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Detection of Early Fatty Plaque Using Quantitative Ultrasound Methods.- Pattern Recognition on Human Skin Tissue.- Quantitative Imaging of Acoustical and Histological Properties of Excised Tissues.- A Fast Algorithm for Transkull Brain Imaging.- Detection of Root Caries.- Reflex Transmission Imaging: Visualization and Evaluation of Calculi for Lithotripsy.- Self Focusing with "Time Reversal" Acoustic Mirrors.- Acoustic Phase Conjugation using Nonlinear Electroacoustic Interaction and Its Application to Scanning Acoustic Imaging Systems.- An Echolocation and Imaging Using Transducers of Directionally Distinguishable Impulse Response.- An Ultrasonic Robot Eye Using Neural Networks.- Inverse Scattering and Diffraction Tomography Using Intensity Data.- Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Refractive Index Distribution Using the Born Iterative and Distorted Born Iterative Methods.- Decision-Theoretic Treatment of Superresolution Based Upon Oversampling and Finite Support.- A Generalized Framework for Incoherent Pulse Echo Processing and Imaging: The Random Phase Transducer Approach.- Spatial Pulse Response Computing for Reflection - Time Domain Approach.- NDE of Delaminations During Processing of Carbon-Carbon Composites.- Ultrasonic Imaging and Finite Element Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Cylinders.- Applications of High Resolution Deconvolution Techniques to Ultrasonic NDE.- Characterization of Layered Structures by a Liquid Wedge Transducer and a Corner Reflector.- Non-Destructive Evaluation of Engineering Ceramics by High-Frequency Acoustic Techniques.- Acoustic Microscopy of Ceramic Bearing Balls.- Evaluation of Skin Biopsy Samples Using Acoustical Microscopy and Comparison with Conventional Pathological Studies and Light Microscopy.- Observation of Stable Crack Growth in AL2O3 - Ceramics by Acoustic Microscopy and Acoustic Emission.- Direct Measurements of the SAW Velocity and Attenuation Using Continuous Wave Reflection Scanning Acoustic Microscope (SAMCRUW).- Electronic Scanning in Acoustic Microscopy Using a Wedge Transducer.- Holographic Scanning Laser Acoustic Microscopy and Applications.- Acoustic Images Observed by Directional PFB Microscope.- Initial Phase Estimation and Tomographic Reconstruction for Multiple-Frequency Acoustic Microscopy.- Deconvolution of Exploration Seismic Data.- Tomographic Reconstruction for Imaging EOR Processes in Hydrocarbon Reservoirs.- Geophysical Diffraction Tomography.- Imaging of the Nonlinear Acoustic Parameter B/A.- Least Squares Estimation and Imaging Using Phase and Frequency Measurements of the Nonlinear Parameter B/A.- Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Tomography for the Non-Intrusive Measurement of Flow Velocity Fields.- Comparison of Estimation Strategies for the Determination of Blood Velocity Using Ultrasound.- Application of a New Aliasing-Defeating Method to Pulsed-Doppler Flow Imaging Systems.- Estimation of Center Frequency and Variance of Ultrasonic Doppler Signal by Using Second-Order Autoregressive Model.- An Optimization Method for Acoustic Impedance Estimation of Layered Structures Using Prior Knowledge.- The Feasibility of Real-Time 3D-Acoustical Imaging.- A Comparison of Broadband Holographic and Tomographie Imaging Concepts.- An Experimental Study of Diffraction Tomography under the Born Approximation.- Initial Testing of a Clinical Ultrasound Mammograph.- Modified Fresnel Approximation and Acoustical Holography.- Improvements of the Multilayer Holo-Acoustic Tomography by Iterative and Algebraic Techniques.- Development of an Underwater Frontal Imaging Sonar, Concept of 3-D Imaging System.- Signal Processing in the 1988 Monterey Bay Acoustic Tomography Experiment.- Results from an Experimental Synthetic Aperture Sonar.- High Resolution Wigner Distribution for Sonar Applications.- An Imaging Operator for a High Speed Holographic Sonar which Uses an Incompletely Orthogonalized Wavefront.- Three-Dimensional Display Technique for Fish-Finder with Fan-Shaped Multiple Beams.- Tu...

Collisional Electron Detachment in Dielectric Gases.- A Technique for the Measurement of Electron Attachment to Short-Lived Excited Species.- Total Cross Sections for Electron Scattering and Attachment for SF6 and Its Electrical-Discharge By-Products.- Electron Localization Effects and Resonant Attachment to O2 Impurities in Highly Compressed Neon Gas.- Temperature Dependence of the Dissociative Electron Attachment to CH3Cl and C2H5Cl.- Multibody Electron Capture Processes in the Gas Phase.- Leader Breakdown in Compressed SF6: Recent Concepts and Understanding.- Electrical Breakdown in the Space Environment.- Positive Synergism and Time-Resolved Swarm Experiments.- Discharge Development in Air at Very High Humidity Levels.- Negative $$\bar \eta$$ Synergism in CF2Cl2-N2 and CF2Cl2-CO2 Gas Mixtures.- Excitation and Ionisation in the Transient State Discharge in Pure Nitrogen.- Discussion of Some Space-Charge Effects in the Context of Low-Temperature and High-Field Steady-State Gas Discharges.- Non-equilibrium Effects in the Initiation of Pseudospark Discharges.- Dissociation Processes in Plasma Chemistry and Gaseous Dielectrics.- The Calculation of Leader Propagation in Point/Plane Gaps Under Very Fast Transient Stress.- Fractal Description of Electrical Discharges.- A Two-Dimensional Simulation of A Hollow-Cathode Discharge.- Similarities Between High Electric Field Electron Emission and Consequent Breakdown Processes in Compressed Gases and Vacuo.- Liquid Breakdown and Its Relation to Gas Breakdown.- Corona Discharges in Liquid and Gaseous Hydrocarbons: The Influence of Pressure.- Electron Drift Velocities in Fast Dielectric Liquids and Their Vapors.- Gas Breakdown and Its Relation to Vacuum and Liquid Breakdown Under The Influence of Electric and Magnetic Field.- Measurement of the Figure of Merit M for Several SF6-Based Binary Gas Mixtures.- Mode Transitions in Hollow-Cathode Discharges.- Formation of Cathode Spots by Unipolar Arcing.- Detachment of Electrons From Negative Ions in Electrical Discharges.- Time Lags and Optical Investigations of Pre-Discharge in SF6/N2 - Mixtures at Very Fast Transient Voltages.- Non-Uniform Field Flashover Characteristics in SF6 Gas Under Negative Steep-Front and Oscillating Impulse Voltages.- Breakdown Characteristics of Non-Uniform Gaps in SF6 Under Fast Oscillating Impulse Voltages.- The Effect of Leader Propagation on the V-t Curves Under LI and VFT in GIS.- Insulating Characteristics of Small SF6 Gas Gaps Under Lightning Impulse Voltages.- Low and High Voltage Distribution Along a Cap and Pin Insulator String Subjected to AC and Impulse Voltages.- Starting Processes and the Influence of the Radioactivity of Thorium on the Statistical Lag Time in Metal Halide Lamps.- Breakdown of Air Gaps Under Oscillatory Simulated Switching Surges.- Gas-Solid Interface Emissions Determined by the ESAW Charge Detection Method.- Contribution of a Solid Insulator to an Electron Avalanche in Nitrogen Gas.- Impulse Surface Charging and Flashover.- Particle-Initiated Prebreakdown Characteristics With An Insulator Stressed on 60 Hz Voltage in SF6.- High Power Gaseous Opening and Closing Switches.- Laser Triggering of Gas Filled Spark Gaps.- A New Approach for an Opening Switch for Repetitive Operations.- A Macroscopic Gas Breakdown Relationship.- Mitigation of Potential Health Hazards of Transmission Line Fields.- Electric and Magnetic Fields: An Engineer's Perspective.- Relative Potency as a Means of Evaluating ELF Health Risks.- Influence of Memory on the Statistics of Pulsating Corona.- Pulsed Corona Experiments.- Current Stability of Negative Corona Discharges in SF6 and Delayed Spark Breakdown.- Verification of Direct-Current Corona Models Employing the Deutsch Approximation.- Frequency Effects in Alternating Current Corona.- A Mass Spectrometer Study of Ionization in SF6 Corona: Influence of Water and Neutral By-Products.- High Voltage DC Gas Insulation - A World-Wide Review.- Gas-Insulated Substation...

I. Intracellular Communications.- Tissue Specificity and Cell Death are Associated with Specific Alterations in Nuclear Matrix Proteins.- Mechanism of Growth Regulation in Androgen Responsive Cells.- The Impact of Androgen, Extracellular Matrix, and Stroma upon Proliferation and Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Prostate Epithelial Cells.- Therapeutic Approaches to Activating Programmed Cell Death of Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer Cells.- Cell Motility and Structural Harmonics in Prostate Cancer.- Panel Discussion.- II. Growth Factors - 1.- Studies of the Endocrine and Paracrine Effect of Tumor Produced Factors in Human Genitourinary Cancers.- Fibroblast Growth Factor: Implications in the Etiology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.- Fibroblast-Mediated Human Epithelial Tumor Growth and Hormonal Responsiveness In Vivo.- Polyamine Requirement of Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation.- Heparin-Binding (Fibroblast) Growth Factor/Receptor Gene Expression in the Prostate.- Characterization and Partial Purification of a Non - Heparin-Binding Prostate Growth Factor From Cancerous Human Prostate.- Panel Discussion.- Growth Factors - 2.- Transforming Growth Factor a: A Potential Autocrine Growth Regulator in Prostatic Carcinoma.- Prostatic Growth Factors (PrGFs) - From the Identification of Probasin to the Role of PrGFs.- Urogenital Sinus Derived Growth Inhibitory Factor.- Growth Factor Antagonists in Prostate Cancer: Suramin and Cytotoxic Polyamines as Potential Therapy.- Transforming Growth Factors in Human Prostate Cancer.- Gene Products as the Motivating Force in the Prostate Cell's Response to Androgens.- Panel Discussion.- III. Steroid Receptors.- Molecular Biology of Prostate - Specific Antigen.- Structure and Expression of the Androgen Receptor in Normal Tissues and in Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines.- Structural Analysis and Gene Expression of TR2 Receptor and TR3 Receptor.- cDNA Cloning, Antibody Production and Immunohistochemical Localization of the Androgen Receptor.- New Approaches to Studies on the Androgen Receptor.- Specific Receptors for Vitamin D3 in Human Prostatic Carcinoma Cells.- Panel Discussion.- IV. Poster Presentations.- Role of Androgens and Extracellular Matrix in the Growth and Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Prostatic Epithelial Cells.- Tissue Specificity and Cell Death Are Associated with Specific Alterations in Nuclear Matrix Proteins.- ElTect of Transformation on Rat Prostatic Fibroblasts: Alterations In Extracellular Matrix and Cytoskeleton Gene Expression with Retention of Androgen Responsiveness and Androgen Receptor Expression.- A Potential Role for the MDR-1 Gene in the Development of Androgen-Independent Tumors.- Relevance of Low Androgen Levels and Adrenal Androgens in the Growth of Transplantable Human Prostatic Carcinomas.- Growth-Stimulating Effect of Growth Factor(s) from Androgen Independent Tumor Cells (CS 2-Cell) on Androgen Responsive Tumor Cells.- The Cellular Form of Human Prostatic Acid Phosphatase May Function as a Phosphotyrosyl Protein Phosphatase in Cells.- Expression of Prostate Antigen in LNCaP Cells in Culture.- Allelic Expression of the Mouse Ren-1 Genes in the Anterior Prostate (Coagulating Gland).- V. Dna Structure and Gene Expression.- Genomic Alterations in Prostatic Cancer.- Regulation of Gene Expression in the Prostate.- Androgen Regulation of HBGF I-(aFGF) and Characterization of the Androgen-Receptor mRNA in the Human Prostate Carcinoma Ceil Une - LNCaP/A-dep.- DNA Methylation, Differentiation and Cancer.- Evidence for tbe Involement of Genetic Differences and Mesenchymal Factors in the Progression of Oncogene - Induced Prostate Cancer in Reconstituted Mouse Prostate.- Differential Hybridization Analysis as a Tool to Study Prostatic Cancer Metastasis.- Molecular Biology of Androgen Acceptors in Prostatic Cancer Cells.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Contributors.

1. An Introductory Review.- 2. Fabrication Techniques for Submicron Devices.- 3. Heterojunctions and Interfaces.- 4. Semiclassical Carrier Transport Models.- 5. Transient Hot-Carrier Transport.- 6. Alloys and Superlattices.- 7. The Electron-Electron Interaction.- 8. Lateral Surface Superlattices.- 9. Quantum Transport in Small Structures.- 10. Noise in Submicron Devices.

I. Formal Methods.- Artificial Neural Networks that Learn Many-Body Physics.- Quantum Statistical Microdynamics and Critical Phenomena.- Quantum Spin Lattice Models: a Coupled-Cluster Treatment.- Time Dependent Mean Field Approximation in a Boson System.- Inhomogeneous Boson System Made Planar.- II. Quantum Fluids.- The Shape of Fluids.- Single Particle Properties of Atomic Deuterium.- Studies of the Critical Point of 4He.- The Spectral Function of Bose Superfluids: a Sum Rule Approach.- III. Electronic Systems, Atoms and Molecules.- Collective Spin Waves in Maxwellian Electron Plasma.- Test of Density Functional Approximation for an Atom in a Strong Magnetic Field.- Ionic Diffusion Phenomena in Superionic Conductors.- Electric Field Induced Solidification-Theory of Electro-Rheology Fluids.- Toward a Non-Born-Oppenheimer Density Functional Theory in the Context of Local-Scaling Transformations.- Bragg Intensities and Diffuse Scattering in Ag2Se: a Molecular Dynamics Study.- IV. High-Tc Superconductivity.- Dynamics of the Anderson Model for Dilute Magnetic Alloys: a Quantum Monte Carlo and Maximum Entropy Study.- High Temperature Superconductivity in an Exactly Solvable Model.- Cooper Pair Binding Energy and the BCS Gap Energy Revisited.- Coopers Pairs, Local Pairs, and TF-Scaled High-Tc Superconductivity.- Electron-Hole Liquid Model for High Tc-Superconductivity.- MEP Approach to the Anderson-Hubbard Model.- V. Lattice Theories.- Correlated Lattice Fermions in High Dimensions.- Cluster Gutzwiller Approximation.- The U(1)3 Lattice Gauge Vacuum.- Electronic Diamagnetism in Two-Dimensional Lattices.- Nuclear Physics and QCD.- Meson-Meson Scattering as a Many-Body Problem.- Alpha-Nucleus Interaction from an Inverse Scattering and Energy-Density Formalism.- Spin and Tensor Correlations in Model Nuclear Matter.- On Narrow ? Hypernuclear States with Positive Energy.- Electromagnetic Response in Nuclear Matter and Complex Nuclei.- Use of Correlated Hyperspherical Harmonic Basis for Strongly Interacting Systems.- Variational Cluster Methods in Coordinate Space for Small Systems: Center of Mass Corrections Made Easy.- Short-Range Correlations and Single-Particle Spectral Functions in Nuclear Matter.- Functional Techniques in the Many-Body Problem: the Longitudinal Nuclear Response function.- Contributors and Participants.

I Taxonomy, Ecology and Phylogeny.- Halophily, Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Nomenclature.- The Microbiota of Saline Lakes of the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica.- Halophilic Organisms and the Environment.- Estimation of the Contribution of Archaebacteria and Eubacteria to the Bacterial Biomass and Activity in Hypersaline Ecosystems: Novel Approaches.- Some Primary and Secondary Metabolites of Hypersaline Microbial Mats and Associated Sediments.- Taxonomy of New Species of Moderately Halophilic Eubacteria.- Phenotypic Characterization of Halophilic Bacteria from Ground Water Sources in the United States.- II Physiology.- Halophiles of All Kinds: What are they up to now, and Where do they come from?.- Mechanism of Chloride Transport in Halophilic Archaebacteria.- Processes of Adaptation of Different Cell-Lines of Dunaliella to Widely Differing Salt Concentrations.- Osmoregulation in Rhizobium meliloti: Control of Glycine Betaine Biosynthesis and Catabolism.- Is the Na+-Activated NADH-Quinone-Acceptor Oxidoreductase in Marine Bacteria and Moderate Halophiles a Primary Electrogenic Na+ Pump?.- Ionic Relations and Polyol Metabolism of Marine Fungi in Relation to their Environment.- Salt Adaptation of Ectothiorhodospira.- Lipoic Acid and Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase in Halophilic Archaeobacteria.- Nitrate Reduction in the Extremely Halophilic Bacteria.- Retinal-Opsin-Dependent Detection of Short-Wavelength Ultraviolet Radiation (UV-B), and Endogenous Bias on Direction of Flagellar Rotation in Tethered Halobacterium halobium Cells.- Steps in the Photosensory Signal Chair of Halobacterium halobium.- Mode of Action of Halocins H4 and H6: Are they Effective against the Adaptation to High Salt Environments?.- Bioenergetics of Halobacterium halobium and of H. marismortui.- The response of Halophilic Bacteria to Heavy Metals.- Biochemical Characterization of Dihydrofolate Reductase of Halobacterium volcanii.- III Composition and Structure.- Polar Lipid Structure, Composition and Biosynthesis in Extremely Halophilic Bacteria.- Variations in the Lipid Composition of Aerobic, Halophilic Archaeobacteria.- Bacterioruberins Reinforce reconstituted Halobacterium Lipid Membranes.- The 'True' Intracellular Environment of Moderately Halophilic Eubacteria.- Effects of Salinity on Membrane Lipids and Membrane-Derived Oligosaccharides.- Physiology of Halomonas Elongata in Different NaCI Concentratio..- Do Periplasmic Oligosaccharides Provide a Role in the Osmotic Adaptation of Gram-negative Bacteria?.- IV Molecular Biology and Genetics.- The Ribosomal RNA Operons of Halophilic Archaebacteria.- Bacterio-Opsin Gene Expression in Halobacterium halobium.- The Kinetic of the Genetic Exchange Process in Halobacterium volcanii mating.- Physical Mapping and Gene Transfer Methods for Halobacterium (Halo ferax) volcanii.- Gas Vacuole Genes in Halobacteria.- Insertion Elements Affecting Gas Vacuole Gene Expression in Halobacterium halobium.- Genomic Organization Studies in Halobacteria Using Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis.- Physical and Genetic Mapping of the Unstable Gas Vesicle Plasmid in Halobacterium halobium NRC-1.- Enzymology and Genetics of an Alpha-like DNA Polymerase from Halobacterium halobium.- Phylogeny of DNA-dependent RNA Polymerases: Testimony for the Origin of Eukaryotes.- DNA Topology in Halobacteria.- V Applied Aspects of Halophilic Organisms.- An Application of a Bioreactor with Flocculated Cells of Halophilic Micrococcus varians Subsp. Halophilus which Preferentially Adsorbed Halophilic Nuclease H to 5'-Nucleotide Production.- Novel Compatible Solutes and their Potential Application as Stabilizers in Enzyme Technology.- Lysis of Halobacteria with Bile Acids and Proteolytic Enzymes of Halophilic Archaeobacteria.- An Archaeobacterial Antigen Used to Study Immunological Humoral Response to C-myc Oncogene Product.- Biopolymer Production by Haloferax mediterranei.- Halophiles in Thai Fish Sauce (Nam Pla).- Liquid Fuel (Oil) from Halophilic Algae: A Ren...

Stereo X-Ray Radiography of Composite Materials.- Application of X-Ray Computed Tomography to Ceramic/Ceramic Composites.- High Speed Heterodyne Holographic Interferometry.- Optical Fiber Waveguide Methods for Advanced Materials.- Adiabatic Thermography of Composite Materials.- Application of Scanning Acoustic Microscopy to Advanced Structural Ceramics.- TEM Studies of Semiconductor Materials.- The Characterization of New Austenitic Stainless Steels Highly Resistant to Cavitation-Erosion.- Characterization of Duplex Stainless Steels by TEM, SANS, and APFIM Techniques.- Characterization of Microstructures in Rapidly Solidified Alloys.- Characterization of Wear-Resistant Coatings and Surface Treatments.

Epidemiology and Carcinogenesis.- Evidence from Animal Studies for the Carcinogenicity of Inhaled Diesel Exhaust.- Interpretation of Carcinogenicity and Effective Dose in Chronic Exposures of Rats to High Diesel Exhaust Concentrations.- Carcinogenicity of Dinitroarenes in Rat Lung.- In Vivo Metabolism and Genotoxic Effects of the Air Pollutant and Marker for Nitro-PAH's, 2-Nitrofluorene.- Chemistry, Detection, and Occurrence.- Nitroarenes: Their Detection, Mutagenicity and Occurrence in the Environment.- The Atmospheric Formation of Nitroarenes and Their Occurrence in Ambient Air.- Metabolism of 1-Nitropyrene Oxides and Effect of Nitrogen Dioxide on Arene Activation.- Molecular Mechanisms.- Mutagenic and Biochemical Consequences of the Reaction of Arylamines with DNA.- Mutagenesis Induced by a Single Acetylaminofluorene Adduct within the Narl Site is Position Dependent.- Unusual Hydrogen Bonding Patterns in 2-Aminofluorene (AF) and 2-Acetylaminofluorene (AAF) Modified DNA.- DNA Adduct Formation during Chronic Administration of an Aromatic Amine.- Aerial Oxidation of Acetylaminofluorene-Derived DNA Adducts.- Mutations and Homologous Recombination Induced by N-Substituted Aryl Compounds in Mammalian Cells.- Comparison of the Mutagenic Potency of DNA Adducts Formed by Reactive Derivatives of Aflatoxin, Benzidine and 1-Nitropyrene in a Plasmid System.- Mutations Induced in the lacI Gene of E. coli by 1-Nitroso-8-Nitropyrene and Furylfuramide: The Influence of Plasmid pKM101 and Excision Repair on the Mutational Spectrum.- DNA Adduct Formation by 1-Nitropyrene 4,5- and 9,10-Oxide.- Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Diesel Exhaust: Potential Role of DNA Binding in Carcinogenicity.- Validation/Application of 32?-Postlabeling Analysis for the Detection of DNA Adducts Resulting from Complex Air Pollution Sources Containing PAHs and Nitrated PAHs.- Analysis of NO2-PAH DNA Adducts by Mass Spectrometry.- Metabolism.- Generation of Reactive Intermediates from 2-Nitrofluorene that Bind Covalently to DNA, RNA and Protein In Vitro and In Vivo in the Rat.- Activation of Carcinogenic N-Arylhydroxamic Acids by Peroxidase/H2O2/Halide Systems: Route to C-Nitroso Aromatics.- Biochemical Studies on the Putative Nitroso Metabolite of Chloramphenicol: A New Model for the Cause of Aplastic Anemia.- Mechanisms of FANFT/ANFT Induced Bladder Cancer.- Mutagenic Arylazides, Arylnitrenes, Arylnitrenium Ions.- Products Obtained by In Vitro Reaction of 4,5-Epoxy4,5-Dihydro-1-Nitropyrene with DNA.- Oxidative Metabolism of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Mammalian Cell Fractions.- Metabolic Activation of 6-Nitrochrysene and 6-Aminochrysene In Vitro and In Vivo.- Summary.- The Possible Role of Nitroarenes in Human Cancer.- Abstracts Presented at the Meeting.- Contributor Index.

Devices and Related Properties.- The Properties of the Pseudospark Discharge.- Review of Superdense Glow Discharge.- Basic Mechanisms Contributing to the Hollow Cathode Effect.- Cathode-Related Processes in High-Current Density, Low Pressure Glow Discharges.- Comparison of Electrode Effects in High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Gas Discharges Like Spark-Gap and Pseudospark.- Experimental Review.- Mapping and Modeling of the Cathode Fall and Negative Glow Regions.- Emission Spectroscopy in Optically Thick Gas Discharges.- An Analysis of the High Current Glow Discharge Operation of the BLT Switch.- Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurements of Number Densities of Neutral and Ionized Metal Atoms.- Streamers in Atmospheric Pressure N2: Empirical Results.- Theoretical Modeling.- The Solution of the Continuity Equations in Ionization and Plasma Growth.- Scaling Parameters for Optically Triggered Hollow Cathode Switches Obtained by Computer Simulation.- A Physical Model of Prebreakdown in the Hollow Cathode Pseudospark Discharge Based on Numerical Simulations.- Self-Consistent Models of DC and Transient Glow Discharges.- Weak Collisions in Strong Double Layers.- The Effect of Pendel Electrons on Breakdown and Sustainment of a Hollow Cathode Discharge.- A Two-Electron-Group Model for a High Current Pseudospark or Back- Lighted Thyratron Plasma.- Electron Ionization Rate Coefficients at Very High E/N.- New Applications.- Plasma-Based Device Concepts Based on the Pseudospark and BLT.- Emittance Measurement of a Pseudospark-Produced Electron Beam.- New Ways of Electron Emission for Power Switching and Electron Beam Generation.

1 Optical applications of organic photochromic polymer systems.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Potential for erasable optical storage in photochromic polymer systems.- 1.3 Photochromic imaging in ordered systems or in systems exploiting ordering effects.- 1.4 Applications in optical signal processing and in integrated optics.- 1.5 Conclusions.- References.- 2 Spiroxazines and their use in photochromic lenses.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Chemistry of spiroxazines, spiropyrans and related organic photochromic compounds.- 2.2.1 Nomenclature.- 2.2.2 Synthesis.- 2.2.3 Photochemistry of the spirophotochromics.- 2.3 Required properties of photochromic systems for eyewear.- 2.3.1 General.- 2.3.2 Absorption spectra of unactivated and activated states.- 2.3.3 Kinetics of photochromic lens processes.- 2.3.4 Fatigue resistance (eyewear lifetime).- 2.4 Structure-property relationships of spiroxazines.- 2.4.1 Indolinospiroxazines.- 2.4.2 Other spiroxazines.- 2.5 Stabilization of spiroxazines.- 2.6 Development of a commercial system for plastic photochromic eyewear.- 2.6.1 Plastic lens manufacturing.- 2.6.2 Processes for photochrome incorporation.- 2.6.3 The finished lens.- References.- 3 Fulgides and fulgimides - a promising class of photochromies for application.- 3.1 Introduction to fulgides and fulgimides.- 3.2 Aryl fulgides.- 3.2.1 Introduction.- 3.2.2 Spectroscopic properties.- 3.2.3 Photochromism.- 3.2.4 Fatigue resistance.- 3.3 Fulgides with heteroaromatic groups - fatigue-resistant fulides.- 3.3.1 (E)-0?-2,5-(hmemyl-3-furylethylidene (isopropylidene)succinic anhydride.- 3.3.2 Structural modification of fulgides with heteroaromatic groups.- 3.4 Heliochromic compounds.- 3.4.1 Definition.- 3.4.2 Development of heliochromic fulgide derivatives.- 3.5 Fulgides and fulgimides in polymer matrices.- 3.5.1 Introduction.- 3.5.2 Investigations of photochemistry of fulgides in polymers.- 3.6 Applications of fulgides and fulgimides.- 3.6.1 Introduction.- References.- 4 Photochromic liquid crystal polymers.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.1.1 Mesomorphic phases.- 4.1.2 Important photochromic systems.- 4.2 Search for photochromic mesophases - Quasiliquid crystals (QLCs).- 4.3 Photochromic liquid crystal polymers.- 4.3.1 Synthesis of copolymers.- 4.3.2 Thermodynamic properties.- 4.3.3 Thermochromism.- 4.3.4 Photochromism.- 4.4 Non-linear optical properties.- 4.4.1 Basic concepts.- 4.4.2 Theory of SHG from a mesophase containing high-ß dye.- 4.4.3 Non-linear optical susceptibility measurements.- 4.4.4 Two-dimensional asymmetry and optical non-linearity upon poling by an electrostatic field.- 4.5 Optical information recording and storage.- References.- 5 Photoresponsive polymers: reversible control of polymer conformation in solution and gel phases.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Photostimulated conformation changes of polymers in solution.- 5.3 Photostimulated phase separation of polymer solutions - another approach to induce the conformation changes of polymers.- 5.4 Photostimulated shape changes of polymer gels - continuous change.- 5.5 Photostimulated volume phase transition of gels - discontinuous change.- References.- 6 High and low molecular weight photochromic viologen-based systems.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Synthesis of viologens bearing vinyl groups and their polymers.- 6.3 Reversible colour development (photochromism) of viologens by photoreduction mechanisms (in matrices).- 6.4 Generation of viologen radical cations in solution.- 6.5 Photochromism of viologen crystals.- 6.6 Preparation of polar aprotic viologen copolymers and their photochromic behaviour.- 6.7 Photochromism of N-aryl viologens.- 6.8 Viologens developing infrared absorption peaks (near 800 nm) by redox photochromism.- 6.9 Comparison of various viologens and photochromic reaction mechanism in the poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) matrix.- 6.10 Photomemories based on viologen photochromism..- References.

Nitrogen turnover in the soil-crop system; comparison of fourteen simulation models.- NQuantitative aspects of nitrogen nutrition in crops.- Modelling of the nitrogen cycle in farm land areas.- Nitrate leaching and soil moisture prediction with the LEACHM model.- Nitrate leaching and soil moisture prediction with the LEACHM model.- Some results of nitrogen simulations with the model ANIMO.- The distribution of water and nitrogen in the soil-crop system: a simulation study with validation from a winter wheat field trial.- Modelling water flow, nitrogen transport and root uptake including physical non-equilibrium and optimization of the root water potential.- Modelling water flow, nitrogen transport and root uptake including physical non-equilibrium and optimization of the root water potential.- Simulation of nitrogen dynamics and biomass production in winter wheat using the Danish simulation model DAISY.- Simulation of the nitrogen balance in the soil and a winter wheat crop.- Modelling nitrogen dynamics in a plant-soil system with a simple model for advisory purposes.- Simulation of nitrogen in soil and winter wheat crops: modelling nitrogen turnover through organic matter.- Simulation of nitrogen in soil and winter wheat crops: modelling nitrogen turnover through organic matter.- Simulation of nitrogen in soil and winter wheat crops: a management model that makes the best use of limited information.- Modelling water flow, nitrogen uptake and production for wheat.- WHNSIM - a soil nitrogen simulation model for Southern Germany.- A comparison of the performance of N simulation models in the prediction of Nmin on farmers' fields in the spring.- Response of wheat to nitrogen fertilization, a data set to validate simulation models for nitrogen dynamics in crop and soil.- List of participants.

Ultrashort Pulse Lasers. All Solid-State Tunable Ultrafast Laser Oscillators and Amplifiers for Real-World Applications Including Medical Imaging; N.P. Barry, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules. Vibrational Coherence in Photoisomerization Reaction of Cis-stilbene in Solution; D.K. Palit, et al. Ultrafast Non-Linear Optical Phenomena. Ultrafast Temporal Dynamics in an Optical Microscopic Cavity; P. Mataloni, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Semiconductors. Optical Cross-talk between Quantum Wells; D. Weber, et al. Generation and Applications of Intense Ultrashort Pulse. High-Brightness Excimer Lasers; S. Szatmari, et al. Frequency Conversion. Femtosecond Pulse Compression by Sum-Frequency Generation in BBO; A. Varanavicius, et al. Ultrafast Non-Linear Optics in Organics. Femtosecond Dynamics in Conjugated Polymers; T. Kobayashi. Applications of Ultrafast Lasers in Medicine and Ultrafast Processes in Biophysics. Imaging Through Diffusing Media with Time Resolved Transmittance; R. Cubeddu, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Metals, Insulators and Confined Systems. New Ultrafast Measurement Techniques. Superconductors and the Terahertz Spectroscopy. Ultrafast Optoelectronics. 139 Additional Articles. Index.