the author conducts extensive spectroscopy experiments beyond the bounds of each transition element to clarify origins of characteristic spectral features and charge dynamics in charge-spin-orbital coupled phenomena in Mott-transition oxides.

Included are recent findings regarding the oxidation mechanisms of ammonia, nitrite, sulfur compounds, and ferrous iron by special bacteria. Applications of bacteria, such as in sewage treatment and in biohydometallurgy, among others, are detailed, and bacteria considered closest to the origins of life are discussed in the final chapter.

The purpose of this book is to describe hearing problems which are caused by various kinds of brain diseases in the central auditory pathway. It explains what happens in patients when the bilateral auditory nerve and auditory cortex are damaged.

Chimpanzee Behavior in the Wild provides a comprehensive glossary, upon which systematic behavioral comparisons may be based.

Multiscale Seismic Tomography

This monograph provides in-depth information on exercise-induced acute renal failure after short-term anaerobic exercise, which causes severe pain in the loin and patchy renal ischemia with no sign of rhabdomyolysis.

Written for clinicians and scientists alike, this monograph provides an overview of vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP). Topics include the neurophysiological bases, methods of recording, and applications for common vestibular disorders such as Meniere's disease.

Based on their working environment, a rough classi cation of the autonomous vehicles would include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), - manned ground vehicles (UGVs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs).

This volume integrates different viewpoints on self-organization through inquiry into the structure of the self and through self-reflexion. It opens a new horizon for the synthesis of planning/control action theory and spontaneous/performative action theory.

This book pursues a nonlinear approach in considering both chaotic dynamical models and agent-based simulation models of economics, as well as their dynamical behaviors.

Pathologic myopia that is due to axial elongation causes thinning of the retina and choroid, especially in cases of posterior staphyloma. The result of this myopia is the development of various kinds of chorioretinal atrophy in the posterior pole, with a gradual progression of the atrophic changes extending over several decades.

This book is the result of an international comparative study of corporate governance begun in 2002, and provides analysis of the issue as it applies to management, moral hazards, accounting practices, and the institutional investor from both a Japanese and a global perspective.

This book uses simulation data instead of actual data to show the functions of statistical methods, and includes programs written in free 'R' software that illustrate clearly how these methods work to bring intrinsic values of data to the surface.

This book addresses the direct imaging of hydrogen-bond dynamics within water-based model systems assembled on a metal surface, using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM).

Today, young cosmetics researchers who have completed their graduate studies and have entered a cosmetics company are put through several years of training before they become qualified to design cosmetics formulations themselves.

Surprisingly, the conduction velocity in shrimp nerve is the fastest among all nerve fibers in the animal kingdom. In this volume, readers will find a description of both the origin and mechanisms of nerve impulse conduction in shrimp.

Explains the systematic structure and practical use of the SQC application that systematically and organizationally enhances the corporate management key for the 21st century. This book also explains the SQC application for scientific problem solving and its structural framework.

This book proposes the importance of new systems of drug design and delivery based on cancer pathophysiology in addition to cancer molecular and cellular biology.

The introduction and application of topological geometry (soft geometry) to polymer molecules is a crucial requirement to account for the basic geometrical properties of polymer chains uniquely flexible in nature, in contrast to small chemical compounds conceived upon Euclidian geometry (hard geometry) principles.

This book provides physicians practicing at pain management clinics with comprehensive explanations of interventional therapeutic procedures including nerve blockade, as well as pharmacotherapy.

This book discusses the new roles that the VLSI (very-large-scale integration of semiconductor circuits) is taking for the safe, secure, and dependable design and operation of electronic systems. The book consists of three parts.

This book integrates three levels of political-economic analysis: first a comparative institutional analysis of the varieties of capitalism in both Europe and Asia, second a macroeconomic analysis of industrial structural change and economic dynamics of the national economies in Europe and Asia, and then an encompassing analysis of international production linkages and international financial instability which determine the long-term patterns of regional integration in Europe and Asia. The comparison of the European Union and ASEAN delivers some key conditions for a viable long-term regional economic integration to cope with contrasted capitalisms and growth regimes: either pragmatism in the choice of an exchange rate regime, or a form of fiscal federalism. The reader will also find a genuine analysis of the dynamism of the Chinese economy, a study on institutional changes and de-industrialization in Japan, and the increasing international production linkages among China, Japan, Korea, and ASEAN. It is shown how the enlargement of the European Union and the Euro triggered the diverging competitiveness and macroeconomic performances that led to the crisis of a six decades long economic and political process. This book is the result of long lasting Asian-European collaborative research. It is a milestone in the historical and comparative analysis along the régulation theory that aims at understanding the long-run transformations, renewed diversity and interdependence of capitalisms.

In developing countries, access to the adequate sanitation systems is still limited, and a new business model is required.

This book provides new insights into the universality of biological systems in animal reproduction and development by a comparative study of a variety of mechanisms in animals ranging from basal invertebrates to vertebrates, including mammals.Animals accomplish genetic diversity through meiosis and fertilization, and during embryogenesis animals must produce specialized cell types, including germ cells, in accordance with their individual body plan. This series of phenomena is essential to the continuity of life in the animal kingdom, and animals show various reproductive and developmental strategies.This volume, comprising four parts, reviews animal kingdom diversity, including reproductive strategies and germ cell differentiation mechanisms (Part 1), sex determination and differentiation (Part2), the mechanisms of fertilization (Part 3), and body axis formation (Part 4). Readers will find descriptions of the reproduction or development of 180 species, 13 phyla, 35 classes, 74 orders, 117 families, and 151 genera in this book. Of particular interest is the diversity of molecules and mechanisms used to achieve the same biological purpose in different animals.Undergraduates, graduate students, and professional scientists who want a deeper understanding of animal reproductive and developmental mechanisms will find this book to be of great value.

This book presents a life-oriented approach, which is an interdisciplinary methodology proposed for cross-sectoral urban policy decisions such as transport, health, and energy policies. Improving people's quality of life (QOL) is one of the common goals of various urban policies on the one hand, while QOL is closely linked with a variety of life choices on the other. The life-oriented approach argues that life choices in different domains (e.g., residence, neighborhood, health, education, work, family life, leisure and recreation, finance, and travel behavior) are not independent of one another, and ignorance of and inability to understand interdependent life choices may result in a failure of consensus building for policy decisions. The book provides evidence about behavioral interdependencies among life domains based on both extensive literature reviews and case studies covering a broad set of life choices. This work further illustrates interbehavioral analysis frameworks with respect to various life domains, along with a rich set of future research directions. This book deals with life choices in a relatively general way. Thus, it can serve not only as a reference for research, but also as a textbook for teaching and learning in varied behavior-related disciplines.

This book consists of the articles from thespecial issue of "'Hot Spots' in the Climate System" in the Journal of Oceanography,Vol. 71 No. 5, 2015, comprising 9 chapters that cover a wide spectrum oftopics. This spinoff book is a collection of papers on the scientific outcomesof a nationwide 5-year project funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education,Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and known internationally as the"Hot-Spot Project." The academic achievement of the project has gainedinternational recognition, making substantial contribution to unveiling theclimatic role of warm western boundary ocean currents, including the Kuroshio,and associated oceanic fronts characterized by sharp temperature gradients andactive meso-scale oceanic eddies. Specifically, those warm currents may becalled "hot spots" in the climate system, as they intensively release heat andmoisture to the atmosphere, thereby acting to organize clouds and precipitationsystems and set conditions favorable for recurrent development of storms. Thisspinoff is a unique collection of the outcome of the particular project. Thecollected papers cover a wide range of aspects of ocean-atmosphere interactioncharacteristic of the oceanic fronts and continental marginal seas, unveiledthrough observational, theoretical, analytical, and numerical investigations.Most of the readers of the book are assumed to be researchers and graduatestudents who study climate dynamics, physical oceanography, atmosphericscience, and air-sea interaction.

This volume applies a systems science perspective to complex policy making dynamics, using the case of Indonesia to illustrate the concepts. In addition to this diversity, Indonesia also employs a democratic system of government with high regional autonomy.

Also, nanofabrication technologies, discussed in Chapters 8-15, will lead to next-generation solar cells, secondary batteries, and advanced electronic circuits using nanostructured materials, thus providing solutions for serious energy and environment issues.

This book is a collection of papers presented at the International Workshop on Geotechnical Natural Hazards held July 12-15, 2014, in Kitakyushu, Japan.