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This book provides an integrated review of the human ocular microbiome. It documents the discovery of ocular surface microbes by the conventional cultivable method and next generation sequencing technologies in both healthy and diseased (keratitis, uveitis, endophthalmitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis etc.) eyes. The book further discusses the confounding factors that influence the microbiome, mycobiome and virome. The chapters cover niche-specificity with reference to skin, eyelid- margin, hands etc. It highlights the concept of core genera, dysbiosis and discriminating genera and covers the functional relevance of the dysbiotic microbiome, mycobiome and virome with respect to ocular diseases. The book includes topics on the relevance of molecular mechanisms, including quorum-sensing and mucin metabolism to ocular disorders, such as dry eye; and, microbiome-based therapies for treating of ocular disorders like vernal keratoconjunctivitis. The book is essential for microbiologists studying the human eye, ophthalmologists treating eye infection and trauma. It also caters to students of medical microbiology and medicine.

This book examines critically how the Chinese government has proactively engaged the nine cities and two special administrative regions in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) in Southern China for deeper collaborations in order to transform the country from the ¿World Factory¿ to become a leading world economy in innovation and entrepreneurialism. While most of the existing research related to Chinäs GBA development offers the economic and technological advancement perspectives, this book focuses on critical reflections upon how the call for megacity development and deeper regional collaborations in the Bay Area will affect people¿s livelihoods, social integration and urban governance. The central theme of this book builds around ¿Cities, Social Cohesion and Governance.¿ Based upon policy and document analysis, first-hand fieldwork and surveys, and intensive interviews with major stakeholders responsible for pushing the Greater Bay Area development, this book offers not only regional perspectives in analyzing the Greater Bay Area development through comparing and contrasting development experiences within the country¿s different bay economies like the Shanghai and Zhejiang Bay Area and Beijing and Bohai Bay Area. The present book also draws comparative and international insights from other well- established bay economies like Tokyo Bay, Florida Bay and New York Bay Areas when analyzing the development in the GBA in China.

This book introduces the educational philosophies of notable African and Asian thinkers who tend to be little recognized in Europe and North America. It offers specific resources for diversification of higher education curricula. The book expands the philosophy of education, in clear language, to include ideas of major non-western educational thinkers who are little discussed in previous publications. It includes critical analysis of non-western concepts and consideration of their relevance to schools worldwide. The book features discussions of how the work of Tagore and postcolonial thinkers offers diverse visions that increasingly inspire a decolonizing approach to education. This book offers a unique emphasis on how a decolonized philosophy of education can especially enable a rethinking of approaches to education in arts and humanities subjects.

This book provides a complete practical guide of processing data in public health with R language. On the basis of the author¿s research and teaching experiences, this book serves either as a textbook for undergraduates and graduates in public health or as a tutorial for self-learning. Many first-hand examples are presented with source data, R scripts, and graphs, as well as detailed explanations, which could be easily reproduced by readers so as to better understand the data processing principles and procedures. Popular and novel R packages in public health are introduced as well.

The present is bundled with several unique features. It provides up-to-date information on electrocardiograms for almost all electrocardiographic abnormalities covers all aspects of surface electrocardiography in detail. Summaries follow all book chapters for quick revision and MCQs for self-assessment. This book will be helpful to clinicians, fellows in medicine preparing for different careers in cardiology, and ECG technicians and their teachers.The purpose of writing this book - While teaching undergraduates, postgraduates in general medicine, and students of diploma course in cardiac instrument technology, I realized that the students did not have the knowledge of basic concepts of electrocardiography and did not know the clinical significance of various abnormalities. Students, therefore, felt that the subject was difficult to understand and of no clinical significance. Students, therefore, did not feel interested. There was a need for a book that couldsimplify the subject to the ground level for a beginner who does not know even the basics of electrocardiography. Most of the books in this field are targeted towards cardiologists with an understanding that the reader already has enough knowledge of the basic concepts of electrocardiography. MCQs are the cornerstone for learning, teaching, and evaluation. None of the books in the market gives the idea of MCQs in electrocardiography. What problem does this book solve for the readers? - This book explains various normal and abnormal findings with the help of diagrams and illustrative electrocardiograms. Clinical implications of multiple abnormalities are discussed. This makes the subject easy to understand and to interest for a beginner. MCQs will help the readers in self-assessment. MCQs will also help teachers and examiners in evaluating the students.

This book highlights the qualitative and quantitative sequential changes in microstructure of P22 steel under various stress and temperature conditions. The P22 alloy is an established material used under elevated temperature and stress for the components of thermal power plants. Temperature and stress levels for laboratory experimentation have been selected based on the true operating condition of a boiler. This book describes both continuous as well as interrupted tests that were performed under given parameters. Subsequently, the microstructures, bulk hardness and NDE parameters (magnetic and non-linear ultrasonic) have been evaluated. For reliable data, the microstructures have been observed at different regions of creep exposed samples by different characterization techniques. This has been further followed by drawing correlation between specific features like precipitate size variation with creep strain / creep time and so on. Given the contents, this book will be a useful reference for researchers and professionals working in the area of materials especially in thermal power plants.

This book focuses on 3D printing and molding/ copying technologies and approaches, which innovatively proposes the concept of polymer 3D copying technology. It introduces the two technologies of polymer 3D printing and 3D copying by analogy and elaborates the core principles and processes of polymer 3D copying technology, the composition, basic parameters and structure design of polymer 3D copying machines, precision control methods, defect generation mechanism and solutions of polymer 3D copying products, and also discussed the future development of polymer 3D copying technology. The novel concept of 3D copying is one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested in rapid prototyping and molding. The book is based on both traditional and new knowledges, with novel content and concept, focusing on both principles and engineering practice. It systematically reflects the content and application of polymer 3D printing and 3D copying technology, which can benefit researchers, engineers, and students of related majors engaged in the fields of polymer processing, rapid prototyping, 3D printing and molding/ copying, etc.

This book focuses on both theory and applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the broad areas of communication and networking. This book focuses on the ongoing research work and future scope for various open research issues related to sustainable design, development, and analysis of smart communication, 5G and beyond, with the integration of Artificial intelligence and IoT. It addresses fundamental technology components for 5G and beyond, which include modern advancements in communication and networking in a real-world application. The book presents the convergence of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and IoT with 5G and beyond wireless networks to give some ice-breaking solutions in radio resource allocation, network management, and cybersecurity. This book will be a valuable resource for academicians, researchers, and professionals working in artificial intelligence/machine learning and its applications in communication and 5G.

This book provides a systematic summary of the latest advancements in myopia research, as well as practical experience in myopia prevention and control. The author emphasizes the importance of effectively disseminating information about myopia prevention and control to a wide audience. It highlights four effective strategies to control the progression of myopia, such as orthokeratology lens wear, wearing multifocal soft contact lenses, eye drops with low concentration of atropine, and wearing spectacles. This book aims to promote and popularize the scientific knowledge of myopia prevention and control effectively, providing a model and template for achieving this goal.

This book has been brought out in remembrance of Prof. DK Paul who has contributed immensely to the domain of Earthquake Engineering and Earthquake Disaster Mitigation. Prof. Paul was a leading authority in this field and has made significant contributions in Earthquake Resistant Analysis as well as Design of various special structures, which resulted in earthquake disaster reduction in India. This book comprises recent diverse topics on earthquake engineering and disaster mitigation. The chapters are of interest to readers, as the different chapters will elaborate popular topics on various aspects of earthquake engineering and disaster management. Substantial research work has been carried out in the domain of earthquake engineering for understanding the underlying phenomena as well as to attain relevance in mitigating disaster. Under overarching umbrella of earthquake engineering and technology, systematic categorization of various ongoing research details pertaining to earthquake engineering and disaster management has been introduced in this book. The chapters appended in this book not only comprise detailed understanding of the responses of soil and structure under the implications of seismic loading but also address some of the innovative ways to cater the implications of severe loading conditions. Further, this book also introduces specific case studies pertaining to various regions of India, which will aid the readers to attain a detailed idea about the seismic aspects of those regions in order to undergo further research. This also aids in mitigating potential hazards due to future earthquakes in terms of taking proper remedial measures. The appended chapters comprise in-depth knowledge about several aspects on earthquake engineering such as nonlinear seismic response of both superstructures and embedded structures, design spectrum, amplification prediction, simulation with the aid of stochastic approaches, seismic performance of structures as well as earthquake induced disasters. The aforementioned wide-ranging topics pertaining to earthquake engineering and disaster management aid in substantial development in futuristic research and employ innovative ways to cater the needs of mitigating disasters. All the chapters consist of proper illustrations and tables which makes it easy to comprehend the vital concepts for the readers as well as aids in implementing new aspects in the field in addition to classroom learning.

This book comprises the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Machine Intelligence and Signal Processing (MISP2022). The contents of this book focus on research advancements in machine intelligence, signal processing, and applications. The book covers the real-time challenges involved while processing big data analytics and stream processing with the integration of smart data computing services and interconnectivity. It also includes the progress in signal processing to process the normal and abnormal categories of real-world signals such as signals generated from IoT devices, smart systems, speech, and videos and involves biomedical signal processing: electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electromyogram (EMG), etc. This book proves a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

This book summarizes the progress made to functional immobilize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) through site-specific or orientated recognition in both non-covalent and covalent manners. The last decade is the dawn of the ¿post-structural biology¿ era for G protein-coupled receptor research. As an emerging approach for state-of-the-art immobilization, this book discusses efforts to explore the elegance of naturally-occurring biochemical reactions by using their high specificity and robust reactivity in the complex system, such as site-specific conjugation by covalent recognition between enzymes and their substrates. With the perspective of protein-drug interactions, this book also reviews the applications of protein immobilization, with an emphasis on G protein-coupled receptors, in drug discovery and protein-ligand interaction analysis. In addition, the merits, opportunities and disadvantages are analyzed for different immobilization methods, and a perspective for future directions is presented. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, particularly researchers engaged in the field of analytical chemistry, bioconjugate chemistry, and chemical biology, and other related field, as well as teachers of relevant majors in colleges and universities.

This book focuses on the key technologies supporting orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing communication: generation, transmission, detection, and application of vortex beams. A series of methods for generating vortex beams are described and compared in detail. Laguerre-Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian beams are taken as examples to introduce the transport properties of vortex beams in atmospheric turbulence. The authors show that superposition of vortex beam state, interference, diffraction, and grating can realize the detection of the topological charge of vortex beams. The authors also introduce the application of vortex beams in optical communication and the transmission characteristics of partially coherent vortex beams in atmospheric turbulence. Finally, the authors describe vortex beam information exchange and channel reconstruction.

This book brings together English translations of thirteen research papers published in recent years by Chinese historians, sociologists, and educators. These papers investigate various dimensions of the legacy of Chinäs historic The Christian Universities which continues to inspire higher education reform in China even in the twenty-first century.This book focuses on Christian Universities, which fostered a particularly notable Liberal Arts Education in the Chinese context. Besides embracing some ideals in common with Liberal Arts Education developed in the West, their Liberal Arts Education curriculum had an emphasis on readings in the classics, history, philosophy, religion, ethics, and literature which conveyed traditional Chinese values. The Christian Universities also shared a strong commitment to moral formation, community service, and global citizenship education. This book emphasizes Liberal Arts Education that focused on the whole person, whereacademic knowledge, skills, and character were equally valued. The book presents distinctive characteristics of the study of Christian higher education in China and the interplay between globalization and localization.

The book constitutes peer-reviewed proceedings of a workshop on Emerging Electronics Devices, Circuits, and Systems (EEDCS) held in conjunction with International Symposium on Devices, Circuits, and Systems (ISDCS 2022). The book focuses on the recent development in devices, circuits, and systems. It also discusses innovations, trends, practical challenges, and solutions adopted in device design, modeling, fabrication, characterization, and their circuit implementation with pertinent system applications. It will be useful for researchers, developers, engineers, academicians, and students.

This book explores the great transition of China from a subsistence agrarian economy to a technologically driven economic powerhouse which reflects the achievements of the hardworking Chinese people. China continues to grow as the second largest economy of the world from 2010 onwards. It is going to be the largest economy in the world by putting US economy behind. The Chinese GDP has increased of 1,500 times from 1952. This book examines the transformation of China and its economic growth is neither miraculous nor a product of market economy. Further, this book states economic development in China as a product of political pursuit shaped by the Chinese people led by the Communist Party of China from 1921 onwards. China is not only the workshop of the world today but also works as the engine of global economic growth and recovery of crisis ridden global economy. This book also shows how phenomenal Chinese economic growth and development led to the significant fall of poverty in China.This book states that the prosperous transition in China continues to show features of combined and uneven development. This is evident as China has largest billionaires, but many people still live and practice subsistence economy. However, many Chinese do not have access to clean air, water, sanitation and dignified sources of livelihoods. This book shows the social, economic and political inequalities as hindrances to deepening of democratic and egalitarian development in China. This book states that the gender gap and widening gap between urban and rural China are twin serious challenges to progressive transformations in China. The Chinese state and government are trying to implement different policies and programmes to overcome these challenges.

This book comprises the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Machine Intelligence and Signal Processing (MISP2022). The contents of this book focus on research advancements in machine intelligence, signal processing, and applications. The book covers the real-time challenges involved while processing big data analytics and stream processing with the integration of smart data computing services and interconnectivity. It also includes the progress in signal processing to process the normal and abnormal categories of real-world signals such as signals generated from IoT devices, smart systems, speech, videos and involves biomedical signal processing: electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electromyogram (EMG), etc. This book proves to be a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

This book focuses on e-commerce industry chain based on the whole process of e-commerce activities (production, distribution, circulation, consumption). It extracted the supporting technology and operation process of e-commerce into general principles in the form of mathematical analysis, helping readers to build the frame of theory and practice of activity link of e-commerce. This book stands on the concepts, carries on the innovation and cases in the practice, helping readers to establish a relatively complete e-commerce system. Also the arising challenges and issues are discussed, and guide for the future e-commerce development under the new situation is presented.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of diagnostic imaging in infectious and inflammatory diseases in central nervous system and spine. It starts with basic theory of infectious diseases, including pathological basis, laboratory diagnostic methods, and clinical imaging techniques. In following chapters, the authors firstly introduce the central nervous system infections related to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and contagious diseases. Then viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic and special infections in central nervous system and spine are presented with clinical cases. Each disease is clearly illustrated using cases combined with high-quality CT and MRI. The book provides a valuable reference source for radiologists and doctors working in the area of infectious and inflammatory diseases.