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This book addresses the ethical problems that physicians have to face every day while caring for critically ill patients. Advances in medical technology, ageing societies worldwide, and their increased demands on health care systems have, on the one hand, led to better care and remarkable longevity in many parts of the world. On the other hand, however, improved treatments in many medical fields, amongst others in emergency and critical care, have resulted in more patients surviving with reduced quality of life. This entails tradeoffs for many patients, their families, and the teams caring for them. At the same time, health care expenditures have risen dramatically and have to be balanced against costs for other public goods. Finally, the humane aspects of care have often failed to keep pace with the remarkable technological strides made in recent years.In this book, experts in their respective fields describe compelling ethical challenges resulting from these discrepancies and discuss potential solutions. The book is primarily intended for clinicians who care for two of the most vulnerable patient subpopulations ¿ those being treated in ambulances or emergency rooms, and those being treated at intensive care units ¿ due in part to the fact that they may be temporarily or permanently incapacitated. Core medical skills, such as diagnosis and predicting outcomes, as well as implementing treatment, remain challenging. However, without adequate communication and collaboration both within the inter-professional treatment teams and between the teams and the patients/their families, delivering excellent care is difficult at best. Therefore, the so-called ¿soft skills¿ are given the attention they deserve in order to overcome the gap between technological progress and interpersonal standstill.

This book is an introduction to a comprehensive analysis of recent advances and clinical research in noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. The objective of the book is to increase the knowledge and understanding of the reader in the best clinical practice in three main sections. A selected international group of experts in the field of noninvasive ventilation formed a panel to provide an update on the recent literature in the application and efficient utilization of NIV in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. Each particular section will discuss the application of NIV in different disease process. The authors summarized the main results of the recent trials, clinical and technological advances, expert opinions, and practical guidelines. Chapters, summarized by expert committee, provide a ¿deep and exhaustive critical analysis and summary¿ of the recent advances in the field of NIV, presented as key points and/recommendations for the best clinical practice from articles published in the last decade. The content of the book will serve as a resource and a tool to the practicing physicians toward NIV. Main objective is to increase their proficiency in management of different pathophysiological aspects of the respiratory system. In this line, the book offers to the readers, who are seeking the latest recommendations, the future research directions in noninvasive mechanical ventilation.Table of contents describe and analyze, the items trend setters in noninvasive ventilation, organized in three main sections, ¿pulmonary¿, ¿critical care¿ and ¿sleep medicine¿, using the primary keyword related with term ¿noninvasive mechanical ventilation¿ as search term associated with ¿secondary keywords¿ studies from a period of 2018 to 2019. This searching methodology and analysis define this unique book to the approach in noninvasive mechanical ventilation for best clinical practice, research, clinical study designs and critical analysis, how noninvasive ventilation is current and trending. Based on this form of conception of book updated, editors and authors consider that this book opens a new and original vision for adequate knowledge and deep updated based on key publications in the period under review, very useful for clinical practice, studies designs and potential new trends in the use of noninvasive ventilation.As such, it is a unique update book resource in noninvasive ventilation in pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine that may influence current clinical practice and future studies. With ultimate goal is better care and outcome for our patients.

This book presents a comprehensive and modern approach to the imaging of nontraumatic and traumatic emergencies in pregnant patients. Readers will find a careful review of the relevant imaging-related clinical literature, explanation of imaging appropriateness criteria and guidelines, and enlightening discussion of current controversies in the emergency imaging of obstetric patients. The opening chapter discusses general principles of emergency imaging during pregnancy and offers an overview of an evidence-based approach to imaging interpretation. The remainder of the book describes specific applications of ultrasound, MRI, radiography, and MDCT for the imaging of common as well as less common acute brain, spine, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic conditions during pregnancy. Clear guidance is offered on the unique challenges that may be encountered during such imaging. Emergency Imaging of Pregnant Patients is written by a group of leading North American and Europeanemergency and trauma radiology experts. It will be of value to emergency and general radiologists, to emergency department physicians and related personnel, to obstetricians and gynecologists, to general and trauma surgeons, and to trainees in all of these specialties.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disease involving primarily the skeleton but affecting all organ systems. It is an extremely multifarious condition causing frequent fractures and limb and spinal deformity, which can often be severe. While there are described surgical procedures to treat these patients, due to the variety of the deformities and the fragility of the bone, the orthopaedic surgeon is often forced to adapt or modify a plan during an operation to achieve success. Surgical experience with the disease worldwide is often limited and variable, and due to constraints on medical equipment and surgical implants in resource-constrained countries, alternate methods of achieving the similar surgical endpoints are possible. This book will help guide decision-making in surgery using biologic and surgical principles to assist the planning and execution of surgery with available resources. It will then provide the surgeon with background knowledge of the genetic, medical and surgical principles necessary to formulate a comprehensive treatment plan, illustrated by varied and complex patient cases from experienced surgeons and clinicians worldwide. Beginning with an introduction to osteogenesis imperfecta and the general care of the patient, the book is divided into thematic sections covering general surgical considerations, principles of extremity surgery, and surgical cases on the pelvis, upper and lower extremities, and the spine, it will incorporate aspects of surgical decision-making, including cultural and geographic factors, to give a truly global perspective on the care of these complex patients.

A significantly expanded third edition, this book provides a comprehensive and concise overview of cardiac arrhythmias and their ECG/telemetry manifestations, including the principles of cardiac electrophysiology, current concepts of pharmacology, clinical features, diagnoses, and state-of-the-art treatments. Additionally, the book emphasizes decision-making strategies in approaching each individual patient and the application of technical innovations in specific clinical situations. Organized into eight parts, beginning chapters introduce the concepts and principles of cardiac electrophysiology, unique rhythms, and ECG waves/signs. These chapters are designed to integrate emerging knowledge in basic science and clinical medicine. Subsequent chapters focus on the diagnosis of a variety of cardiac arrhythmias using non-invasive methodology. Throughout the book, chapters continue to analyze pharmacological and other approaches to therapy of specific arrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardias, atrial fibrillation and flutter, ventricular arrhythmias, and bradyarrhythmias. Finally, the book closes with coverage on inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndromes including the long, short QT, and J-wave syndromes, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The third edition of Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias, is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, cardiac electrophysiology, and cardiac radiology.

The book covers all relevant topics of uropathology (tumoral and non-tumoral), from the normal histology of the genitourinary tract to pathological findings of diseases in the male genital and urinary tract. To make the content more accessible, all content is arranged alphabetically and each entry is uniformly structured, presenting the epidemiology, the clinical signs, the gross and histological features, the immunohistochemical stainings, and the molecular data for each disease. Histological pictures clarify the microscopic findings and help readers understand the differential diagnosis for genitourinary tract diseases. In addition to internationally respected experts on pathologies of the prostate, bladder, kidney and testis, researchers coming from other disciplines such as molecular biologists, soft tissue pathologists, dermatopathologists, hematopathologists and gynaecopathologists have contributed to this book, thus making it interesting for uropathologists, but also for students, residents, clinicians (surgeons, radiotherapists, oncologists, urologists, dermatologists) and researchers who deal with disciplines that call for knowledge of the pathologies of the male genital and urinary tracts.