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With the given work we decided to help not only the readers but ourselves, as the professionals who actively involved in the networking branch, with understanding the trends that have developed in recent two decades in distributed systems and networks. Important architecture transformations of distributed systems have been examined.

herausgegeben und mit einem Nachwort versehen von Dieter Frohlich

The Universe of Conics

This publication focuses on competency orientation in higher education, illustrating international assessment practices for measuring student learning outcomes.

Facing up to the immense challenges of integrating renewable energy supplies, with their variable output, into the distribution grid, this book examines the innovations required to create 'smart' grids able to operate effectively in the decades to come.

Jan Beermann addresses persistent research gaps in urban climate governance and North-South cooperation. He compares the form, processes and outcomes of four local climate protection projects conducted as part of German-Indian urban cooperation and explores the conditions associated with the success and/or failure in these initiatives. The study concludes that North-South city partnerships struggle to fully realise their potential to foster global climate protection efforts, specifically in terms of post-project sustainability, multi-level governance coordination, and mutuality. On the basis of these findings, practical policy recommendations on how to maximise the outcomes and broaden the scope of urban climate cooperation are provided.

Miriam Schader shows that migrants can use religion as a resource for political involvement in their (new) country of residence - but under certain circumstances only. The author analyses the role religious networks and symbols play for the politicization and participation of Muslim and Christian migrants from sub-Saharan Africa in Berlin and Paris. Against the widely held belief that Islam is a 'political religion' in itself, this study demonstrates that Christian migrants draw on their religion for political action more easily than their Muslim counterparts. It also highlights that it is not religion in general which helps migrants get politically active, but particular forms of religious organisations and particular theological elements. 

This book provides precise descriptions and instructions which enable users, students and consultants to understand Microsoft Dynamics AX rapidly. Microsoft offers Dynamics AX as its premium ERP solution, supporting large and mid-sized organizations with a complete business management solution which is easy to use. Going through a simple but comprehensive case study, this book provides the required knowledge to handle all basic business processes in Dynamics AX. Exercises are there to train the processes and functionality, also making this book a good choice for self-study.

Ruth Achenbach develops a model of individual return migration decision making, which examines both the process and the decisive factors in return migration decision making of Chinese highly skilled workers and students in Japan. She proposes to answer a question yet insufficiently explained by migration research: why do migrants deviate from their migration intentions and return sooner or later than planned, or not at all? Her study integrates factors from the spheres of career, family and lifestyle, and redefines stages in long-term decision-making processes, thereby contributing to decision and migration theory. She analyzes migrants' shifting priorities over the course of migration, including a perspective on life course and on the impact of the triple catastrophe of March 11, 2011.

Benedikt von Liel provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the concept of Creating Shared Value (CSV). In the theoretical analysis, the author assesses the uniqueness of the theory of Creating Shared Value by comparing it to other relevant social responsibility concepts. The empirical analysis provides insights from over 60 industry case studies of Creating Shared Value. The assessment includes the influence of geography as well as a range of other relevant external and internal factors. As a result, the author identifies critical success factors for the creation of shared value.

Philipp Meisen introduces a model, a query language, and a similarity measure enabling users to analyze time interval data. The introduced tools are combined to design and realize an information system. The presented system is capable of performing analytical tasks (avoiding any type of summarizability problems), providing insights, and visualizing results processing millions of intervals within milliseconds using an intuitive SQL-based query language. The heart of the solution is based on several bitmap-based indexes, which enable the system to handle huge amounts of time interval data. 

In diesem essential beschreibt Hans-Jurgen Arlt das Paradox unserer modernen Gesellschaft, die Freiheit als ihren hochsten Wert feiert und verteidigt, aber mit der Arbeitstatigkeit eine Lebenspraxis in ihr Zentrum stellt, die in der Regel unfreiwillig und fremdbestimmt ausgeubt wird. Dieses Paradox nimmt das essential zum Anlass aufzuzeigen, wie die Moderne in die Arbeitsgesellschaft hineingeriet und wie sie herauskommen kann. Der Arbeit ohne Ende mit Wachstumszwang, Konsumsucht und sozialer Spaltung wird ein Szenario gegenuber gestellt, das die Kollektivitat der Arbeit mit individuellen Freiheitsrechten versohnt. Statt auf das Recht des Starkeren oder die Verstaatlichung der Arbeit zu setzen, wird fur ein Freiheitsverstandnis pladiert, dem es auf das reflektierte Verhaltnis von Bindung und Unabhangigkeit ankommt. Skizziert wird eine Wirtschaftsweise, die besser zu leben und weniger zu arbeiten als egalitares, nicht nur als elitares Programm realisiert.