Bøker utgitt av Springer Nature Singapore

This book provides detailed and updated knowledge about medically important ¿Big Four¿ venomous snakes of India (Indian spectacled cobra, Indian common krait, Indian Russell¿s viper, and Indian saw-scaled viper). This book essentially covers the snakebite problem in the world with particular reference to Asia and India. It discusses the evolution and systematics of venomous snakes, emphasizing ¿Big Four¿ venomous snakes of India; the evolution and composition of venoms determined by traditional biochemical and modern proteomic analyses. It also describes the pharmacological properties of enzymatic and non-enzymatic toxins of ¿Big Four¿ venomous snakes of India. Different chapters discuss exciting topics such as species-specific and geographical differences in venom composition and its impact on pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of snakebite envenomation in India, biomedical application of Indian snake venom toxins; production and quality assessment of commercial antivenom,prevention, and treatment of snakebite in India, adverse effects of antivenom including strategies to combat antivenom reactions inpatient.This book caters to toxinologists, pharmacologists, zoologists, antivenom manufacturers, biochemists, clinicians, evolutionary biologists, herpetologists, and informed non-specialists interested to know about the Indian snake venoms.

The book aims to analyse and evaluate the strategic positioning of Chinäs participation in terms of firm-level performance in the generation of infrastructure capacity in African countries. Africa counts among its development challenges a major bottleneck of infrastructure capacity and shortage of investable capital. Chinäs long period of high growth generates the strengths to secure availability of energy from Africa by enhancing infrastructure provision for the region. To achieve this complementary macro-level development, beyond the traditional dimension of infrastructure provision (ODA), Chinese IMNEs become the vital players on the intersection of these processes. Thus this research makes practical and analytical contributions to international business studies and development issues by making concrete the analysis of bilateral development processes from a macro context to a micro level framework (e.g. focusing on ICT and construction sectors), then fitting this into the realworld story. Infrastructure itself is a key element for potential investment and development processes. Therefore, how IMNEs achieve not only exist simply in a way of a commercial-oriented investment, but also in their implications for development and political related issues.

This book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Electric Automotive Technologies 2021 (HEAT 2021). It cover recent innovations in electric and hybrid-electric vehicles and autonomous vehicles. Various topics covered in this volume are batteries, battery cooling methodologies, use of nano-coolants, electrified powertrain systems and components, hybridisation infrastructure, energy storage, and many other topics of importance to the industry. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the areas of automobile and vehicle engineering.

This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of HBV infection and liver disease. It discusses new data on basic and translational medicine, including the viral life cycle, the immunopathogenesis of virus-induced chronic hepatitis, viral and host genetic factors affecting disease progression, and the mechanism of virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as their potential applications in daily clinical practice. The clinical aspects of chronic HBV infection are examined in chapters on the global epidemiology, efficacy of HBV vaccination, natural history, novel biomarkers, co-infections with HCV, HDV or HIV, and management of special populations including children, pregnant women and patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Further, it describes the advances and perspectives in the development of novel antiviral treatments for possible functional cure of HBV infection.In this second edition, authors provides recent updates in epidemiology, biomarkers, antivirus therapy, and novel therapy for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.The book is a valuable resource for medical students, physicians, and researchers who are interested in management of patients with chronic HBV infection and investigation HBV infection.

Dieses Buch bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die öffentliche Einstellung zur Todesstrafe in Indien, ergänzt durch eine Zusammenfassung der derzeitigen Anwendung, Abschaffung und Debatte der Todesstrafe weltweit. Das Autorenteam konzentriert sich dabei auf vier Hauptaspekte: die überhöhten Kosten und die unzureichende Verwendung der Mittel, unrechtmäßige Hinrichtungen Unschuldiger, das Versagen der Todesstrafe als wirksames Abschreckungsmittel und die alternative Strafe der lebenslangen Haft ohne Bewährung. Des Weiteren werden insbesondere die öffentlichen Meinungen und Einstellungen zur Todesstrafe als bedeutender Einflussfaktor in den Blick genommen ¿ weltweit und in Indien. Daneben widmet das Autorenteam auch den Opfern der Strafe und deren Familien sowie den am Prozess beteiligten Akteuren (u.a. im Gericht, im Strafvollzug) ein Kapitel und erörtert darin die psychosozialen Konsequenzen für diese Personengruppen. Auf der Grundlage von Meinungsumfragen ist das Buch eine unverzichtbare Lektüre für alle, die sich für Indien, seine Regierung, sein Strafrechtssystem und seine Politik zur Todesstrafe und zu den Menschenrechten interessieren.