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This book offers a concise and updated guide for all readers (physicians and non-physicians) interested in gaining a comprehensive and precise understanding of sarcopenia. Over the last several years, sarcopenia has increasingly developed from being a concept known only in research settings to one that is commonly explored in journals and scientific meetings for various disciplines, such as geriatrics, rheumatology and rehabilitation medicine. Thus, all domains of sarcopenia, from molecular aspects to clinical management, represent highly active areas of research and clinical practice for health professionals in a variety of fields, including geriatric medicine, nutrition, and epidemiology. Despite being a relatively new concept in medicine, sarcopenia is increasingly being recognized as an important determinant of other health conditions, including mortality and disability.This book, written by experts from around the globe, covers several core aspects of sarcopenia management, from molecular mechanisms to genetics, epidemiology, diagnosis and finally treatment, including the clinical impact of sarcopenia as a risk factor, the known genetic and molecular aspects that can aid in predicting sarcopenia, and selected treatment and therapy concepts, including indications for nutrition and physical exercise. Sharing data from the latest studies, it will be of considerable interest not only for geriatricians, but also for a wide range of other readers.

This book addresses and summarizes the main andrological disorders (genital, reproductive or sexual diseases) that may originate in childhood or adolescence.Since many of the andrological diseases that occur in adulthood originate before the age of 18 and sometimes even during gestation, andrological evaluation is essential during childhood to highlight anomalies in the genital organs. During puberty, evaluation can help to monitor growth and secondary sex characteristics, and to assess e.g. the possible presence of an eunucoid habitus, gynecomastia, testicular hypotrophy or varicocele, a very common pathology in young people. During adolescence, the assessment of risk factors, such as those related to certain lifestyles, is of fundamental importance for primary prevention. Moreover, in late adolescence the focus shifts to preventing sexually transmitted infections, or to dealing with possible discomforts related to the sexual sphere. Finally, ensuring young people¿s genital and sexual health also means protecting their fertility. Written by respected experts in the field, this book constitutes an innovative resource, combining updated, reliable and comprehensive information with agile consultation in order to provide a streamlined approach to the care of children and adolescents with such disorders.

The global population is aging rapidly, and as a result emergency abdominal surgery for acute abdomen in the elderly has become a global issue. Demographic changes in the population have also altered the profile of emergency abdominal surgery, with typical causes of acute abdomen in the elderly including acute cholecystitis, incarcerated hernia, bowel obstruction and appendicitis. In these patients, recovery from surgery is often complicated, leading to longer hospital stays compared with younger patients. Laparoscopy in the emergency setting is well established and offers a number of advantages over open surgical approaches, such as reduced postoperative pain, length of hospital stay and complication rates. While laparoscopic surgery for acute diverticulitis has become more widespread, in other conditions, like small bowel obstruction and perforated peptic ulcer, laparotomy is still used in about 70% of cases. Further, despite the urgent need for knowledge regarding surgical treatment of acute abdomen in the elderly, there is still a lack of evidence in this relevant clinical field.This book analyzes the management strategies and critically evaluates the outcomes of laparoscopic emergency surgery for acute abdomen in the elderly according to the principles of evidence-based medicine. Discussing each topic clearly, and promoting the use of emergency laparoscopy in elderly patients, the book is intended for young general surgeons and surgeons in training with at least a basic knowledge of surgery for acute abdomen. It is also useful as a quick reference tool during on-call shifts.

Early osteoarthritis is novel topic for orthopedic surgeons and its process begins immediately after joint injury. The mechanical restoration of the joint surface or ligamentous stability is not sufficient to restore the homeostatic environment in the joint, and this leads to osteoarthritis, despite mechanical stability and alignment. This book sheds light on the various mechanisms and systems involved in the gradual decline of the injured joint toward manifest osteoarthritis.Published in collaboration with ISAKOS, this volume appeals to all stakeholders in surgical orthopaedics and sports medicine.

Rotator cuff surgery is currently the most common surgical procedure involving the shoulder. Unfortunately despite major technical advances, there is still a significant rate of failure of primary rotator cuff repair, ranging from 10% to 40%. This book describes the diagnosis, classification, assessment, and management of failed rotator cuff repairs. It also explores the etiology of the failed repairs, presents a series of treatment options, and discusses the complications. In a multidisciplinary format it addresses both how to prevent failure and how to diagnose and manage the failed rotator cuff, including imaging, laboratory testing, nutrition, surgery and rehabilitation. This comprehensive book, published in collaboration with ISAKOS, appeals to all stakeholders in orthopedic medicine and surgery.

Meningiomas are the most frequently reported neuro-oncologic condition, accounting for 12% to 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. The first case of intracranial meningioma treated with stereotactic radiosurgery was reported by Backlund E-O in 1971. Since then, more than 200,000 meningiomas have been treated with stereotactic radiosurgery worldwide to date. The large number of patients treated using this method is due to the fact that meningiomas are frequently located in critical areas and microsurgery is often associated with severe and permanent neurological complications.This book discusses the advantages, risks and limits of stereotactic radiosurgery relating to all regions of interest for a neuroradiosurgical approach for the treatment of central nervous system meningiomas. Firstly, it presents an introduction focusing on the ¿state of the art¿. It then discusses the physics, imaging, neurological and neuro-oncological issues in multidisciplinary management. Lastly, it features a summary of results, including the most recent published papers regarding all the locations involved in the stereotactic radiosurgery treatment as well as new approaches to meningiomas, with particular reference to the hypofrationated treatments. Intended for anyone involved in the neuroradiosurgical treatment of brain diseases, the book provides an up-to-date overview of the latest stereotactic radiosurgery treatment of central nervous system meningiomas.

This book explores the history of the Mayo Clinic Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory from 1940 to present day. It examines the life and journey of the Cardiac Catheterization Lab and its ultimate success in implementing the vision of the Mayo philosophy of emphasizing collaboration between lab-based scientists and clinical health care professionals to bring innovation to the clinical practice and lead landmark changes in the practice of medicine profoundly enhancing what we can offer to patients and society alike. The book is divided into decades, with separate sections in each decade on key cardiology topics such as congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease, hemodynamics, pacing, and electrophysiology (EP). Chapters will highlight training, advances, new procedures, new technologies, and fundamental changes to the field throughout the decades, attributed to the work done by Cath lab personnel. Chapters also identify the problems faced, the unmetclinical needs of patients and society, problems solved, and things learned and transmitted into the clinical arena along the way. The Mayo Clinic Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory will be a valuable resource for health care professionals, clinicians, scientists, innovators, administrators, and small and large device manufacturing companies as well as historians and past and present patients.

This volume highlights and broadens our understanding of the correct use and the possible contraindications of contrast agents applied in radiology. Written by experts in the field, it not only focuses on the chemistry, physiochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of both iodinated and gadolinium-containing contrast agents, but also on the relevant safety issues such as frequency of their short- and long-term side effects and ways to avoid them nephrotoxicity risk related to the iodinated contrast agents NSF (nephrogenic systemic fibrosis) accumulation of gadolinium in the brain use of contrast agents in pediatric patients and pregnancy It also includes essential data on the use of contrast agents, such as scanning protocols, in the context of various clinical conditions. This comprehensive manual addresses all professionals involved in radiological imaging and is an invaluable tool for radiologists and technologists, as well as for residents and clinicians.

In recent years, substantial progress has been made in the approaches to diagnosis and treatment of severe liver diseases in the pediatric ICU, from various forms of liver failure and hepatitis to acute and chronic liver disease. New techniques and tools are being utilized to prevent patients from experiencing complications and for patients in recovery from operations on the native or donor liver. This book describes the clinical presentation and management of liver diseases in the intensive care unit with the pediatric patient in mind. In addition, advances in bone marrow transplantation, cardiac-generated liver disorders and new therapeutic approaches, such as artificial liver support, are discussed in detail. Presenting the current available knowledge in a compelling form, Liver Diseases in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit is a valuable resource for pediatric gastroenterologists and hepatologists, pediatricians and intensivists.

The global burden of geriatric hip fractures is enormous. From both the patient's and physician¿s perspective, the injury is complex. A hip fracture often changes a patient¿s life and/or the life of the patient¿s family permanently. From the physician¿s perspective, care of geriatric hip fracture patients requires a multidisciplinary team, which is led by the surgeon and which includes internists and other subspecialists within internal medicine, anesthesiologists, nurses, operating room technicians, social workers, physical therapists, and rehabilitation center coordinators and staff. Nowhere in the orthopedic literature is there a text that guides care for these complex patients from injury through recovery. This text is the first to do so by organizing and synthesizing a large body of literature. Its main themes include pre-operative, operative, and post-operative care of the patient who sustains a geriatric hip fracture. Its main objective is to organize the current body of literature into a cohesive whole so that the busy orthopedic surgeon does not have to undertake a literature search each time he or she wants an answer to the myriad questions that characterize a patient¿s injury, treatment, and recovery course. With regard to pedagogy, because orthopedic surgeons in training will utilize this book, and because the case study is the central pedagogical tool in the field of orthopedic surgery, this book includes case studies within each chapter, with the author¿s preferred treatment and decision-making rationale for each case. Selected video supplements reinforce real-world application of knowledge.Practicing orthopedic surgeons, as well as orthopedic residents and fellows in training, will find Geriatric Hip Fractures: A Practical Approach a highly useful and informative resource.

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes), also known as vape devices or by trade names such as JUUL, are handheld devices that aerosolize liquid commonly containing nicotine, humectants and flavorings. Used by 1 in 5 high school students in 2020, they are the most common tobacco product used by youth. E-cigarette use has been associated with a variety of health issues such as nicotine addiction, e-cigarette or vaping associated lung illness (EVALI), seizures, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This first-of-its-kind book begins with an introduction and background on the historical context of tobacco products. The next chapters provide an overview of the e-cigarette landscape and reviews the e-cigarette devices and solutions and the evolution of these products. This is followed by reviews of the health effects of e-cigarettes on users and non-users and includes recommendations for prevention and treatment of youth e-cigarette use. The last few chapters address thepublic health impact of e-cigarettes with a review of the evidence of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation. The book closes with policy and advocacy approaches and a resource page. E-cigarette and vape device use pose a public health crisis. This book contains succinct practical information and is a key reference for pediatricians as well as clinicians of all specialities. It also serves as a resource for health professionals, including tobacco dependence treatment providers and public health experts.

This book is a valuable source for oncologists and all other physicians dealing with cancer survivors. It provides detailed information on the evidence-based benefits and forms of intervention, with contributions by a highly prestigious and well recognized panel of experts. Chapters deal with all features of survivorship outlining the role of the oncologist and other caregivers and discusses survivorship care in different countries and different settings.The book addresses new challenges and complex issues broader than medical issues faced by patients who are cured highlighting that cancer is no longer a death sentence. It provides evidence-based management guidance and addresses issues such as symptom management, palliative care, screening for recurrence, rehabilitation, fertility issues among others. This is an indispensable resource for oncologists, oncology nurses and other professionals dealing with cancer patients as well as patient advocacy groups and cancer leagues.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of fibromyalgia syndrome that focuses on integrating concepts relevant to the pathogenesis, epidemiology and treatment of the condition. Details of how to manage sleep disorders, assess related disabilities, use pharmacological and complementary treatments are provided. Relevant aspects of neuromodulation, genetics, and neuromodulation are also covered. Therefore, enabling the reader to develop a deep understanding of the underlying triggers of and tools for assessing and treating fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia Syndrome features a wealth of information on the basic science and contains guidance on how to make clinical decisions when treating patients with this condition, and is a valuable resource for any medical professional or trainee seeking a dedicated up-to-date resource on the topic.

This book provides a wide-ranging overview of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms in ophthalmology. Expertly written chapters examine AI in age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy screening. AI perspectives, systems and limitations are all carefully assessed throughout the book as well as the technical aspects of DL systems for retinal diseases including the application of Google DeepMind, the Singapore algorithm, and the Johns Hopkins algorithm. Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology meets the need for a resource that reviews the benefits and pitfalls of AI, ML and DL in ophthalmology. Ophthalmologists, optometrists, eye-care workers, neurologists, cardiologists, internal medicine specialists, AI engineers and IT specialists with an interest in how AI can help with early diagnosis and monitoring treatment in ophthalmic patients will find this book to be an indispensable guide to an evolving area of healthcare technology.

This comprehensive atlas, featuring a wealth of top quality photographs of fresh cadaveric dissections, is a superb guide to anatomic structures in the oral and maxillofacial region that will be an ideal aid in clinical practice. It has the important benefit of enabling readers to observe the anatomy from the same view as seen during invasive clinical procedures. This is critical for a better understanding of these procedures, and surgical annotations are included as necessary. Atlas of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy is the first book of its kind to be devoted to the clinical anatomy of the region for dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. It will satisfy the demand for such a comprehensive atlas in this field of surgery and will be welcome and timely for clinicians and trainees. Beyond specialists and residents in oral and maxillofacial surgery and general dentists, the book will be of value for craniofacial surgeons, anatomists, plastic surgeons, ENT surgeons, head andneck surgeons, neurosurgeons, dental students, medical students, dental hygienists, and nurses working with dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

This heavily revised second edition of this critical book details the structure, function and imaging of the normal right heart both at rest and under the stresses of high altitude and exercise. Extensively revised chapters cover the pathophysiology and pathobiology of right heart dysfunction, both in experimental models and human disease, including congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension.The Right Heart provides a concise up-to-date guide on the latest advances in our understanding of role of the right heart in the cardiopulmonary circuit and is an indispensable up-to-date resource for clinicians interested in this topic.

This book provides a comprehensive state-of-the art overview on the main trends in the newest endoscopic, robotic, and minimal invasive surgical innovations. It also aims to give insight on some of the innovative ideas around Gastro-intestinal Surgery and Endoscopy to stimulate further activities. It contains established knowledge in the field of endoscopic and surgical techniques, and the integration of these new findings in updated therapeutic decision making are demonstrated. The text reviews the latest literature on the subjects and describes the decision making to establish new therapeutic options in the management of diseases applying new technologies. These new techniques are described in detail, which provide excellent back-up information for clinicians in daily practice.Written by experts in the field, Innovative Endoscopic and Surgical Technology in the GI Tract is a valuable resource of knowledge for clinicians, surgeons, nurses, technicians, students and researchers with an interest in GI- disease.

This book provides a practical overview of osteoporosis for the wide spectrum of clinicians that might encounter the osteoporotic patient. Concise and well-structured chapters examine the public health importance of the condition, the current treatment gap, how to identify individuals who would benefit from treatment, bone turnover and how this can be modified by osteoporosis therapies, adjuvant lifestyle modification, the calcium and vitamin D story, antiresorptive therapies, anabolic therapies, emerging therapies, adherence and compliance with therapy and the perception of fracture risk. Osteoporosis Treatment: A Clinical Overview meets the need for a book that improves awareness of this major public health problem and possible therapeutic approaches. Primary care physicians, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, orthopaedic surgeons and those providing specialist care for the elderly will all benefit from this highly accessible and informative guide to treating osteoporosis.

This book provides a comprehensive insight into this special form of image-guided interventional therapy and its indications. It begins by introducing the fundamental principles of radiotherapy, the most up-to-date guidelines and the interdisciplinary aspects of the technique and then expands to more practical aspects such as therapy planning, indications and the use of the technique for certain tumor types, including liver metastases, rare tumors, cerebral malignancies and prostate tumors.Written and edited by pioneers in this technique, the chapter¿s outline results and numerous illustrated case studies from the daily routine of daily clinical practice providing an insightful guidance to this relatively new but growing method.This is an indispensable guide for oncologists, radiation therapists and radiologists, but also general practitioners and all other specialties, which have an oncological focus.