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This book deals with the essential factors in the personalization of treatment for primary breast cancer.

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Disaster Risk Reduction Education (DRRE) have overlapping areas of concern focusing on strengthening the link to local communities.

This book presents a comprehensive overview and outlook for the future of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation surgery, which is attracting clinical interest as a safe and less invasive procedure not only in detecting cerebral vessels, coronary arteries, and biliary trees, but also in identifying sentinel lymph nodes in cancer.

This book highlights a new paradigm of translation control by regulatory nascent polypeptides, which is integrated into cellular regulatory systems.

By providing a comprehensive overview of policy proposals for the international monetary system from an Asian perspective, this book aims to identify what innovations are needed to reform the international monetary and financial system to promote financial stability and sustainable economic growth for emerging economies.

This book examines social and natural environmental changes in present-day Laos and presents a new research framework for environmental studies from an interdisciplinary point of view.

The research described in this book represents important steps toward understanding the development of inner ear medicine and new perspectives in regenerative medicine, including efficacy in cochlear implants and various other treatments.

Despite the globalization of accounting standards occurring through convergence to International Financial Reporting Standards, local accounting systems are deeply intertwined with each country's unique institutions such as its corporate system, disclosure practices and enforcement mechanisms.

Gastric cancer is still the most common cause of cancer death in the world, although in most countries, with the notable exception of the United States, its incidence is slowly declining.

The primary goal of this monograph, to provide a framework of patho physiology of portal hypertension with authoritative descriptions of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of various portal hypertensive dis orders, has clearly been achieved by these excellent contributions.

Recent clinical trials of adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer in Japan have shown improved survival benefits, but the results have been considered controversial and have been viewed with some skepticism in the West. Included in the appendix is an extensive tabular analysis of the gastric cancer database at the Cancer Institute Hospital of Tokyo.

Intravascular ultrasound imaging (IVUS) plays very important roles in clinical cardiology. Most important topics of the book are technical applications of IVUS (elasticity imaging, chromaflow...) and the basic data (vibration, acoustic microscopy) that should provide very important information to understand clinical IVUS imaging.

Although cancer or malignant neoplasms recently have topped the list of causes of deaths in Japan, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases bring about more deaths than cancer if they are reclassified into a unified category of diseases of the vascular system.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the multitude of different forms of thermotherapy in connection with aspects of thermal physiology and cell biology. However, in the former field empirical aspects of therapeutic usefulness prevail, while in the latter, aspects of basic science are in the foreground.

Ascidians are the invertebrate group that gave rise to vertebrates, thus the biology of ascidians provides an essential key to understanding both invertebrates and vertebrates.

Human biomechanics is an important research field in achieving safety, health, comfort, and a high quality of life in a world where the older generation soon will outnumber the younger generation.

In conjunction with the awarding of the International Prize for Biology, the 14th International Symposium with the theme of The Biology of Biodiversity was held in Hayama on the 9th and 10th of December 1998, with financial support by an international symposium grant from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan.

Through this book, a Japanese economic demographer clearly shows the various economic consequences of population problems in Japan, especially the impacts of continuing ultra-low fertility and the world's highest life expectancy in the post-demographic transition phase.

Ultrasonic examination of the breast has been a valuable diagnostic tool for more than half a century since J.J. Wild,T. Wagai,and others ?rst used it in 1950. The ?rst Int- national Congress on the Ultrasonic Examination of the Breast (ICUEB) was convened in Philadelphia in 1979 by Goldberg (United States),Wells (United Kingdom),Wagai (Japan),Kobayashi (Japan),and Kossoff (Australia). Further congresses in the series have taken place every other year to discuss related theoretical and clinical discov- ies. These meetings led to the founding of the International Association for Breast Ultrasound (IABU) in 1991, and have contributed to improving ultrasonic exami- tion techniques and the associated medical bene?ts. The 13th ICUEB was held in Kyoto,Japan,in April 2003. International events at that time¿the military operations in Iraq and the SARS outbreaks in several countries¿ threatened attendance; however,only one oral presentation and one poster presen- tion had to be canceled,and an impressive 98% of our schedule proceeded as planned. Over the three days of the congress, participants made signi?cant contributions through presentations and discussions, and we moved closer to a global mutual understanding.

This book explains the basic ideas of supergravity, collecting the relevant formulae in one place. Covers vielbein formulation of gravity; supergravities in four dimensions; superalgebras and supermultiplets; supergravities in higher dimensions and more.

This is the first outcome of our effort in ASIAN LINK PROJECT to construct the econometric models of Asian developing countries and analyze their inter-dependence with major trading partners, the United States and Japan.

This book is a sequel to our first report of ASIAN LINK PROJECT in 1985: Econometric Models of Asian LINK, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo - Berlin - New York. Unlike our previous book, we have not tried here to link these national models as a regional or global model in any way, ex cept for the model by S.

The aging of society is a growing concern in all advanced nations, and at the forefront of concern is long-term care for frail older people.

At the international symposium "Rethinking Somatoform Disorders," this problem was addressed by specialists working in somatoform disorders, psychiatric nosology, epidemiology, and biological and cross-cultural psychiatry.

With invited speakers from North America, Europe, and Japan, the symposium focused on standard management and clinical trials of control of symptoms such as pain and cachexia, ethics in palliative medicine, the economics of health care, quality-of-life research, management of depression, and patient education.

The model shown on the cover (and on page 24) is intended to help the reader understand signal transduction in the brain and the patho physiology of affective disorders as well as the mechanisms of antidepressants.

A basic model of residential land use is proposed, in which a group of city residents is assumed to jointly own a circular area of land extending from the central business district.

In Japanese culture the concept of katachi has special significance, connoting relationships and connectedness. To help achieve this aim and to foster international cooperation, the interdisciplinary symposium titled "Katachi "U" Symmetry" was convened in Tsukuba, Japan, November 21 - 25, 1994.

Cases of intestinal anisakiasis, caused by infestation with Anisakis simplex larva, are being increasingly reported in both Europe and the United States.

Studies on physical education and sports for persons with disabilities are an interdisciplinary domain in which theory and practice are closely intertwined.