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Latent factor analysis models are an effective type of machine learning model for addressing high-dimensional and sparse matrices, which are encountered in many big-data-related industrial applications. The performance of a latent factor analysis model relies heavily on appropriate hyper-parameters. However, most hyper-parameters are data-dependent, and using grid-search to tune these hyper-parameters is truly laborious and expensive in computational terms. Hence, how to achieve efficient hyper-parameter adaptation for latent factor analysis models has become a significant question.This is the first book to focus on how particle swarm optimization can be incorporated into latent factor analysis for efficient hyper-parameter adaptation, an approach that offers high scalability in real-world industrial applications.The book will help students, researchers and engineers fully understand the basic methodologies of hyper-parameter adaptation via particle swarm optimization in latent factor analysis models. Further, it will enable them to conduct extensive research and experiments on the real-world applications of the content discussed.

This book presents various useful processing techniques and applications of glasses and glass-ceramics. It covers various topics such as introduction to glass, its properties, thermodynamics of glass, heat transfer in glass melts, color in glass and advanced characterization techniques to analyze structure of glasses and glass-ceramics along with functional glasses and glass ceramics for advanced applications. This book will be a useful reference for students, researchers, scientists and technologists working in the field of materials science, especially glass.

In diesem Buch wird untersucht, wie die im Industriepark Suzhou umgesetzten Innovations- und Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien das langfristige Wirtschaftswachstum der Region fordern und beeinflussen. Im Zuge der Umsetzung eines exportorientierten Wachstums sind Industrieparks in verschiedenen Regionen Chinas zu sehr wichtigen Akteuren geworden. Der Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) hat sich seit seiner Eroffnung im Jahr 1994 als Ergebnis der Regierungszusammenarbeit zwischen China und Singapur zu einem fuhrenden und beispielhaften Industriepark in China entwickelt.   Die Geschichte des SIP ist die Geschichte von Chinas neuer Wirtschaft; wahrend China in der Lieferkette aufgestiegen ist, hat sich der Suzhou Industrial Park zu einem Industriepark entwickelt, der sich mehr auf Hightech-Innovation/Unternehmertum und okologische Nachhaltigkeit konzentriert. Dieses Buch bietet China-Wissenschaftlern, Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern und Stadtgeographen einen faszinierenden Einblick in Chinas Reform und Offnung.

This book puts forward a new mathematical theory to study chaotic phenomenon. The uniform theory is established on the basis of two elementary concept of circle and externally tangent square in mathematics. The author studies the uniformity of a finite set of points distributed in space by uniform theory. This book also illustrates that uniform theory performs better than other indices such as entropy and Lyapunov exponent in chaos measurement by numerous examples. This book develops a new mathematical tool for studying chaos so it will be appealing to students and researchers interested in theory of chaos. It also has potential applications in various fields such as Engineering, Forestry and Ecology.

This book provides a comprehensive overview on the recent significant advancements of conductive polymers and their composites in terms of conductive mechanism, fabrication strategies, important properties, and various promising applications. The corresponding knowledge was systematically compiled in the logical order and demonstrated as seven chapters. The special structure, influencing factors of the conductivity, the charge carrier transport model, the wettability and classical categories of the conductive polymers are narrated. Both conventional and novel strategies undertaken to fabricate the conductive polymers are introduced, as provided the overall master of the progress. In comparison with the bulk counterpart, nanostructured conductive polymers with different dimensions such as nanospheres, nano-networks, nanotubes and nanowire arrays are produced through distinct methods, thus presenting unique and distinct performance endowed by the nanometer scale. The combination of conductive polymers with other functional materials results in a number of the composites with improved properties by synergistic effect. The superior performance of conductive polymers and their composites greatly facilitates their development toward various important applications in the advanced and sophisticated fields such as biological utilization, energy storage and sensors. Due to their excellent biocompatibility, conductive polymers and their composites stand out to be useful in the biological field including tissue engineering, drug delivery and artificial muscle. To meet the urgent demand of the energy storage, conductive polymers and their composites play an important role in the devices including supercapacitors, solar cells and fuel cells. Finally, development of conductive polymers and their composites in the modern industry is greatly enhanced by their applications in smart sensors such as conductometric sensors, gravimetric sensors, optical sensors, chemical sensors and biosensors. This book has significant value for researchers, graduate students, and engineers carrying out the fundamental research or industrial production of conductive polymers and their composites.

This book focuses on progress, concerns and approaches of blockchain application. It summarizes basic concepts, principles and standardization of blockchain technology, as well as the status of blockchain application and industry. It provides an ecology model and an evaluation method for blockchain applications and analyses the governance of blockchain applications. It presents application values and practices in financial services, logistics, government service, culture and education, and people's livelihood and includes analysis of scenarios and use cases.This book is a summary of the experience of more than 20 experts from enterprises and institutions active in the blockchain industry. It provides a panorama of blockchain applications for users, technology and service providers, application developers and operators and supervisors.

The book is about the economic practices of traders and businesspeople from the Caucasus and China who work in local bazaars in Tbilisi and Beijing. It describes their activities, their motivations, their socio-cultural backgrounds, their work environments, and their interactions with one another. Contributing to a broader debate on the nature and role of informal economic practices in the post-Soviet periphery and processes of "e;globalization from below"e;, the book aims at providing a thick description of the embeddedness of bazaar traders' economic behaviors and strategies in local and global political, economic, and cultural contexts, markets and supply chains.

The book focuses on Pareto optimality in cooperative games. Most of the existing works focus on the Pareto optimality of deterministic continuous-time systems or for the regular convex LQ case. To expand on the available literature, we explore the existence conditions of Pareto solutions in stochastic differential game for more general cases. In addition, the LQ Pareto game for stochastic singular systems, Pareto-based guaranteed cost control for uncertain mean-field stochastic systems, and the existence conditions of Pareto solutions in cooperative difference game are also studied in detail.Addressing Pareto optimality for more general cases and wider systems is one of the major features of the book, making it particularly suitable for readers who are interested in multi-objective optimal control. Accordingly, it offers a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of control theory and control engineering, economics, management science, mathematics, etc.

The edited book brings out a comprehensive synthesis of latest scientific literature covering various important aspects of anaerobic biodigesters for human waste management that ranges from latest understanding on fundamental concepts/mechanisms of anaerobic biodigestion, modern tools and techniques used in process evaluation, current strategies being recruited for the performance enhancement, and case studies/ success stories across the world on applications of biodigesters used in human waste treatment.The anaerobic biodigestion is a process of break-down of organic waste by anaerobic microorganisms in absence of the oxygen. This process has been conventionally used for treating various types of organic waste including sewage sludge. After optimizing various process parameters, researchers have developed anaerobic biodigesters that have been successfully used for human waste (nigh soil) treatment. The topic of human waste treatment assumes global significance in the wake of UN sustainable Development Goals (SDG) wherein SDG-6 specifically highlights the Sanitation for all by 2030. The anaerobic Biodigester technology has the potential to manage the human waste as well and can contribute immensely in achieving targets of UN-SDG-6. This book is of interest to researchers, academicians, scientists, policy officials and capacity builders. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental Biotechnology. National and international biotechnologists, environmental engineers and sanitation experts also find this to be a useful read.

This book provides ideas for implementing Wolfram Mathematica to solve linear integral equations. The book introduces necessary theoretical information about exact and numerical methods of solving integral equations. Every method is supplied with a large number of detailed solutions in Wolfram Mathematica. In addition, the book includes tasks for individual study.This book is a supplement for students studying "e;Integral Equations"e;. In addition, the structure of the book with individual assignments allows to use it as a base for various courses.

Entrepreneurship as practice refers to the everyday way that innovation and futuristic thinking is incorporated into business ventures. It refers to the actual implementation of entrepreneurship within any kind of market context that emphasises proactive change. This edited book focuses on entrepreneurship as a practice as a management imperative. This means highlighting the way entrepreneurship is a practice and requires active engagement. Each chapter in the book discusses a different aspect of entrepreneurship as practice as a way of contributing to the broader discussion of what entrepreneurship is and means in today's global society.

Strategies are integral to growth, expansion and sustainability of modern corporations.  The agile strategies are central to overcome challenges of the turbulent times accelerated by risks, pandemics, wars, political instabilities and environmental disasters. This book on 'Modern Corporations and Strategies at Work' focuses on different strategies followed by corporations. This book makes critical reading of corporate strategies and evaluates them. This book offers insights into the way corporations develop and implement strategies to face different challenges. This book explores wider world of corporate strategies and their limitations. The future of world economy and international business is shaped by large modern corporations and their rapidly changing business, management and marketing strategies. This book explores the way modern nation states are standing behind the corporations to ensure that their strategies are successful in a world of complex challenges. This book further examines how collaborations between the state and modern corporations are part of the corporate strategy at work today. Further how modern strategies are integral to the start, growth, expansion and sustainability of modern corporations.  This book explores operational agilities and organisational abilities of modern corporations to engage with diverse challenges and overcome the crisis. The volatile business environment is creating conditions of instabilities for the market to function effectively and efficiently. Such conditions are weakening all agents and structures operating within international business and world economy.This book argues that there is an urgent need for a profound reshaping of the corporate strategies to deal with a post pandemic society.  It is perhaps as far reaching as that the remaking of corporate strategies are in the crossroads today due to its intrinsic profit motives.  The remaking of modern corporate strategy comes in the wake of pestilence of a global health crisis; its full impacts are yet to be felt, evaluated and understood. A comprehensive shift in corporate strategy from formulation, implementation and evaluation to remaking is at the heart of this transformations in the working of the corporations and their fundamental ideological apparatus.

This book is a stepping stone toward solving public sector human capital challenges in Zimbabwe as it equips human capital managers with solutions to key issues in the public sector. In Zimbabwe, the public sector human capital drives the economy as over half of the population access their services through public enterprises. Government is the major agent in economic and infrastructure development as well as the production of goods and services. However, Zimbabwe's public service is underperforming due to poorly motivated and managed employees who do not respond to the needs of its clients. This is a cause of concern as the public sector human capital is central to the overall performance of the public sector. Often public sector managers and leaders lack advanced, relevant, and dynamic skills and knowledge to deal with human resource challenges within the New Public Management environment. It is critical for the public sector to transform its human resource management to suit twenty-first-century needs. Effective human resource management in the public sector leads to economic growth and therefore the achievement of the Zimbabwe National Vision 2030.  nbsp; Therefore, this book serves as a guide for public sector managers and those directly or indirectly involved in human capital management. It provides in-depth knowledge and guidance in effective human capital management within the context of the public sector in Zimbabwe.

This book systematically summarizes the advanced development of carbon-based nanomaterials for electrochemical catalysis, and it is comprised of four sections. The first section discusses about the fundamental synthesis, characterization techniques, and catalytic effects on the energy conversion and storage mechanism. The second section elaborately reviews various types of electrocatalytic reactions on carbon-based materials and their performance. The third section focuses on batteries about carbon-based materials with different storage mechanism. And the last one, the following enlightenment in terms of theoretical development and experimental research is provided to the general readers: 1) Precise design and construction of local atomic and electronic structures at the interface of catalysts; 2) Selective activation and directed conversion of carbon-based energy-carrying molecules at the interface; 3) Interaction mechanism and regulation of catalyst solid surface interface properties under environment and external field. This book will be useful for researchers and students who are interested in carbon-based nanomaterials, electrochemical catalysts and energy storage.

This book describes the practical application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods using time series data in system control. This book consistently discusses the application of machine learning to the analysis and modelling of time series data of physical quantities to be controlled in the field of system control.Since dynamic systems are not stable steady states but changing transient states, the changing transient states depend on the state history before the change. In other words, it is essential to predict the change from the present to the future based on the time history of each variable in the target system, and to manipulate the system to achieve the desired change. In short, time series is the key to the application of AI machine learning to system control. This is the philosophy of this book: "e;time series data"e; + "e;AI machine learning"e; = "e;new practical control methods"e;.This book can give my helps to undergradate or graduate students, institute researchers and senior engineers whose scientific background are engineering, mathematics, physics and other natural sciences.

This book presents select proceedings of the 8th International and 29th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design, and Research Conference (AIMTDR 2021). It discusses the latest advances in miniature manufacturing, machining of miniature components, surface engineering, nanomaterials, nanotechnology, industry 4.0, optimization techniques, micro-electric discharge machining, electrochemical micro-machining, thin films, optimization of micro-machining process parameters, machining of nano-composites, characterization using atomic force microscopy, micro tool fabrications, characterization of nano-composites, surface roughness analysis, tribological performance of surface coated materials, and sustainability in manufacturing. The contents of this book are useful for students, researchers, and as well as industry professionals working in the various areas of mechanical engineering.

This book presents select proceedings of the 8th International and 29th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research Conference (AIMTDR 2021). It covers the recent developments in the areas of product design and development, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, computer-aided engineering, reverse engineering, modelling and simulation of manufacturing systems, simulation of manufacturing processes, vibration analysis, machine tool design and development, optimization techniques, etc. The contents of this book will be useful for students, researchers and as well as industry professionals in the various fields of mechanical engineering.

This book focuses on the establishment process of the Japanese style of management (JSM). Traditionally, it has been widely believed that the JSM is native to Japan and consists of three pillars: lifetime employment, a seniority-based wage system, and company unions. This book opposes these traditional views on the JSM and argues that it has been shaped by the influence of management theories and ideas of other countries. The JSM has not only adopted the ideas and concepts of other countries, but also has refined, translated, and customized them to make such ideas and concepts acceptable in Japan. The hypothesis presented here is that in the postwar period of rapid growth, the JSM was a hybrid set of management theories and techniques greatly influenced by American ideas about management.This book concentrates on the impact of American management theories and ideas on the JSM. Taking the historical point of view, it clarifies that impact not only for academics but also for business people. The hypothesis propounded here is that some of those theories and ideas have been accepted whereas some of them have been rejected and eventually made irrelevant. The following issues are discussed: scientific management, the human relations school, Barnard's organizational theory, Drucker's management thoughts, strategic management, human resource management, and corporate culture.

This book provides an overview of bidirectional communication between gut-microbiome-brain, pathways, nutrients, and metabolites that are involved in microbiota gut-brain axis (MGBA) interactions. Further it reviews the relevance of this axis in the neurological disorders and potential therapeutic interventions, involving gut microbiome or probiotics and prebiotics which can ameliorate the neurological disorders. The book examines the role of gut microbiota in the establishment and hemostasis of innate immune response and explores the possibility of development of microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions. Notably, the book discusses the role of the gut microbiota and immune system on the maintenance of brain functions and the development of neurological disorders. It also highlights the recent advances in improving neurological diseases by phytochemicals, prebiotics and probiotics. This book is useful for researchers working in neuropharmacology, Clinical Research, toxicology, neurodegeneration, and stroke biology.

This edited book brings together teachers and education academics who are committed to education about, for and through democracy. It presents a diverse range of viewpoints about the challenges facing educators working across different sectors and discusses ways to challenge issues like neoliberalism, excessive managerialism and accountability and privatisation. It also engages with the times that education has, and continues, to fail students.  This book outlines both logistical and ideological challenges which educators committed to democracy face and describes innovative approaches they have adopted, including networking, the use of social media and digital tools and extending their reach beyond their local communities to international audiences. It encourages conversations about how educators and academics might re-commit to education for democracy and generate further avenues for discussion and action by educators and academics.

This book offers a new perspective about the Gulf Arab states entering a post-oil era by looking at the political factors behind the green transformation. It discusses the recent 'environmental enthusiasm' in the oil- and gas-rich Gulf monarchies by asking how political power can be constituted through advocating environmental sustainability. While hydrocarbon-wealthy Gulf monarchies have been viewed as the globe's 'hydrocarbon powerhouse' with an immense ecological footprint, efforts towards sustainability and environmental protection measures are increasingly monitored.  Climate Change, environmental, degradation and the global pressure towards a low-carbon development are threatening the very basis of economic and political power of the oil- and gas-exporting Gulf monarchies. So far, discussions about this fundamental transformation have barely elaborated how it affects and reorganizes political power games in the region. This book attempts to overcome the dominant focus of techno economic drivers of change and uncovers how environmental sustainability impacts state-society and state-elite relationships as well as shaping regional and even global geopolitics.

This book presents selected articles presented at the 2nd Energy Security and Chemical Engineering Congress (ESChE 2021). This collection of proceedings presents the key challenges and trends related to mechanical as well as materials engineering and technology in setting the stage for promoting the sustainable technological solution for the better world. The book discusses recent explorations and findings with regard to mechanical and materials, specifically the thermal engineering and renewable energy areas that are very relevant toward the establishment of sustainable technological solutions. This book benefits academic researchers and industrial practitioners in the field of renewable energy and material engineering for energy applications.

This book focuses on recent topics of quantum science in both physics and chemistry.  Until now, quantum science has not been fully discussed from the interdisciplinary vantage points of both physics and chemistry. This book, however, is written not only for theoretical physicists and chemists, but also for experimentalists in the fields of physical chemistry and condensed matter physics, as collaboration and interplay between construction of quantum theory, and experimentation has become more important. Tips for starting new types of research projects will be found in an understanding of cutting-edge quantum science. In Part I, quantum electronic structures are explained in cases of strongly correlated copper oxides and heavy elements. In Part II, quantum molecular dynamics is investigated by computational approaches and molecular beam experiments. In Part III, after lithium problem in big bang nucleosynthesis scenario is considered using supersymmetric standard model, quantum theories in atomic and molecular systems are reviewed.  Finally, in Part IV, the development of quantum computational method is introduced.  

The book deals with the pricing of ecosystem services provided by agriculture. All provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services are being covered in this title. Chapters in this contributed volume cover topics such as pricing of services from the soil, water, and nutrient management. Quantified monetary values of carbon sequestration and renewable energy applications in agriculture are covered with clear-cut methodologies. This book also links ecosystem service-based pricing with crop insurance. Improving the farmers' livelihood is the central goal of the agricultural production system throughout the world. Under the climate change context, farms' produce is now climate-vulnerable and heavily dependent on weather conditions. Moreover, we often neglect the contribution of several positive impacts of agricultural practices on ecosystems and natural resources. Therefore, there is a need to quantify and value these ecosystem services in agriculture. However, valuation and pricing the services in agriculture both tangible and intangible is a challenge. It is necessary to have clear-cut methodologies for pricing ecosystem services of agriculture in terms of net monetary benefits. The ecosystem service-based pricing could be a solid basis for calculating the insurance to farmers in case of occurrence of natural hazard and associated crop damage.This book is of interest to scholars, teachers, researchers, environmental scientists, watershed managers, capacity builders, and policymakers. The book also serves as effective reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture economics, ecology, agronomy, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be useful.

Meso- to Neoarchean is a critical transitional period for the formation and evolution of continental crust and the corresponding geodynamic mechanisms, during which the average composition of continental crust gradually shifted from Na-enriched to K-enriched. However, the ultimate source of K and its enrichment mechanism in continental crust are still enigmatic. Moreover, fierce controversies remain on the Precambrian subdivision and late Archean geodynamic models of the North China Craton (NCC). Archean basement terranes in the Eastern Hebei-Western Liaoning Provinces, northern NCC display characteristic lithological zonation similar to those developed in modern convergent plate margins, and from northwest to southeast can be subdivided into the MORB-type tholeiite belt, oceanic arc tectonic belt, and K-rich granitoid belt. This book reports systematic field geological, petrographic, structural, whole-rock geochemical, and zircon U-Pb-Hf-O isotopic data for the various late Neoarchean lithological assemblages of the K-rich granitoid belt. Their deformational characteristics and petrogenesis are discussed in detail, and integrated with their spatiotemporal relationships and metamorphic features, a late Neoarchean active continental margin setting with multi-stage trench retreats and subsequent arc-continent collision is proposed to account for the formation and evolution of the K-rich granitoid belt. It also throws light upon the ultimate source and enrichment mechanism of K in the late Archean continental crust by comparing K-rich granitoid belt with the adjacent oceanic arc tectonic belt.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Thermofluids and Manufacturing Science (ICTMS 2022). Some of the topics covered include Heat transfer, fluid dynamics, multiphase flow, flow diagnostics using artificial neural network, aerodynamics,  high-speed flows, sustainable energy technology, propulsion and emissions, Eco-friendly manufacturing, Coating Techniques and Supply chain management etc. Given the scope, the book will be highly useful for researchers and professionals interested in mechanical, production or aerospace engineering

This book is a study of transnationalism, focusing on experience of migrants, immigrants, travelers, expatriates, aliens, evacuees, refugees, and nomads in the world, broadly, and Taiwan, particularly. Offering an entirely new framework for what Taiwan as a contested transnational space means for Asia-a heterotopia, in which multiple visions of politics and society can flourish-Dr. Pendery's refreshing vision offers insights for scholars of greater China, international relations, and the economics of the region. Pendery establishes a dialog and debate in the book pitting Samuel P. Huntington, Stephen Toulmin, and Edward W. Said, broadly examining their views of these ideas and issues.

This book describes the current innovative tendencies characteristic of multifaceted scientific research and practical developments in the field of international business development and sustainable management. This book shows how companies are forced to change development strategies and business models, which actualizes new priorities for scientific research in the field of international business and sustainable management. Therefore, completely new subject areas of research are being formed; management guidelines are being transformed; new business development tools are being developed; the very system of academic research is changing. This book "e;Innovative Trends in International Business and Sustainable Management"e; is devoted to the discussion of these and other issues related to all major areas of international business development and sustainable management. This book systematically describes multidimensional trends, challenges, and opportunities for the development of international business and sustainable management in the context of a global pandemic. In this sense, it is unique and relevant for both scientific researchers and modern business practitioners.This book uniquely highlights new priorities of scientific and practical research in the field of international business and sustainable management that require a systematic knowledge of the ongoing transformations of trends, challenges, and opportunities for the development. Aimed at scholars and practitioners, the book provides illustrations of international best practice for conducting business beyond borders. The main goals of the book are firstly to provide opinions on current innovative approaches and technologies for solving modern problems of international business, as well as on the formation of a multi-level system of sustainable management of the socioeconomic systems' development, secondly, to integrate research from academia, as well as practitioners in order to form priorities, approaches and models of company management in the context of globalization, strategies for the development of management systems in the context of the "e;new reality"e;, thirdly, to find the most relevant new areas of research, the results of which can be useful to companies for making management decisions, and concludes to analyze new tools for the development of international business, their capabilities, and areas of application

This book investigates the multiuser communication and its key technology-multiple access technology, as well as transceiving design methods. Multiple access methods toward B5G and 6G currently allows the superposition transmissions of multiuser signals with controllable mutual interference. By deploying advanced multiuser detector, current technology significantly enhances the connectivity, improves the spectral efficiency and simplifies the signaling interactions. Considering that the major challenge of current multiple access technology is the design of transceiver due to the overlapped and distorted signals from multiple users, we analyze the promising candidate multiple access schemes and then develop some sights on how to formulate the transmit signals and how to achieve efficient symbol recovery. Specifically, the incorporation of constellation rotation, rate splitting and deep learning techniques in enhancing the transmission efficiency of multiple access technology are considered.

This book focuses on online petitioning and crowdfunding platforms to demonstrate the everyday impact that digital communications have had on contemporary citizen participation. In doing do, the book argues that crowdsourced participation has become normalised and institutionalised into the everyday repertoires of citizens and their organisations. Within the digitally-enabled shift in individual acts of participation, creating, signing and sharing online petitions and micro-donations have become a focal point because of the clear evolution from their offline and online counterparts.To illustrate their arguments the authors use an original nationally representative survey on acts of political engagement, undertaken with Australian citizens. Additionally, through detailed interviews and analysis of their web presence they show how advocacy organisations use online petitions within their repertoire of strategic actions. Lastly, they analyse the kinds of policy issues that mobilise citizens on crowdsourcing platforms, based on a unique dataset of 17,000 petitions from the popular non-government platform, Change.org. They contrast these mass public concerns with the policy agenda of the government of the day to show there is a disjuncture and general lack of responsiveness to this form of citizen expression.