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This book covers proper migraine diagnostic tools and treatment options. It addresses the complex nature of treating this pain condition and underscores the intricacies of diagnosis and management. Succinct yet thorough, the book opens with information on migraine diagnosis, symptomology, and pathophysiology. Subsequent chapters examine various current and emerging evidence-based treatment options including immune modulation, stem cell regenerative therapy, and new potential applications of therapeutics for use in pediatric migraine. Following this, the chapters discuss the processes of neuro-modulation, dietary modifications, and surgical treatment for chronic migraine disorders. The book concludes with a handy set of reference guides of commonly prescribed drugs and doses. Written by experts in the field, Migraine provides the headache or pain practitioner with a comprehensive yet quick reference thatfills a current gap in the literature for treating migraines and emerging therapeutic options.

This easily readable book describes a practical approach to electrodiagnostic medicine. Replete with well-curated figures, the relevant principles and procedures are clearly described and portrayed, including the anatomical details needed for successful nerve conduction studies and needle electrode examination. Numerous summary tables also convey key information in a concise and easily accessible manner. The reader is also able to reinforce understanding of the various topics through high-yield sample cases which are presented and discussed at the end of chapters. Electrodiagnostic Medicine, A Practical Approach is ideal reading for budding, junior as well as more experienced electrodiagnosticians, particularly those in the field neurology and physiatry.

This book serves as a comprehensive guide to pediatric cardiac computed tomography (CT), particularly for patients with congenital heart disease. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of congenital abnormalities (8/1000 of live births). Over the past two decades, the diagnostic medical approach has significantly changed with a considerable increase in the number of CT studies in pediatric patients. Preoperative surgical or interventional planning for children with CHD remains crucial and challenging, but despite this and the advancement in the development of new CT techniques and radiation dose reduction methods, there are limited books addressing pediatric cardiac CT.This work fills that gap by offering a complete look at the techniques and clinical utilization for pediatric cardiac CT with liberal use of images. The text begins with overarching themes of pediatric cardiac CT, like its advantages and techniques, and moves into covering different areas of the heart and possible presentations, like atrioventricular connections and cardiac tumors. Each chapter begins with a short introduction section followed by preoperative and postoperative cardiac CT imaging, management approach, and short-term and long-term outcomes. This book also describes the novel technologies being used for three-dimensional modelling and three-dimensional printing in the surgical preparation of patients with complex congenital heart disease. This book is the first to address pediatric cardiac CT image fusion to fluoroscopy to guide cardiac catheterization in patients with complex congenital heart disease. Radiation dose reduction during cardiac catheterization is also an important part of diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization that is covered in detail. The book concludes with an overarching look of the role cardiac CT plays in the pre- and post-operative evaluation of congenital heart disease in children.This book is an ideal guide for pediatric radiologists, pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiothoracic surgeons, related trainees, and any physician interested in advanced cardiac imaging.

This book is a detailed resource on the technical aspects of pediatric neurosurgery that relate to vascular malformations of the brain and spinal cord. It introduces concepts relevant to cerebrovascular system development and the classification of vascular malformations. Information on a range of disorders is then provided with an emphasis placed on answering frequently asked questions in relation to a particular condition. Therefore, enabling the reader to systematically improve their understanding of how approach treating patients utilizing techniques such as ultrasound and spinal angiography. The chapters, authored by experts in their respective field, provide a standard of care based on current diagnostic and management guidelines for pediatric neurosurgical diseases.Pediatric Vascular Neurosurgery: Technical Nuances in Contemporary Pediatric Neurosurgery (Part 2) is a comprehensive overview of how to approach diagnosing and treating a range of vascular malformations encountered in pediatric patients. The problem-solving approach of this work makes it a valuable addition to the literature and suitable for use by residents, fellows and consultants within pediatrics and allied specialities, including Neurosurgery, Neurology, Neuro-anesthesia, Neuro-critical care and advanced health care providers amongst others.

This book utilizes a uniform approach to provide a framework for the diagnosis of mesenchymal tumors of the breast while highlighting their mimics. Emphasis is placed on a practical approach to the morphologic interpretation and useful ancillary tests while exploring the differential diagnoses in depth. Given the overall low incidence of mesenchymal lesions of the breast along with their mimics, surgical pathologists are not consistently exposed to these spindle cell lesions. Compounding this problem is the broad differential that these lesions engender, with entities ranging from reactive/reparative lesions to poorly differentiated spindle cell malignancies. Furthering the challenge, the diagnoses may be complicated by fixation issues, sampling method, small sample size, lack of clinical history and prior treatment effects. The goal of this book is to introduce readers to the spectrum of these lesions while providing a systematic approach that helps establish accurate diagnoses that in turn drive appropriate clinical follow up and treatment. Chapters cover the spectrum of benign and malignant mesenchymal tumors and their mimics that are found in the breast in an easy to read format with richly detailed images to aid in diagnoses. The text also discusses practical components to aid in establishing and evaluating the differential diagnosis. Given how morphologically and clinically diverse these lesions are, Mesenchymal Tumors of the Breast and Their Mimics provides a construct for integrating the varied components that go into establishing a diagnosis for this challenging aspect of breast pathology.

This book concisely covers the latest developments in the application of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) within cardiovascular medicine. It details the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic mechanisms of DOACs and their application in treating patients with conditions ranging from coronary heart disease through kidney disease and cancer, including their perioperative management. Direct Oral Anticoagulants: From Pharmacology to Clinical Practice systematically describes the underlying mechanisms associated with DOACs and their use to treat a range of conditions and is an indispensable resource for all trainee and practicing physicians in a range of disciplines seeking a concise up-to-date resource on the topic.

Pathologic Myopia is a major cause of severe vision loss worldwide. The mechanisms for vision loss include cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment, and above all, myopic maculopathy within the posterior staphyloma. The first edition of Pathologic Myopia is one of the only current books to specifically address this disease and discusses recent developments in imaging technologies and various approaches to treatments, such as laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, pharmaco-therapeutic injections in the vitreous, and surgery. This new edition is a timely update to the standard reference in the field, with new chapters on advanced refractive error correction, genetics, developing a classification system, and special surgical approaches for pathologic myopia. Complete with even more high-quality color images and informative tables, this book is written and edited by leaders in the field and is geared towards ophthalmologists, including residents andfellows in training, glaucoma and cataract specialists, and vitreoretinal macula experts.

This extensively revised second edition provides a practically applicable guide for the management of cardiac arrhythmia. This subject has continued to expand rapidly, and it is therefore critical to understand the basic principles of arrhythmia mechanisms in order to assist with diagnosis and the selection of an appropriate treatment strategy. Comprehensively revised chapters cover a variety of aspects of cardiac electrophysiology in an easy-to-digest case-based format. For each case of arrhythmia, relevant illustrations, fluoroscopy images, ECGs and endocavity electrograms are used to describe the etiology, classification, clinical presentation, mechanisms, electrophysiology set up and relevant trouble-shooting procedures. New topics covered include the application of new antiarrhythmic drugs in tandem with ablation, techniques for the ablation of atrial fibrillation and electrophysiological assessments available for identifying instances of atrial tachycardia. Clinical Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology presents a comprehensive overview of cardiac electrophysiology, making it a valuable reference for practicing and trainee cardiac electrophysiologists, cardiologists, family practitioners, allied professionals and nurses.

This book is a first-of-its-kind unique atlas that synthesizes a full review of both upper and lower extremity reconstructive options in one text. While there are books that concentrate on local soft tissue coverage and other books that discuss all types of free flaps, this book features a full scope and provides the full spectrum of reconstructive options. It features high-quality pictures and made-just-for-this-text illustrations created by reconstructive surgeons with intimate knowledge of the procedures. This atlas includes a detailed description of each flap and presents high-quality pictures and graphics explaining relevant anatomy. Each chapter offers case presentations accompanied by explanations that describe why doctors select specific reconstructive options; this guides the readers on how to discern which flap to choose in which situation. Comprehensive Atlas of Upper and Lower Extremity: From Primary Closure to Free Tissue Transfer offers a comprehensive tool for plastic surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and some general surgeons who perform simple soft tissue coverage.

This third edition Atlas of Endoscopic Major Pulmonary Resections describes in detail the totally thoracoscopic approach to major pulmonary resections, in which only endoscopic instruments and monitor control are used. Pulmonary lobectomies and segmentectomies are presented step by step, using brief technical notes and high-quality, clearly labeled still images. Each chapter begins with information on the anatomical background, which is illustrated in three-dimensional reconstructions. In turn, technical ¿tricks¿ and specific pitfalls are explained in pictograms. The technical descriptions presented here are based on the author¿s own technique, which in some cases differs from other video-assisted approaches. The goal is for surgeons embarking on video-assisted major pulmonary resections ¿ regardless of which approach they use ¿ to find helpful hints and guidance on this totally new vision of pulmonary and mediastinal anatomy.The first edition of this atlas was released at a time when video-assisted major pulmonary resections were just emerging as a valid alternative to conventional techniques. In the second edition, chapters on sublobar resections, as a new alternative to lobectomy in selected patients, were added. In this third edition, as the interest in sublobar resections is growing, and because they are challenging, the technique is dealt with in depth. In particular, readers will be introduced to new imaging technologies to support these techniques.

This book functions as a resource for providers who treat patients with neuro-ophthalmic conditions. Using an evidence-based approach to controversial management decisions, the material is presented in a digestible, case-based format. Divided into six sections, the book begins with an introduction to its framework, format, and purpose. Following this, sections two, three, and four discuss various optic neuropathies, ocular motility disorders, and transient visual symptoms. The concluding sections then address neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of pain, including migraine and post-concussive syndrome, and systemic diseases, such as giant cell arteritis. Each chapter focuses on cases that are historically complex, or which have undergone a recent shift in traditional management due to new scientific discoveries or newly available therapies. Controversies in Neuro-Ophthalmic Management presents essential, thorough information on management options and the data for their use to provide the best care for patients.

This unique work presents one of the most significant organ failure condition ¿ cardiocirculatory shock ¿ and the prominent role of Methylene Blue (MB). Through their extensive experience, the authors¿ consider that the lifesaving feature of MB is still underestimated. For this reason they outline key concepts of MB, mentioning essential experimental data, yet focusing mainly on its application in the care of critically ill patients.In an easy-to-read format, the 18 chapters were organized in a didactically structured order, distributed in four parts. The first part introduces the general conceptual aspects and physiology of the endothelium. The second part presents the particularities of endothelial dysfunction in different types of shock. Methylene blue is discussed in detail in the third part. In the fourth part, particular situations of endothelial dysfunction, such as heart surgery and organ transplantation, are described. Additionally, the two complementary subjects of acid-base balance and the therapeutic use of inhaled nitric oxide are mentioned.Finally, looking for therapeutic alternatives for what we classify as "vasoplegic endothelial dysfunction", MB remains promising as an adjuvant to sympathomimetic amines. The combination of three recently proposed concepts may be useful in obtaining better results against the high mortality rates in critically ill patients. These three concepts are "wide-spectrum vasopressors", vasopressor economy strategies, and microcirculation protection against the harmful effects of using high concentrations of amines.This book¿s translational approach will appeal to a variety of readers within the health specialties of medicine, biomedicine, physiotherapy, nursing, odontology, and basic science.

This book presents clinical assessment and management solutions for those people who are exposed to Alcohol in Pregnancy. Over the last few decades we have begun to understand the enduring effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the developing fetus. The consequence of prenatal alcohol exposure - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders is a lifelong disorder and affects children and adults. It is a condition which is significantly under-recognised for many reasons. Assessment and diagnosis requires the input of multiple different professionals, and referral pathways are often poorly developed or non-existent. Information to support and guide these professionals in practical ways, what to do and how to help, remains limited. This book seeks to fill some of that gap by offering professionals, clear and useable research-based information and guidance that will help in their practice whilst also being a useful resource for anyone new to this increasingly recognised area of work.The book is divided into four broad areas bringing together chapters authored by experts in their field including those with lived experiences. Part one focuses on presenting an overview of the condition, and approaching women about their alcohol use and risk followed by part two focusing more around diagnostic issues. Part three follows with management advice, and part four revolves around policy and health prevention in general. Each chapter is designed to offer insight but also practical tips and support in an accessible manner. The book offers an essential guide for a broad range of health and social care professionals working with this condition.

The book encompasses the different concepts and designs using magnets for surgical purposes. It provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. The text reviews new data about interventions in all medical and surgical fields. Written by experts in their fields, topics focus on endoluminal and laparoscopic operations, techniques from vascular and GI anastomosis. The book demonstrates the use of magnets to treat a variety of diseases such as reflux, back pain, and fecal incontinence. The reader will learn how to retract and gain exposure, dissect tissue planes, achieve hemostasis, and create anastomosis in a totally different way. Physical properties of external surface and internal magnets are discussed. The authors emphasize the importance of partnering with industry leaders to develop novel surgical tools.By harnessing the power of attraction, the energy and might of magnets, Magnetic Surgery serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers in biomedical engineering interested in this form of energy and physical metal properties. In utilizing these properties, the book seeks to improve surgical outcomes of patients worldwide.

The field of musculoskeletal ultrasound has rapidly advanced in the past several years. The scanning protocols in particular have become more sophisticated and more standardized. Now in its fully revised and expanded second edition, this volume is the definitive resource on musculoskeletal ultrasound for the beginning practitioner.A new, first of its kind chapter has been added on ultrasound in Sports Medicine Emergencies. This expands the book topic from using POCUS as an office tool to its use on the athletic field to assist with emergencies. This new and detailed chapter includes the acute evaluation of an eye injury, lung, Morrison's pouch, IV access, fluid status, soft tissue and DVT protocols. Conforming to an identical chapter format, all previous chapters have been expanded and updated. Images have been reformatted to larger, clearer versions in addition to probe placement images going from black and white to full color. This book is dividedinto five different sections. It begins with chapters on the upper extremity such as the hand and wrist. The next section focuses on the lower extremity such as the foot and knee. The third section is nerve based and describes brachial plexus and major peripheral nerves. The fourth section covers Sports Medicine POCUS Emergencies. The last section details specific procedures such as I&D of abscess and hydrodissection. Each chapter follows a standard structure. They open with an approach to the patient, which contains the main pathology and clinical exam. The surface anatomy and ultrasound-based anatomy are then addressed. A discussion on patient positioning and probe settings follows. Pearls, pitfalls and red flags offer tips and pointers on scanning techniques as well as pathology not to be missed. Finally, each chapter is closed out with a summary report. Basics of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, 2e is a must-have reference for residents, fellowship directors, fellows and primary care physicians as well as athletic trainers, physician assistants, physical therapists and ultrasound technicians. It is also an excellent resource for participants of the AMSSM MSK ultrasound courses.

This is the second edition of an acclaimed, richly illustrated and comprehensive case-based atlas focusing on MRI of degenerative changes in the osteoarticular structures of the spine. Spinal degenerative disease is highly prevalent in the general population and its incidence increases with age. At the same time, degenerative spinal conditions are one of the most common causes of pain.The book presents a comprehensive overview of the MR findings observed in degenerative disease of spinal joints, ligaments and paravertebral muscles, and offers guidance on selecting the appropriate imaging protocol, which is critical in detecting the potentially very subtle changes. The MR study protocols presented include T2-weighted sequences with fat saturation and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences with fat saturation, since these sequences permit better visualization of inflammatory changes of both anterior and posterior elements of the spine.This richly illustratedsecond edition highlights the inflammatory component of the degenerative pathology of the spine, which in most cases is responsible for the painful symptomatology. It also discusses in detail the use of contrast medium in MRI of spinal degenerative disease. The ¿case-based¿ structure of the atlas allows easy but effective consultation by radiologists, neuroradiologists, rheumatologists, orthopedists and physiatrists, as well as students.

This book provides a practically applicable guide on how to develop essential microsurgery skills and successfully perform a range of procedures. Emphasis is placed within each chapter on equipping the reader with the necessary information to enable them to develop a strong foundational knowledge of every technique covered with clear step-by-step guides on how to perform a range of methodologies. Helpful tips are provided on how to avoid common pitfalls and enhance skill acquisition. Accompanying video material also reinforces the key points detailed. Topics covered include how to develop skills utilizing the porcine model of flap harvesting along with the use of animal models for techniques such as vascular anastomoses, anesthesia, and exposure of relevant recipient vessels. Microsurgery Manual for Medical Students and Residents is a detailed resource on how to acquire core microsurgery skills, making it an ideal resource for medical students and trainees seeking a resource on how to further develop their skills.

This book is a first-of-its kind reference that systematically organizes and describes the adverse effects of drugs on the nervous system. Drug safety is recognized as an important aspect of pharmaceutical companies as well as practice of medicine. Chapters include case reports of adverse effects of drugs that are published as well as reported to drug manufacturers. The book scope is broad as it covers lack of efficacy, drug resistance, drug-disease and drug-drug interactions. This information is used to improve the use of drugs as well as to design better and safer drugs for the future, and is relevant to personalized medicine in trying to match the right drugs to the patients.Drug-induced Neurological Disorders offers a unique approach to this important topic by integrating clinical neurology with pharmacology with a focus on effects of drugs on the nervous system including those used for the treatment of neurological disorders as well systemic diseases. Many adverse effects involve multiple systems of the body and the syndromes with predominant effect on the nervous system are included in this book.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the basic physiology of the cardiac and pulmonary systems, tools for cardiopulmonary monitoring, and related issues in the management of specific conditions. The volume is divided into three main parts. The first part examines the functional basis of normal and abnormal physiology, organized into cardiac and pulmonary units and followed by a ¿combined¿ interactive component. The next section discusses cardiopulmonary monitoring tools and variables and is also divided into cardiac (e.g, echocardiography, heart rate, cardiac output), pulmonary (e.g, lung volume, pleural pressure, electrical impedance tomography), and combined tools such as radiology/MRI and tissue perfusion tests. The third section concerns the management and application of specific clinical problems such as pulmonary hypertension, cardiac shunts, cardiogenic shock, and ECMO with an emphasis on the physiological basics. Cardiopulmonary Monitoring: Basic Physiology, Tools, and Bedside Management for the Critically Ill is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, medical students, and researchers in cardiology, critical care, emergency medicine, anesthesiology, and radiology.

This atlas presents a collection of richly illustrated teaching cases. It covers the fundamentals of orthopedic oncology complemented with relevant aspects that are demonstrated using individual cases. In a specialty that deals with a relatively smaller number of cases compared to tumors of other systems, this atlas prepares readers for clinical practice by combining a problem-based learning (PBL) approach, which lies on the continuum between structured and guided learning, with theory and practical insights.The book is divided into sections, arranged according to anatomical regions and the reconstruction type. Each section focuses on a specific anatomical region, and each case presentation includes the basic clinical history, basic principles, preoperative, perioperative and radiographic images, a pitfall list, treatment strategy, technical pearls, outcomes and complications. For each region the authors discuss both the biological and non-biological reconstruction techniques. The book is designed to actively involve the reader, making it an invaluable tool for all orthopedic surgeons confronted with oncologic surgery. The book is intended for trainees in orthopedics, orthopedic oncology fellows as well as practicing consultants.