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This second updated volume on breast cancer provides a comprehensive overview of its clinical management and current therapies. Updated to reflect the changes in breast cancer staging, the progress in immunotherapy approaches, as well as the latest guidelines for therapies, this book brings readers up to speed with the latest therapeutic regimens in breast cancer and provides an in-depth account of current and new therapeutic approaches. The most important phase III trials, high quality meta-analysis, consensus reports and guidelines are extensively discussed in this new edition and provide the reader with the most up-to-date information.Divided in themed parts, the book examines invasive breast cancer, pre-operative systemic therapy surgical management and recurrence among others, thus providing an in-depth account of breast cancer at the clinical stage. Among the themed parts are a section dedicated to special therapeutic problems, such as breast cancer in older women, Paget¿sdisease and phyllodes tumors and a section on supportive and follow-up care. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach to breast cancer, this book is a must-have for breast cancer practitioners. With a high number of colored illustrations and edited by highly experienced clinicians, this work enables readers to gain an interdisciplinary perspective on breast diseases. Contributions from an international team of experts present invaluable insight into clinical practice across different settings. Covering both theoretical and practical aspects of breast cancer, this is a highly informative and carefully presented book which will appeal to an international audience of medical, radiation and surgical oncologists.

Now in its fully revised and expanded second edition, this volume is the definitive resource on long-distance air transport of injured patients in both peacetime and wartime. It discusses the history of aeromedical evacuation, triage and staging of the injured patient, evacuation from site of injury to medical facility, air-frame capabilities, medical capabilities in- flight, response to in-flight emergencies, and mass emergency evacuation. Specific medical conditions are addressed in detail in the second half of the book, including general surgical casualties such as abdominal wounds and soft tissue injuries, vascular injuries, maxillofacial injuries, head and spinal cord injuries, ophthalmologic casualties, orthopedic casualties, burns, pediatric casualties, obstetric-gynecologic casualties, and more. For each medical condition, important topics are addressed such as conditions needed to be met before transportation, special concerns, supplies and needs of the specific patients and possible in-flight emergencies and their appropriated treatment. Containing several new chapters and featuring extensively updated contributions from experts in the field, Aeromedical Evacuation: Management of the Acute and Stabilized Patient, Second Edition is a must-have reference for a whole new generation of military flight surgeons and flight nurses responsible for aeromedical evacuation of casualties as well as civilian physicians and nurses involved in air transport of ill and post-operative patients.

The fourth edition of this leading book provides an authoritative, comprehensive and complete account of the neuronal disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract in children. The book has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect major advances that have occurred both in the understanding as well as the treatment of Hirschsprung¿s disease. Contents discuss the latest therapies such as stem cell therapies, the epidemiology and association with multiple endocrine neoplasia and approaches to diagnosis such as radiology and manometry as well as Hirschsprung¿s disease in adolescents and adults.Surgical approaches are thoroughly covered and include a new chapter on intestinal transplantation options. The follow-up care and long-term outcomes of patients who have undergone therapy are also addressed in this edition.With several new chapters added and the contents updated and re-worked, this edition is authored by the leading current experts in their respective fields. It is a must-have book for pediatric surgeons, pediatricians, gastroenterologists, and colorectal surgeons.

This book examines sex and gender differences in the causes and expression of medical conditions, including mental health disorders.Sex differences are variations attributable to individual reproductive organs and the XX or XY chromosomal complement. Gender differences are variations that result from biological sex as well as individual self-representation which include psychological, behavioural, and social consequences of an individual¿s perceived gender. Gender is still a neglected field in psychopathology, and gender differences is often incorrectly used as a synonym of sex differences. A reconsideration of the definition of gender, as the term that subsumes masculinity and femininity, could shed some light on this misperception and could have an effect in the study of health and disease. This second edition of Psychopathology clarifies the anthropological, cultural and social aspects of gender and their impact on mental health disorders. It focuses ongender perspective as a paradigm not only in psychopathology but also in mental health disorders. As such it promotes open mindedness in the definition and perception of symptoms, as well as assumptions about those symptoms, and raises awareness of mental health.

Written by leading international specialists, this book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of endocrine-based female reproductive disorders. Particularly focusing on the Hypothalamus - Pituitary - Ovary (HPO) axis as the main driver of reproduction in women, it discusses amenorrhea; chronic anovulation and polycystic ovary syndrome as the most common dysfunctions of the HPO axis; endocrine diseases as possible impacts on the HPO axis; uterine disorders related to estrogen/progesterone; and the impact of endometriosis and uterine fibroids on reproduction. It also addresses infertility and menopause as hormone-related disorders in women and endocrine changes during pregnancy and lactation, and in breast disorders.The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, gynecologists, and obstetricians, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which provides access to live editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.

This atlas comprehensively covers surgical techniques for congenital heart surgery. As the population with congenital heart defects increases more and more operations will be required to treat the residual defects, new defects, and replacement strategies such as valve replacements. Chapters are devoted to specific conditions and feature detailed descriptions of how to perform a variety of appropriate reparative surgical techniques; involving complex anatomy, reoperative surgery, and unique techniques to this speciality, enabling the reader to develop a deep understanding of how to successfully resolve situations such as left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, anomalous pulmonary venous return, and anomalous origin of the coronary arteries. Atlas of Adult Congenital Heart Surgery provides a foundational resource for practising and trainee cardiac surgeons, nurses, and healthcare associates seeking specialist training and insight to the resolution of congenitalheart diseases in adults.

This comprehensive atlas provides a step-by-step guide of new techniques in burn surgery and enables readers to identify the appropriate treatment plan and best possible procedure for each patient pre-surgery before delving into a variety of different surgical possibilities for treatment and recovery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Burns ¿ An Atlas of New Techniques and Strategies presents new solutions in plastic and reconstructive surgery for burns built upon tried and true techniques of contracture restoration using various flaps and skin grafts. Accompanying illustrations and schemes allow the reader to visualize the process from mapping, dissecting and closing the wound. Preoperative and postoperative results are compared, with extensive illustrations and pictures that cover areas of the body most commonly treated for burns including face, neck, breast, torso, arms, legs, hands, and feet. Outcomes of the surgeries including full functional and aesthetic restoration of treated patients are meticulously photographed and provided alongside each technique. New classifications are presented based on contracture anatomy which showcase the development of new flaps and techniques that elevate functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of burned patients to a new level.The culmination of the decades long career of renowned plastic surgeon, Viktor M. Grishkevich, many new and original techniques, currently unpublished in U.S. literature, are detailed in depth alongside techniques uniquely designed by Dr. Grishkevich and previously published around the world. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Burns ¿ An Atlas of New Techniques and Strategies, has international reach and is meant for plastic and reconstructive surgeons with specialties inhand, maxillo-facial, facial, and ENT. Due to its detailednature, the atlas is also appropriate for residents in the related fields of surgery as well.

This book details all aspects of lung transplantation and equips the general pulmonologist/physician with the necessary tools and knowledge to assist patients with the preparation for and care post lung transplantation. Written by global experts, chapters present general principles and history; indications and eligibility for lung transplantation, including screening for COPD, cystic fibrosis, scleroderma, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; approach to and complications of lung transplantation, such as prognostic markers, radiological approach, and immunology and rejection; and medical and surgical guidelines for lung transplantation. The goal of lung transplantation is to increase survival and to provide a greater quality of life for patients with untreatable end-stage lung disease and this book serves to best prepare clinicians in achieving that goal. Lung Transplantation: Evolving knowledge and New horizons offersvaluable insights into this modality and is an authoritative resource for multidisciplinary services that include experts in pulmonary diseases, critical care, cardiology, thoracic surgery, infection diseases, internal medicine, radiology , immunology, nephrology, rehabilitation, psychology /psychiatry, nurses, social workers and nutritionists.

This book details the designing of hybrid control strategies for practical systems containing time varying uncertainties, disturbances, nonlinearities, unknown parameters, unmodelled dynamics, delays, etc., concurrently. In this book, the advantages of different controllers will be brought together to produce superior control performance for the practical systems. Being aware of the advantages of adaptive controller to tackle unknown constant, time varying uncertainties and time varying disturbances, a variant of adaptive controller, namely L1 adaptive controller, is hybridized with other strategies.In this book, to facilitate optimal parameter setting of the basic L1 adaptive controller, stochastic optimization technique will be hybridized with it. The stability of the optimization technique along with the controller will be guaranteed analytically with the help of spectral radius convergence. The proposed method exhibits satisfactory exploration and exploitation capabilities. Again, this book will throw light on tackling nonlinearities along with uncertainties and disturbances by hybridizing fuzzy logic with L1 adaptive controller. The performances of the designed controllers will be compared with different control methodologies to validate their effectiveness. The overall stability of the nonlinear system with the designed controller will be guaranteed with the help of fuzzy Lyapunov function to retain the zonal behaviour of the system. This fuzzy PDC-L1 adaptive controller is efficient to tackle nonlinearities and at the same time cancels unknown constant, time varying uncertainties and time varying disturbances adequately.This book will also contain four simulation case studies to validate fruitfulness of the designed controllers. To demonstrate the superior control ability of these controllers in tackling practical system, three experimental case studies will also be provided.

This book features a selection of extended papers presented at the 9th IFIP WG 12.6 International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management, AI4KM 2021, and the 1st International Workshop on Energy and Sustainability, AIES 2021, named AI4KMES 2021 and held in conjunction with IJCAI 2021 in August 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Montréal, Canada, but changed to an online event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 15 papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. They deal with knowledge management and sustainability challenges, focusing on methodological, technical and organizational aspects of AI used for facing related complex problems. This year's topic was AI for Knowledge Management, Energy and Sustainable Future.

This book is composed by the papers written in English and accepted for presentation and discussion at The 2022 International Conference on Information Technology & Systems (ICITS'22), held at Tecnológico de Costa Rica, in San Carlos, Costa Rica, between the 9th and the 11th of February 2022.ICIST is a global forum for researchers and practitioners to present and discuss recent findings and innovations, current trends, professional experiences and challenges of modern information technology and systems research, together with their technological development and applications.The main topics covered are: information and knowledge management; organizational models and information systems; software and systems modelling; software systems, architectures, applications and tools; multimedia systems and applications; computer networks, mobility and pervasive systems; intelligent and decision support systems; big data analytics and applications; human¿computer interaction; ethics,computers & security; health informatics; information technologies in education, and Media, Applied Technology and Communication.

This book focuses on two important topics in Shaw¿s Major Barbara and Pygmalion that have received little attention from critics: language and metadrama. If we look beyond the social, political, and economic issues that Shaw explored in these two plays, we discover that the stories of the two ¿Shavian sisters¿¿ Barbara Undershaft and Eliza Doolittle¿are deeply concerned with performance and what Jacques Derrida calls ¿the problem of language.¿ Nearly every character in Major Barbara produces, directs, or acts in at least one miniature play. In Pygmalion, Henry Higgins is Elizäs acting coach and phonetics teacher, as well as the star of an impromptu, open-air phonetics show. The language content in these two plays is just as intriguing. Did Eliza Doolittle have to learn Standard English to become a complete human being? Should we worry about the bad grammar we hear at Barbara Undershaft¿s Salvation Army shelter? Is English losing its precision and purity? Meanwhile, in the background, Shaw keeps reminding us that language and theatre are always present in our everyday lives¿sometimes serving as stabilizing forces, and sometimes working to undo them.