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This book presents multiple aspects of spine care from the perspective of different disciplines. It's organized by sections focused on non-operative care, spine injections and procedures, perioperative care, operative care, pediatric care, and special topics. Each chapter has been written by a clinician whose active practice involves the topic of their chapter. Practical and clinically relevant, this book educates any practitioner who cares for patients with back and neck pain and other spine conditions about implementing a multidisciplinary team to treat the spine. 

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems, MobiTAS 2022, held as part of the 23rd International Conference, HCI International 2022, which was held virtually in June/July 2022. The total of 1271 papers and 275 posters included in the HCII 2022 proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 5487 submissions.The MobiTAS 2022 proceedings were organized in the following topical sections: Designing Interactions in the Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Context; Human-Centered Design of Automotive Systems; Driver Information and Assistance Systems; Studies on Automated Driving; and Micro-mobility and Urban Mobility.  

This book provides a brief introduction to the growing field of animal maltreatment evaluation and treatment, with a special emphasis on clinical training from a forensic psychology perspective. Geared toward mental health practitioners, students, and educators, this broad overview focuses on foundational legal concepts, applications in clinical and psycholegal settings, and emerging perspectives on effective evaluation and treatment. The authors provide practical guidance around "e;real world"e; scenarios through the use of clinical case vignettes, highlighting the complexities and need for culturally- and psychologically-informed care in these cases. Key topics include forensic animal maltreatment evaluations (or FAMEs); implications for best practices; challenges for providers, trainees, and supervisors; and future directions for the field.

This book addresses key issues in corporate finance and explores them from financial development and financial stability perspectives in emerging markets. Emerging economies are susceptible to rapidly changing financial sectors and products as well as financial upheavals. In this light, the growing interdependence of states and capital markets, and the risk of crises have an impact on the financing of firms. The chapters in this book highlight how companies and policies in emerging markets are affected and deal with the current post-crisis world. By combining academic and industry insights, the critical issues in corporate finance, financial development, and the preparedness of emerging markets are explored.

This book offers an historical and comparative profile of classical pentecostal movements in Brazil and the United States in view of their migratory beginnings and transnational expansion. Pentecostalism's inception in the early twentieth century, particularly in its global South permutations, was defined by its grassroots character. In contrast to the top-down, hierarchical structure typical of Western forms of Christianity, the emergence of Latin American Pentecostalism embodied stability from the bottom up-among the common people. While the rise to prominence of the Assemblies of God in Brazil, the Western hemisphere's largest (non-Catholic) denomination, demanded structure akin to mainline contexts, classical pentecostals such as the Christian Congregation movement cling to their grassroots identity. Comparing the migratory and missional flow of movements with similar European and US roots, this book considers the prospects for classical Brazilian pentecostals with an eye on the problems of church growth and polity, gender, politics, and ethnic identity.

This book explores the concept of 'resilience' in the context of militaries and militarization. Focusing on the U.S., Britain, Canada, Australia, and continental Europe, it argues that, post-9/11, there has been a shift away from 'trauma' and towards 'resilience' in framing and understanding human responses to calamitous events. The contributors to this volume show how resilience-speech has been militarized, and deeply entrenched in imagined communities. As the concept travels, it is applied in diverse and often contradictory ways to a vast array of experiences, contexts, and scientific fields and disciplines. By embracing diverse methodologies and perspectives, this book reflects on how resilience has been weaponized and employed in highly gendered ways, and how it is central to neoliberal governance in the twenty-first century. While critical of the use of resilience, the chapters also reflect on more positive ways for humans to respond to unforeseen challenges.

This book is about the most significant developments in the field of microlearning in the teaching of programming. In particular, the book covers the creation of content and the use of microlearning activities for automatically evaluating programming assignments. These critical component of microlearning represent a significant contribution both in fulfilling individual project objectives and in improving computer programming education in general. The book is interdisciplinary, examining both computer science and education. Specific topics explored include:  development of distance courses, creating microcourses, fostering interdisciplinary knowledge, IT, management, and theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the implementation of microlearning. Additionally, comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature (monographs, articles, proceedings) on the subject of the project and conducted research is provided.                      

This thesis explores the physics of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics in homogeneous two-dimensional (2D) quantum gases. Ultracold quantum gases driven out of equilibrium have been prominent platforms for studying quantum many-body physics. However, probing non-equilibrium dynamics in conventionally trapped, inhomogeneous atomic quantum gases has been a challenging task because coexisting mass transport and spreading of quantum correlations often complicate experimental analyses. In this work, the author solves this technical hurdle by producing ultracold cesium atoms in a quasi-2D optical box potential. The exquisite optical trap allows one to remove density inhomogeneity in a degenerate quantum gas and control its dimensionality. The author also details the development of a high-resolution, in situ imaging technique to monitor the evolution of collective excitations and quantum transport down to atomic shot-noise, and at the length scale of elementary collective excitations. Meanwhile, tunable Feshbach resonances in ultracold cesium atoms permit precise and dynamical control of interactions with high temporal and even spatial resolutions. By employing these state-of-the-art techniques, the author performed interaction quenches to control the generation and evolution of quasiparticles in quantum gases, presenting the first direct measurement of quantum entanglement between interaction quench generated quasiparticle pairs in an atomic superfluid. Quenching to attractive interactions, this work shows stimulated emission of quasiparticles, leading to amplified density waves and fragmentation, forming 2D matter-wave Townes solitons that were previously considered impossible to form in equilibrium due to their instability. This thesis unveils a set of scale-invariant and universal quench dynamics and provides unprecedented tools to explore quantum entanglement transport in a homogenous quantum gas.

This book explores recent advances in the microbial production of xylitol and its applications in food and medical sector. Xylitol is an important biomolecule from lignocellulose biorefinery which is produced from the xylose by chemical reactions or microbial fermentation methods. Currently, the demand of xylitol at commercial scale is being met through chemical methods. However, recent breakthroughs made in plant cell wall destruction, genetic engineering to develop the designer microorganisms, fermentation methods and media formulations and downstream processing have led the ways for sustainable production of xylitol at commercial scale in lignocellulose biorefineries. Microbial production of xylitol is preferred over the chemical processes as it is environmentally friendly, higher process efficiency with the desired product yield, and product recovery with minimum impurities. This book is a unique compilation of 11 book chapters written by experts in their respective fields. These chapters present critical insights and discuss the current progress and future progress in this area into fermentative xylitol production.Chapter 9 is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. For further details see license information in the chapter.

This book provides cutting-edge, up-to-date research findings on the use of bionanocomposites in biodegradable and environmental applications, while also detailing how to achieve bionanocomposites preparation, characteristics, and significant enhancements in physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal properties and applications. This book on biodegradable and environmental properties of bionanocomposites provides a comprehensive and updated review of major innovations in the field of polymer-based bionanocomposites for biodegradable and environmental applications. It covers properties and applications, including the synthesis of polymer-based bionanocomposites from different sources biomaterials-based composites and tactics on the efficacy and major challenges associated with successful scale-up fabrication on bionanocomposites.It is an essential reference for future research in bionanocomposites as topics such as sustainable, biodegradable, and environmental methods for highly innovative and applied materials are current topics of importance. The book covers a wide range of research on bionanocomposite and their biodegradable and environmental applications. Updates on the most relevant polymer-based bionanocomposite and their prodigious potential in the fields of biodegradable and the environment are presented. Leading researchers from industry, academy, government, and private research institutions across the globe contribute to this book. Scientists, engineers, and students with interest in the most important advancements in the field of bionanocomposites involving high-performance bionanocomposites will benefit from this book which is highly application-oriented.   

Doctors, patients, investigators, administrators, and policymakers who assign diagnoses assume three elements: the name describes an entity with conceptual or evidentiary boundaries, the person setting the name has a high degree of certainty, and the name has a consensus definition. This book challenges this practice and offers an alternative to assigning diagnoses: quantitating diagnostic uncertainty in personal and public medical plans.This book offers the stakeholders' views participating in a workshop, sponsored by the Barbara Volcker Center/Hospital for Special Surgery, taking place in April 2020, about uncertain diagnoses. Chapters examine the circumstances in which diagnosis names are "e;unassignable"e;, either because patients do not fit within diagnostic "e;boxes"e; or because health abnormalities evolve and change over time. In addition, the book deconstructs the processes of diagnosis and explores how different stakeholders used diagnosis names for various purposes. In examining pertinent questions, the book offers a roadmap to achieving consensus definitions or including measures of uncertainty in personal care, research, and policy.Diagnoses Without Names: Challenges for Medical Care, Research, and Policy is an essential resource for physicians and related professionals, residents, fellows, and graduate students in internal medicine, rheumatology, and clinical immunology as well as investigators, administrators, policymakers.

Clinical Guide to Exposure Therapy provides evidence-based guidance on how to incorporate and tailor exposure therapy for patients who present with problems beyond fear and its disorders. Exposure therapy is a relatively easy-to-implement intervention with powerful effects. Helping clinicians expand their reach and effectiveness, this clinician's guide includes chapters on (1) considerations for deviating from standard exposure protocols when patients present with comorbid psychiatric or medical conditions and (2) how to use exposure therapy in the treatment of conditions that do not center on fear or anxiety (e.g., eating disorders, obesity, depression, substance use disorders, chronic pain). Complementing existing resources for clinicians on exposure therapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders, this volume provides  guidance on issues related to the planning and implementation of exposure interventions more broadly. This clinical guide an essential resource for the advanced trainee and clinician providing exposure therapy for complex comorbidities and unique populations.

This book presents an original study on how contemporary artists are exploring urban spaces through mapping. Despite a long history of representations of cities in maps, and the relationships that can be envisaged between art maps and cities in the contemporary world, little research is dedicated to investigating how artists intervene in the realm of urban cartography. The research examines a century-old history of art maps and draws on academic debates challenging traditional notions of maps as scientific artefacts produced through accurate measurement and surveying. The potential of art maps to construct personal narratives, through contestation, embodiment and play, is analysed in the city context, where spaces are shaped by urban planning and design, political ideologies and socio-economic forces. Adopting an exploratory and interpretative research approach that investigates the confluence of theories originated in different domains, this book conducts the reader to discover what artistic practices can bring into a more creative, while inquisitive, understanding of cities. A series of semi-structured interviews with visual artists, enquiring how they apprehend, process and re-create urban spaces in artworks, explores cartographic process and methods in visual art practices in the twenty first century, which incorporates digital technologies and critical thinking.

This book presents applications and solutions of Big Data in the GovTech system and recommendations for regulating the institutions of the digital economy and information society for the wide application of Big Data with the use of the institutional approach. In this book, a systematic scientific understanding of GovTech is formed, the central place of Big Data in this system is substantiated, and modern experience in the functioning and development of this system is considered in detail. The contribution of the book to the literature is to bridge the gap between theory and practice of GovTech through a comprehensive study of all its manifestations in the three parts of the book. The first part is devoted to GovTech in the provision of high-tech educational services based on Big Data. The second part reflects state regulation of the economy by industry using Big Data in the GovTech. The third part outlined the digital divide and the experience of overcoming it with the help of GovTech based on Big Data.The practical significance of the book lies in the fact that it offers a holistic practical guide to the development of the GovTech system based on Big Data. The book will be of interest to academic scientists studying GovTech, as it clarified its categorical apparatus and scientific basis. The subjects of management in GovTech form the secondary target audience of this book, which provides them with numerous cases from the experience of modern Russia, as well as applied recommendations for improving the efficiency of the GovTech system based on Big Data. The book is multidisciplinary and is intended for scientists from various fields of science (pedagogy, economics, business, law, management, and ICT).

This book provides basic knowledge about main memory management in relational databases as it is needed to support large-scale applications processed completely in memory. In business operations, real-time predictability and high speed is a must. Hence every opportunity must be exploited to improve performance, including reducing dependency on the hard disk, adding more memory to make more data resident in the memory, and even deploying an in-memory system where all data can be kept in memory.The book provides one chapter for each of the main related topics, i.e. the memory system, memory management, virtual memory, and databases and their memory systems, and it is complemented by a short survey of six commercial systems: TimesTen, MySQL, VoltDB, Hekaton, HyPer/ScyPer, and SAP HANA.

This book examines trauma in late twentieth- and twenty-first century American popular culture. Trauma has become a central paradigm for reading contemporary American culture. Since the early 1980s, an extensive range of genres increasingly feature traumatised protagonists and traumatic events. From traumatised superheroes in Hollywood blockbusters to apocalyptic-themed television series, trauma narratives abound. Although trauma is predominantly associated with high culture, this project shows how popular culture has become the most productive and innovative area of trauma representation in America. Examining film, television, animation, video games and cult texts, this book develops a series of original paradigms through which to understand trauma in popular culture. These include: popular trauma texts' engagement with postmodern perspectives, formal techniques termed 'competitive narration', 'polynarration' and 'sceptical scriptotherapy', and perpetrator trauma in metafictional games. 

This book assesses democratic resilience and challenges in (relatively) newly emerging democracies in the Asia-Pacific, which are simultaneously important case studies as newly emerging middle powers. Across all dimensions and measurements, South Korea and Indonesia are consistently the most salient case studies to consider. The two case studies are compared across three sections. First, the relationship between economic development and democratic resilience in Indonesia and South Korea. Second, nature of political culture and societal constructs in the two case studies. The final section looks at the potential peculiarities of the two case studies, which are seen as uniquely challenged: Indonesia by religious persecution and South Korea by political populism. Certainly, democratization is a long and difficult process. This book provides insight into how the two countries have embarked on similar democratization projects. It also delineates the successes and failures from which valuable lessons on democratization can be drawn.

This book focuses on how current and prospective teachers worldwide are prepared for the significant task of teaching geography, given the important role of teachers. It eschews a traditional career-centric framework (pre-service, in-service teaching) in favor of a topical approach toward issues that all teachers face. The book updates thinking on geography education subfields such as GI education and fieldwork and traces important contemporary discourses such as digitalization and sustainability. The book further explains the broad variety of institutionalization of geography teacher education in various political systems.  In short, this book collects strategies for geography teacher educators worldwide to provide insight into the challenges, conditions, and solutions present at the classroom and institutional level. As such, this book is a must-have for teacher educators and geography teachers worldwide.

This book explores and formulates a response to the question: How best can those held in modern systems of mass incarceration be cared for pastorally when many prisons diminish both hope and humanity? Employing the multi-disciplinary approach of practical theology, this ethnographic enquiry will be a guide for chaplains and all who strive to embody compassion wherever human flourishing is undermined. The book's structure follows the pastoral cycle method from practical theology, remaining context-based and practice-focused throughout. Pastoral insights are illustrated with personal, poetic and movingly reflective material drawn from the lived experience of indeterminately sentenced men who did not know if or when they would be ever released. The author, a former prison chaplain, remains reflexively and humanely present in the text, modelling the profound humane regard and pastoral presence that is central to this work. This book will take the reader deeply into penal spaces on a journey of both compassion and hope.

This book educates and familiarizes psychiatrists with the impact of cannabis beyond the scope of addiction and ways to effectively discuss the existing literature and knowledge with patients.Cannabis in Psychiatric Practice is organized by clinical setting to help tailor the literature to psychiatrists and other mental health clinicians working in all areas, whether traditional outpatient clinics, emergency departments, inpatient psychiatry or medical units. It helps readers, regardless of their training background, learn about the impact of cannabis on a variety of disorders in a manner adjusted to the unique needs and challenges of their particular treatment settings and patient populations. The book also includes clinical cases and practical tips integrating the current evidence, treatment approaches, and psychoeducation needed to effectively practice in the era of modern-day psychiatry and cannabis legalization. Chapters are written in a clear, easy-to-read style, allowing readers to reference specific portions of the book as needed, increasing its utility for the general psychiatrist and mental health clinician.With the increasing prevalence and availability of cannabis and CBD products, this book is an invaluable reference for psychiatrists who wish to explore the impact of cannabis in their clinical practice.

This book focuses on drylands such as arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas where they form the main part of ecosystems, e.g., in Iran, but also around the world. Mismanagement and improper exploitation of these areas lead to more degradation day by day. Besides an introduction to the role and importance of vegetation cover in conserving soil against wind and water erosion, this book gives a scope of appropriate techniques and methods for vegetation establishment and maintenance, indicators for suitable plants selection for soil  conservation, and soil erosion prevention and combat. It provides methods of soil erosion prevention and combating through the application of plants, using bioengineering systems for soil erosion control and the role of agroforestry in soil erosion prevention.This book can be helpful to those with an interest in countries with similar climates to Iran. In particular, this includes Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.

This book presents up-to-date information on the general principles of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine in the context of endocrinology.The content is divided into six parts. Section I examines general aspects of radiopharmaceuticals, scintigraphy, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), radionuclide therapies and radioguided surgery. Section II discusses diagnostic applications in benign thyroid diseases and evaluation of thyroid nodules. Section III gives an overview of the management of parathyroid diseases. Section IV presents diagnostic techniques in well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Section V addresses procedures and therapy in adrenal benign and malignant disorders (phaechromocytomas and paragangliomas). Lastly, the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors are featured in Section VI.Nuclear Medicine in Endocrine Disorders: Diagnosis and Therapy is intended for non-specialists in nuclear medicine working in the field of endocrinology, and is also a valuable resource for researchers and students.

This book provides cutting-edge information on the vaccination of children treated with various immunosuppressive regimens. The latest literature and recommendations on vaccination in immunosuppressed children are discussed in detail, providing practical guidelines on vaccination for specialists caring for immunosuppressive paediatric patients.Vaccination of Immunosuppressed Children in Clinical Practice is a clinically-focused synthesis for a wide audience of paediatricians around the world. Paediatricians (including rheumatologists, gastroenterologists, immunologists, neurologists, nephrologists, oncologists, haematologists) will find this book to be an essential resource for their daily clinical practice.

This book describes for first time the synthesis and intensified process design in the production of top biofuels. The production of biofuels is not new. In 2019, global biofuel production levels reached 1,841 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day, in stark comparison to the 187 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day that was produced in 2000. Growth has largely been driven by policies that encourage the use and production of biofuels due to the perception that it could provide energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in relevant sectors. From a technical point of view, almost all fuels from fossil resources could be substituted by their bio-based counterparts. However, the cost of bio-based production in many cases exceeds the cost of petrochemical production. Also, biofuels must be proven to perform at least as good as the petrochemical equivalent they are substituting and to have a lower environmental impact. The low price of crude oil acted as a barrier to biofuels production and producers focussed on the specific attributes of biofuels such as their complex structure to justify production costs. Also, the consumer demand for environmentally friendly products, population growth and limited supplies of non-renewable resources has now opened new windows of opportunity for biofuels. The industry is increasingly viewing chemical production from renewable resources as an attractive area for investment. This book uniquely introduces the application of new process intensification techniques that will allow the generation of clean, efficient and economical processes for biofuels in a competitive way in the market.

This textbook provides a self-contained presentation of the theory and models of time series analysis. Putting an emphasis on weakly stationary processes and linear dynamic models, it describes the basic concepts, ideas, methods and results in a mathematically well-founded form and includes numerous examples and exercises. The first part presents the theory of weakly stationary processes in time and frequency domain, including prediction and filtering. The second part deals with multivariate AR, ARMA and state space models, which are the most important model classes for stationary processes, and addresses the structure of AR, ARMA and state space systems, Yule-Walker equations, factorization of rational spectral densities and Kalman filtering. Finally, there is a discussion of Granger causality, linear dynamic factor models and (G)ARCH models. The book provides a solid basis for advanced mathematics students and researchers in fields such as data-driven modeling, forecasting and filtering, which are important in statistics, control engineering, financial mathematics, econometrics and signal processing, among other subjects.

This book argues that accelerating action toward sustainability for and by cities and their inhabitants can make a huge difference to humanity's endeavor to recover from current crises and build a sustainable future. It sheds light on cutting-edge concepts and actions toward sustainability that can taken by and for cities and with citizens. In this book, author Voula Mega takes the reader on a journey inside and across cities and highlights efforts toward a paradigmatic shift that reconciles human systems with nature. Leadership, education, innovation, trust and citizen empowerment all play a crucial role for the co-invention of a new model that balances human well-being, sustainable prosperity and the future of the planet. Building on robust evidence and inspired by best practices, Human Sustainable Cities offers compelling messages and convincing advice to all stakeholders who are striving to overcome crises, speed up the path toward resilience and preparedness and bounce forward better.

This book analyses how the environmental movement has developed three overarching narratives that co-exist and compete within it. The first is the narrative of green progress, which has been prominent from the start in environmentalist thought and which is today expressed in the idea of sustainable development and in eco-modernism. The second is the apocalyptic narrative, which urges us to act in order to avert a future catastrophe and which rose to prominence with Rachel Carson and other classics of post-war environmentalism and experienced a renaissance with the climate activism of the 2000s. The third is the postapocalyptic narrative according to which catastrophe is already an unavoidable fact. The centrepiece of the book is its discussion of the postapocalyptic narrative, which has become influential in the recent decade, especially in the wake of the disillusionment following the failed climate summit in Copenhagen 2009. Climate change, resource exhaustion, pollution and species extinction signal that catastrophes have already become realities here and now for an enormous number of people and other lifeforms. The book probes the possibilities and limitations of the environmental movement in grappling with these issues and turning them into relevant action. 

This book unpacks policy and politics for health, equity, and wellbeing. With a critical realist lens, the book provides a methodology for sophisticated health focussed policy analysis which situates public health within complex political processes and systems. The application of that lens is demonstrated with insights from a decade of research into urban and regional planning.

Perfectly-secure cryptography is a branch of information-theoretic cryptography. A perfectly-secure cryptosystem guarantees that the malicious third party cannot guess anything regarding the plain text or the key, even in the case of full access to the cipher text. Despite this advantage, there are only a few real-world implementations of perfect secrecy due to some well-known limitations. Any simple, straightforward modeling can pave the way for further advancements in the implementation, especially in environments with time and resource constraints such as IoT. This book takes one step towards this goal via presenting a hybrid combinatorial-Boolean model for perfectly-secure cryptography in IoT. In this book, we first present an introduction to information-theoretic cryptography as well as perfect secrecy and its real-world implementations. Then we take a systematic approach to highlight information-theoretic cryptography as a convergence point for existing trends in research on cryptography in IoT. Then we investigate combinatorial and Boolean cryptography and show how they are seen almost everywhere in the ecosystem and the life cycle of information-theoretic IoT cryptography. We finally model perfect secrecy in IoT using Boolean functions, and map the Boolean functions to simple, well-studied combinatorial designs like Latin squares.This book is organized in two parts. The first part studie s information-theoretic cryptography and the promise it holds for cryptography in IoT. The second part separately discusses combinatorial and Boolean cryptography, and then presents the hybrid combinatorial-Boolean model for perfect secrecy in IoT.

This book presents the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Signal Processing and Information Communications (ICSPIC)), which was held in Paris, France on March 14-16, 2022. The conference solicits papers on all aspects of signal processing and information communications, which includes mixed signal processing, multimedia signal processing, nonlinear signal processing, communication theory and techniques, optical communications, and wireless networks. The conference is made up of theorists and experts in advanced characterization techniques in the fields of signal processing and information communications, which brings researchers, practitioners, and scientists in discussion of the latest methods, research developments, and future opportunities.