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This book tackles issues associated with inconsistency in pairwise comparisons from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Human judgments are seldom absolutely consistent, or absolutely precise, therefore problems of measuring and handling inconsistency belong among hot topics of the current research, especially in the theoretical framework of multiple criteria decision aiding (MCDA). The book presents and discusses the state-of-the-art of this field including both cardinal and ordinal inconsistency, the problems of different scales for comparisons and inconsistency reduction, and the alternative approaches to inconsistency detection and measurement. This book is a unique one-stop guide for readers who are interested in inconsistency in pairwise comparisons. Researchers and practitioners in the area of multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) will find this informative book particularly valuable.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 8th EAI International Conference on Nature of Computation and Communication, ICTCC 2022, held in Vinh Long, Vietnam, in October 27-28 2022. The 11 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 32 submissions. The papers of ICTCC 2022 cover formal methods for self-adaptive systems and discuss natural approaches and techniques for natural computing systems and their applications.

This book gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of sustainable reuse of built heritage, as presented by international researchers at the conference "ReUSO - Documentation, Restoration and Reuse of Heritage¿, held on November 2-4, 2022, at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal. The X edition of the ReUSO conference promoted the discussion among the participants on issues related to the sustainable and adaptive reuse of built heritage, from the theoretical perspectives to the methodological and practical applications in contemporary interventions in relation to the complexity and vulnerability of the present-day context and the future orientations of our scientific sectors.

This book is an English translation from a Hungarian book designed for graduate and postgraduate students about the use of variational principles in theoretical physics. Unlike many academic textbooks, it dashes across several lecture disciplines taught in physics courses. It emphasizes and demonstrates the use of the variational technique and philosophy behind the basic laws in mechanics, relativity theory, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics. The book is meant for advanced students and young researchers in theoretical physics but, also, more experienced researchers can benefit from its reading.

This volume examines the origins, ideology, organisation, leadership, political alliances, electoral performance and institutional role of the right-wing party Brothers of Italy (Fratelli d¿Italia, Fdl). FdI¿s meteoric rise is only the latest in a series of shocks that have hit Italy¿s unstable political system in recent years. However, it would be a mistake to brand FdI as yet another Italian anomaly. Indeed, the party stands at the crossroads between an established political tradition, that of the post-fascist and conservative right, and the more recent populist waves that have affected many mature democracies. By placing Giorgia Meloni¿s party in a comparative analytical framework, the author shows that its success stems from a mix of past legacies and current developments seen in much of Europe (and beyond): the growing role of right-wing female leaders and their reliance on new media; the mainstreaming of the far right mixed with populist repertoires; the de-alignment and (partial) re-alignment of voters; the reconfiguration of electoral geographies; and ultimately the emergence of an illiberal model of democracy. In short, rather than being an exception, FdI can be seen as one of the most recent and advanced manifestations of a broader process of political change sweeping the West.

Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions.This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of Springer Nature¿s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the 18th volume of a continuing series.

This book analyzes the ideological roots, structures and operational methods of Jihadi intelligence and counterintelligence activities. Based on a substantive collection of data on terrorist attacks, communication channels, recruitment methods, manuals and statements released by various Jihadi groups, it examines and compares the nature, ideology and realities of Jihadi intelligence operations. The author, an expert on Jihadist ideology and paramilitary intelligence, compares the modus operandi of terrorist groups such as al-Qaeda and the IS with those of governmental intelligence agencies, and subsequently analyzes the role of historical and religious narratives that help Jihadist groups justify their actions and military management. Further topics covered include encryption, counterfeiting, covert operations and Jihadi intelligence activities in the digital realm. The insights shared here will allow readers to gain a comprehensive understanding of Jihadist groups and their intelligence operations, while helping practitioners and policymakers develop better counterterrorism activities and counternarratives.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology, RECOMB 2023, held in Istanbul, Turkey, during April 16¿19, 2023.The 11 regular and 33 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 188 submissions. The papers report on original research in all areas of computational molecular biology and bioinformatics.

This book is a self-guided tour of MATLAB for engineers and life scientists. It introduces the most commonly used programming techniques through biologically inspired examples. Although the text is written for undergraduates, graduate students and academics, as well as those in industry, will find value in learning MATLAB.The book takes the emphasis off of learning syntax so that the reader can focus more on algorithmic thinking. Although it is not assumed that the reader has taken differential equations or a linear algebra class, there are short introductions to many of these concepts. Following a short history of computing, the MATLAB environment is introduced. Next, vectors and matrices are discussed, followed by matrix-vector operations. The core programming elements of MATLAB are introduced in three successive chapters on scripts, loops, and conditional logic. The last three chapters outline how to manage the input and output of data, create professional quality graphics and find and use MATLAB toolboxes. Throughout, biomedical and life science examples are used to illustrate MATLAB's capabilities.

Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions.This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of Springer Nature¿s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the 19th volume of a continuing series.

This book constitutes the 11th EAI International Conference of the International Conference on Context-Aware Systems and Applications, ICCASA 2022, held in Vinh Long, Vietnam, during October 27-28, 2022. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 40 submissions. The papers cover a wide spectrum of modern approaches and techniques for smart computing systems and their applications.

This book is an attempt to develop a guide for the user who is interested in learning the method by doing. There is enough discussion of some of the basic theory so that the user can get a broad understanding of the process. And there are many examples with step-by-step instructions for the user to quickly develop some proficiency in using FEA. We have used Matlab and its PDE toolbox for the examples in this text. The syntax and the modeling process are easy to understand and a new user can become productive very quickly. The PDE toolbox, just like any other commercial software, can solve certain classes of problems well but is not capable of solving every type of problem. For example, it can solve linear problems but is not capable of handling non-linear problems. Being aware of the capabilities of any tool is an important lesson for the user and we have, with this book, tried to highlight that lesson as well.

This book provides a theoretical framework for design researchers interested in developing their research work about and with prototypes. It describes prototypes' multiple definitions and possible functions in the multifaceted landscape of today's design research. Indeed, while the manufacturing and digital evolutions enable and require new types of advanced prototypes, the design evolution as an academic discipline continuously widens its perspectives, fields, and research methods, among which are the prototypes' applications, features, and purposes. The framework originates from an interpretation of these interrelated phenomena and a collection of case studies. Additionally, it defines those criteria that characterize the relation between the research (context, discipline, and general scope) and the prototype (nature and specific aims) and, altogether, it presents an overview of prototypes' roles in design research.

The book is a true knowledge-enhancing project, dealing with the forms of rationality at work in social life, which are so many, varied and complex. Published already in Spanish and Italian, it analyses the role played by rationality through the lens of social theories in order to propose a problematic interpretation of human action. Since there is nothing more practical than a good theory when seeking to understand our society, the book reflects on the theoretical approaches that provide useful categories by means of which to understand and interpret individual, organizational, and institutional action. It proposes an analysis of a wide variety of classics by eminent European and Anglo-American thinkers, such as Dahrendorf, Mannheim, Marx, Popper, Weber, Habermas, Luhmann, Machiavelli, Pareto, Ardigò, Cesareo, Parsons, Schütz, Alexander, Bauman, Beck, Sennett, Antiseri, Boudon, Sen, Simon, to shed light on the relationship between rationality, difficulties in thinking and extra-rationality. Finally, the reasons for unexpected action are investigated as well as the strategic role played by ethics, rationality and skills in postmodern societies on the basis of the contributions of Nussbaum and Piketty.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Distributed Artificial Intelligence, DAI 2022, held in Tianjin, China, in December 2022. The 5 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 12 submissions. DAI aims at bringing together international researchers and practitioners in related areas including general AI, multiagent systems, distributed learning, computational game theory, etc., to provide a single, high-profile, internationally renowned forum for research in the theory and practice of distributed AI.

This book covers a range of leading-edge topics. It is suitable for teaching specialists for advanced lectures in the domains of systems architecture and distributed platforms. Furthermore, it serves as a basis for undergraduates as well as an inspiration for interesting postgraduates, looking for new challenges. It addresses a holistic view of QoS, which becomes nowadays via Digital Transformations less technically and more socially driven. This includes IoT, energy efficiency, secure transactions, blockchains, and smart contracting.Under the term Emerging Networking (EmN), we cover the steadily growing diversity of smart mobile and robotic apps and unmanned scenarios (UAV). EmN supports distributed intelligence across the combined mobile, wireless, and fixed networks in the edge-to-cloud continuum. The 6G driving factors and potentials in the mid-term are examined. Operative (emergency) networking, which assists rescue troops at sites, also belongs to the above-mentionedproblems. The EmN architecture includes the components of SDN, blockchain, and AI with efficient slicing and cloud support.The design peculiarities in dynamically changing domains, such as Smart Shopping/Office/Home, Context-Sensitive Intelligent apps, are discussed. Altogether, the provided content is technically interesting while still being rather practically oriented and therefore straightforward to understand.This book originated from the close cooperation of scientists from Germany, Ukraine, Israel, Switzerland, Slovak Republic, Poland, Czech Republic, South Korea, China, Italy, North Macedonia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, France, Latvia, Greece, Romania, USA, Finland, Morocco, Ireland, and the United Kingdom.We wish all readers success and lots of inspiration from this useful book!

This book constitutes selected papers presented during the First International Conference on Deep Sciences for Computing and Communications, IconDeepCom 2022, held in Chennai, India, in March 2022.The 27 papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 97 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: ¿classification and regression problems for communication paradigms; deep learning and vision computing; deep- recurrent neural network (RNN) for industrial informatics; extended AI for heterogeneous edge.

This book constitutes the Third 3D Head and Neck Tumor Segmentation in PET/CT Challenge, HECKTOR 2022, which was held in conjunction with the 25th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2022, on September 22, 2022.The 22 contributions presented, as well as an overview paper, were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. This challenge aims to evaluate and compare the current state-of-the-art methods for automatic head and neck tumor segmentation. In the context of this challenge, a dataset of 883 delineated PET/CT images was made available for training.

This volume constitutes the revised selected papers from 4 workshops:Workshop on Adaptive Service-oriented and Cloud Applications (ASOCA 2022), 3rd International Workshop on AI-enabled Process Automation (AI-PA 2022), 3rd International Workshop on Architectures for Future Mobile Computing and Internet of Things (FMCIoT 2022), and 18th International Workshop on Engineering Service-Oriented Applications and Cloud Services (WESOACS 2022) held in conjunction with the 20th International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing, ICSOC 2022. The conference was held in Sevilla, Spain, in November/December 2022.

This book offers innovative ideas and solutions from tropical fruits and crops for engineering problems. It covers a wide range of topics related to science, engineering, and technologies. The topics shared in this book enable practitioners and innovators to develop subsequent novel ideas and methods for solving engineering and technological problems for organizations to sustain its operation in global challenges.

This proceedings, ICAST 2022, constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology, ICAST 2022, which took place in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, in November 2022. The 17 revised full papers and one short paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 174 submissions. The papers present economic and technologic developments in modern societies related to important issues such digitization, energy transformation, impact on national economy, and its recent advancements.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Big Data Analytics, BDA 2022, which took place in a hybrid mode during December 2022 in Aizu, Japan.The 14 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: big data analytics, networking, social media, search, information extraction, image processing and analysis, spatial, text, mobile and graph data analysis, machine learning, and healthcare.

This book draws a connection between ethics and research across social sciences, philosophy, medical sciences and legal sciences, and demonstrates that any research activity needs to be conducted by means of rules deriving from the field of ethics. Although having a common core, such rules assume different characteristics depending on the branch of science, as the contributions on philosophy, medicine, dentistry, law, biotechnology, robotics and architecture highlight. It also investigates the more complex ethical concerns and places them in a larger, technological context. Starting with an introduction to common-sense ethical principles, the contributions then guide the reader, helping them develop and understand a comprehensive knowledge on the field. Notably, it appeared interesting to analyze recent events related to the arrival of the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic in light of ethical principles, highlighting in what terms their applicability can still be confirmed. Moreover, the book makes these topics accessible to a non-expert audience, while also offering alternative reading pathways to inspire more specialized readers.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Development Informatics Association Conference, IDIA 2022, held in Mbombela, South Africa, in November 2022. The 20 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on¿ theories and practices in digital-for-development ecosystems; emerging technologies for transformation, inclusion and sustainable development; privacy and security in digital-for-development ecosystems; human-computer interaction (HCI) for digital inclusion; artificial intelligence (AI) for good.