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"The book Urban Environment and Social Wellbeing in Second Class Indian Cities is a comprehensive research work carried out for a thesis submitted for the award of Ph.D. degree in Geography at the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The study of interior social and environmental structure of the cities reveals some unpleasant conditions prevailing there. Social area analysis can be used to identify the inequalities in the socio-political and environmental conditions at micro level. This book is an effort to identify the different segments of the urban places especially in second class Indian cities using some well defined variables. Theoretical basis for the identification of the wellbeing or quality of life of the population is also incorporated. A practical account of social area analysis for the fifty-one wards of the city of Calicut using the method of factor analysis is given which can be used for the planners and academic researchers. "

It looks at the agricultural scenario of Sikkim and the two central schemes of PDS and MGNREGA in ensuring food security in the hill state of Sikkim its impact and challenges. The study aims to build strong management of food security at grassroots level trying to bring better governance in the form of accountability, transparency and advocacy at the lowest level which could be applicable to the hill area including north east states of India in general and Sikkim in specific.

The regional picture of investment in agriculture in the state of Uttar Pradesh, the study looks to make a contribution to the policy for development of the backward regions. The study will throw light on the trends of investment in Indian agriculture at macro level and the determinants of agricultural investment and saving at the micro levels. The study is thus expected to make a significant contribution for both improving theoretical understanding and policy formulation in an important area of the economy at the national and the state level. The study is based on field survey of 256 cultivating households drawn from eight villages of Eastern and Western Uttar Pradesh. Income, consumption, saving behavior and investment pattern of sample households were discuss in the different chapters of the book. The study analysed the major determinants of rural saving using cross section village level multiple regression analysis. A few variables were selected as independent variables and grouped into two categories-(a) economic variables (b) non economic variables. The study concluded that Public investment in agriculture in real terms in India shows an absolute decline in the eighties, which continued into the nineties. Availability of institutional finance, Sizes of the farm-holding, Technological development in terms of mechanization, non-farm income of the sample households, commercialization of agriculture and educational level of heads had positive and significant impact on the saving of households.

The subject matter of this book is State Finances of Haryana with major focus on revenue side of finance. Different sources of revenue available to State Government have been discussed in detailed which helps to identify the revenue generation capacity of State Government and as well as its dependency on resources of Central Government. The study of revenue pattern helps to determine socio-economic and fiscal position by analyzing that revenue growth is adequate or not for making required development expenditure. A brief analysis of expenditure pattern is also made in the book. This is a valuable book for students, teachers and researchers of economics and commerce. It is an excellent resource for economists and finance professionals.

Geography has become an extremely varied, versatile and high empirical discipline, and its area of study has grown a great deal since its inception. Harvey (1969) opines that geography is concerned with the description and explanation of the areal differentiation on the earth's surface. Growing human population is responsible for increasing demand for resources. The available resources are scarce in nature, on the one hand, and the population is growing rapidly on the other. Hence, it is the need of the hour to adopt the optimum utilization concept for effective conservation and management of resources. Resource Geography of Goa has been taught at under graduate level prescribed by Goa University. The textbook will provide relevant information to the students about Goa mainly consists of History, administrative divisions, physical resources, economic, demographic and settlement characteristics of Goa etc. The content has been supported with illustration, graphs tables etc.

Limnology is the study of inland waters - lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, wetlands and groundwater. Limnological studies have great significance today. These studies provide us a path to explore freshwater bodies in various aspects. It is the study of the structural and functional interrelationships of organisms of inland waters as their dynamic physical, chemical, and biotic environments affect them. Until and unless we have a proper understanding of a water body, it is impossible to exploit it in an appropriate way. A limnological study of Tighra Reservoir, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh was carried out. The study included both physico-chemical analysis as well as biological studies of the reservoir. Such studies not only enable us to understand a water body but also help in better utilization of it. This book is an outcome of such a study. The whole study has been presented in the form of seven chapters along with references. The book will be very useful for academicians, researchers and students, working in the fields of limnology and environmental sciences.

This book presents the details of faunal beauty of the scenic Khajjiar Lake which is a good representative of the unique Himalayan diversity. Khajjiar Lake also known as Mini Switzerland is one of the oldest preserved area of India notified on 01.07.1949. We have given detail morphological, taxonomic and abundance of all 223 species of different faunal groups (123 invertebrates and 100 vertebrates), spread over 193 genera, 79 families and 32 orders present in, on and around the Khajjiar Lake. This fauna includes some of the important threatened species like 3 species of butterflies placed under Wildlife Protection Act (1972) and thirteen species of mammals placed under Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972 and two critically endangered birds Indian White-backed Vulture and Red-headed Vulture. However nine species of mammals are also listed as threatened in Convention in Trade of Endangered Species (CITES). There is also an effort to deal with the potential threats and possible conservation measures for this beautiful faunal wealth. This book can be used by the students as a base line source for future studies of the fauna of Khajjiar Lake.

Travel and Tourism occupies a pivotal position in almost all places of the global economies. Andhra Pradesh is not an exception to this economic development. This facilitates the employment generation and also the revenue generating mechanism for the millions of youth. Travel and Tourism occupies an important position in the Economy of every nation. This book is an attempt to understand the role of growing tourism industry in the state of Andhra Pradesh and its realizing significance of magnitude that concerns broadly with the overall development of tourism industry with a special focus on tourism development in backward districts. It is also concerned with the question how is it that India does not have her fair share in the overall tourist spectrum? What it is that is lacking for, only out of every 250 tourists worldwide wanting to visit India despite her enormous potential for the growth of tourism industry This book provides detailed information about the micro problem area by choosing two backward districts in the country belonging to Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, a major constituent State of Indian union. The study is explorative in character as it seeks to make an in depth as well as extensive study of the various facets of tourism and the impact of the tourism upon national and regional development and also its efficiency in removing backwardness of a region and the various problems being faced by the tourism industry in India.

The humped featherback, Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822) represents an important fishery resource in different parts of South-East Asia and particularly in India. But due to overexploitation and habitat degradation this species has been categorised as endangered (EN) in the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan, 1998 and Near threatened by IUCN (2014). Therefore, large-scale farming would not only ensure the sustainable resource utilisation and biodiversity conservation, but also will help to widen the consumer's preference for this new candidate species to diversify Indian freshwater aquaculture. For the successful culture practice the entire knowledge on the particular species is very important. Thus, we have made an effort to compile all the available information from different national and international publications with some very interesting data collected from the farmers who are presently culturing this important species to increase its production. We hope this contribution will definitely encourage the students and support the future researchers as well as the aqua culturists as a standard guide by providing all the updated research information on Chitala.

Agricultural subsidies have become the world-wide phenomenon and also a debatable issue in India. That's why this issue is discussed in this book in detail. This book deals with the agricultural subsidies like fertilizers, irrigation and electricity during pre as well as post-liberalization period in India. Zone-wise (East, West, North, South, North-East) as well as the state-wise subsidies are discussed from 1980-81 to 2008-09. For analysing the growth and distribution pattern of agricultural subsidies, five zones i.e., south zone (includes Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep), west zone (includes Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Goa, Daman and Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli), east zone (Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal), north zone (Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Delhi and Chandigarh) and north-east zone (Assam, Tripura, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Sikkim) are discussed. In the last section of book productivity and total agricultural subsidies are analysed.

Geography is a multidisciplinary subject, and is gaining much importance. Geography ha: become an extremely varied, versatile and high empirical discipline, and its area of study has grown a great deal since its inception. Harvey (1969) opines that geography is concerned with the description and explanation of the areal differentiation on the earth's surface Growing human population is responsible for increasing demand for resources. The available resources are scarce in nature, on the one hand, and the population is growing rapidly on the other. Hence, it is the need of the hour to adopt the optimum utilization concept for effective conservation and management of resources. Fish has become an important source of food for many centuries. Even today it is also the prime source of food substances in many coastal countries in the world. Earlier fish capturing was practiced by man with traditional methods. Today, the modern means of technology are at man's disposal. As a result, modernization has been adopted along with traditional methods. Mechanization is adopted only in marine fishing, and traditional methods are practiced not only in aquaculture but also in marine fishing activities. The high level mechanization is found in the technically advanced countries and viceversa. Fishing is one of the extractive occupations of man. It is older than agriculture. Fish provides the easiest available food for man. However, fishing is unusually difficult and does not provide lively hood for many people. It hardly absorbs less than 2 percent of the worlds labour force. Fish provides an inexhaustible source of food supply due to its incredible capacity for multiplying. Thus, marine life has to play an important role as a domestic food of man kind in future, whatever the pressure of population. This book is the net outcome of research work Ph.D. thesis submitted to Karnataka University Dharwad. Hope this book would be useful to thestudents community at UG and PG level of all disciplinesand publicin general.

In the present era of globalization and Information Revolution English has spread throughout the world and has become the undisputed the lingua franca. At this juncture, in order to fully participate in the world and benefit from the myriad opportunities it entails, and be a part of its interconnected economic, technological and geopolitical relations one requires fluency in written English, together with command of spoken English. However, in spite of the fact that English is a second language in India, writing has been given hardly any priority. This makes the students resort to learning by rote and reproduce answers in the examinations. The present book comes as an answer to this problem. It presents how, with minimal teacher interference, students can learn the writing skill and write acceptable English on their own. It also suggests how the imaginary feeling of 'incapability' (the "I-cannot-write-and-never-will-be-able-to" feeling) can be countered and eliminated with the help of teacher feedback. In the Indian context writing is the most important skill as everyone wants to gain proficiency in English in order to overcome social and economic disadvantages.

In the present era, libraries of engineering colleges and polytechnics are playing vital and active role in imparting education and knowledge to students, staff members and the society nearby. They are working as an information centers where users are getting needed information at right time with the available as well as outside resources. In-service training is specially designed to enhance the competence of librarians and also for other skilled library personnel in dealing with variety of library functions. In the early days the training was not that much necessary, however, the information retrieval processes and automation of libraries compels the formal training, not only for new recruit but also for existing library staff. The development and training of the library professional staff occupies a significant place in the study of motivation. In-service training increase employee's knowledge of the job, promote high moral, aids them to perform effectively and demonstrate ability for future professional growth. The sum of this results in an increment in both quantity and quality of library services. It is hoped that this book shall be a good value addition to any library and information science professionals and shall give a thorough insight on the subject concerned.

Profitability, productivity, morale and quality of work life are of concern to most organizations because they impact achievement of organization goals. There is an increasing trend to maximize an organization's investment in its employees. Jobs that previously required physical dexterity now require more mental effort. Organizations need to 'work smarter' and apply creative ideas. The work force has also changed. Employees expect more from a day's work than simply a day's pay. They want challenge, recognition, and a sense of accomplishment, worthwhile tasks and meaningful relationships with their managers and co-workers. When these needs are not met, performance declines. Today's technological library customers and users demand continually improving quality, rapid products and services delivery fast turn-around time on changes, competitive pricing and other features which are best achieved in complex environments by innovative organizational practices in the university library. The effective organization must be able to meet today's and tomorrow's challenges. Adaptability and responsiveness are essential to survive and thrive. The book in hand is a sum of total chapters from Ph. D. research work of "Organizational Development of Non-agricultural University Libraries in Maharashtra". It is hoped that this book shall be a good value addition to any library and information science professionals and shall give a thorough insight on the subject concerned.

This book is aimed to understand the dynamic inter-linkages between Indian stock exchange and the stock exchanges of developing and developed countries. If these markets are not integrated then benefits of portfolio diversification can be reaped by investors of these countries. Moreover, policy makers and regulators in these countries should not worry about any contagious effects. It includes the comparative analysis of the Indian Stock Market with other international counterparts in respect of market efficiency, return, volatility and co-integration before and after the financial crisis. This book will help to understand the functions of stock exchange and it will be helpful to the investors to know the linkages between the stock markets.

In this book the author attempted to find out the implementation of various schemes of Government for higher education and about the problems of higher education on various aspects: problems related to staff: teaching and non-teaching; problems related to administration of higher education; problems related to financing of higher education; problems related to the political condition of the state influencing higher education. The focus of this book has been also the problems of academic administration and general administration in relation to various aspects of management. The author feels that distinguishing the problems in educational administration from the problems in education as such and conducted the study, which can lead to better understanding of the field of educational administration including its function. The author took up this problem of higher education in Manipur to study organisational structure, progress of higher education, various schemes implemented by the government to improve the quality of higher education, various problems of higher education and its causes and measures to improve the quality of higher education. It is hoped that it would serve the need of students of education, researchers, teachers and educational administrators & planners working in similar and related area of education.

This book emphasises the role of HRD policies in development of organisational and individual goals. Human resources are now- a-days considered as assets in all organisations. In the service sector like banking, human resources play a predominant role in successful delivery of the service. In the banking industry, the only sector adopting socialist pattern of economy is co-operative sector. This sector is wide since it includes co-operative banks, co-operative societies, multi purpose organizations, etc. In the urban and semi urban areas, the poor and needy people are served by urban co-operative banks with financial assistance without much hindrance. The performance of the urban co-operative banks depends on their profitability. But the profitability of these banks depends on the employees working in the organization. The efficiency of employees is influenced by the HRD policies. The HRD policies of the urban co-operative banks are generally determined by the management. In this process, neither management nor government realized the vital role of employees in developing these banks. Several committees were appointed by Central as well as State Governments to look into the problems of co-operatives and to give recommendations. But no committee has been appointed to study the problems of employees working in co-operatives. Therefore, the present study is conducted empirically to examine the HRD policies and practices in these banks. This book contains the introduction of basic concepts about co-operative movement and human resource development, profile of the area of the study, profile of the banks selected for study, the profile of the respondents, the HRD policies adopted in the co-operative sector, analysis of the perceptions of the employees on HRD policies in urban co-operative banks. Accordingly, the whole research study is presented in easily understandable manner and with constructive criticism. Thus, the research will prove to be useful to the researchers, Government officials, co-operative leaders and a guideline to the urban co-operative banks while framing HRD policies and to increase the employee competence.

Biodiversity provides the basis for life on earth. It encompasses all species of animals, plants, micro- organisms, ecosystem and ecological processes of which they are a part. India has been blessed with a rich heritage of natural resources, mega biodiversity and accumulated knowledge about utilization of natural resources. Advancement in technology and blind race of industrialization and modernization has resulted in unlimited exploitation of natural resources pushing them to the wall. So, the biodiversity has to face so many challenges to sustain themselves. The situation is reaching a crisis stage. Therefore, biodiversity needs its sustainable use. The present book contains 31 chapters covering all related disciplines which includes Biodiversity, Biodiversity Conservation, Forests, Biodiversity Conservation in Ancient Indian Script, Population Growth and Environmental Stress, Urbanization Threat to Biodiversity, Towards Modern/ Smart Cities, Tourism and Biodiversity, Anthropological Threat to Ethno-Medico Botanical Wealth of India, Water in Past and Present Perspective, Future Status of Water, Water Pollution and Biotic Life, Aquaculture- Threat to Biodiversity, Technology and Environment, Energy and Environment, Hazardous Electronic Wastes: Impending Challenge, Electromagnetic Pollution, Climate Change: Human and Plant Diseases, Climate Change: Challenge for Biodiversity, Climate Change and Medicinal Plant Diversity, Climate Change and Agriculture, Threat to Future- The Environmental Crime, Traditional Knowledge in Biodiversity, An Agenda for Change, Women: Key to Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Biotechnology in Environmental Protection, Disaster Management, Environmental Management, Environmental Ethics- Our Present and Future Obligations, Sustainable Development- New Approaches and De-Extinction. This book will be of enormous interest and value to the students, teachers, scientists and professional as well as ecologists, conservationists and other people interested in biodiversity conservation.

This book has been prepared primarily as a text for raising of quality planting material of guava through vegetative propagation. Practices followed in the propagation of guava are presented in detail which clearly showed the effect of different propagation methods i.e. cutting, layering, patch budding and wedge grafting on different parameters of vegetative growth is also discussed in the book. It is hoped that scientific and technical information available in this book will be useful for orchardists, field functionaries and researchers for accomplishing the goal of enhanced quality fruit production and productivity.

Environment is everything that is around us. All living things live in this environment naturally. But, the condition of our environment is depleting regularly. In 21st century, nature/ environment has faced new kind of tragic problems like various types of pollutions, climate change, shrinking natural landscapes, fast vanishing flora and fauna and depleting natural resources, human population explosion and resultant increasing greed, competition, consumerism etc. All these problems have cropped up due to thoughtless exploitation of various natural resources by we people and also due to our egoistic attitude towards nature. These anthropological activities have led the condition to a crisis stage and progress of technology has changed our thinking and life style. Therefore, environment needs its sustainable use and management of natural resources. The various chapters of the book cover all related disciplines of environment and anthropological activities. These chapters include: our environment, population and environment, urbanization stress on environment, consumerism and environmental degradation, society, technology and environment, environment and sustainable tourism, global warming-a byproduct of globalization, climate change and environment, radiation pollution - threat to environment, polythene pollution, toxic tour in homes, foods polluted by chemicals cause havoc, natural resources in 21st century, anthropogenic impact on planet earth, water crisis, rain water management, religious belief and environment protection, women and environmental protection, environmental protection through education, environmental protection and the judiciary, marching towards sustainability, sustainable development- new approach, changing environment: adaptive strategies and technologies. The book will be immense use to the ecologists, conservationists, foresters, NGOs, students, teachers and researchers engaged in environment science.

Voluntary Agencies/NGOs are organizations by people which operate independently and also cooperate and collaborate with the government. They play a fundamental role in enhancing development in rural areas and initiate programs aimed at transforming the lives of people in rural areas from miserable to better condition, especially in the developing world. NGOs put a huge emphasis on self-sufficiency through empowering people and thus have space for public participation in their activities, making them effective towards achieving the desired results. This book mentions about few NGOs in Marathwada region viz; MSSM, Manavlok, Grasp, Abhinav Vikas Sanstha, Janarth, Nirman, Dilasa and IHMP which support different activities in the areas of watershed, women, agriculture, health, education, etc. MSSM, the NGO which was studied critically is an agency established by the initiative of Scotland missionaries and local social activists in Jalna and Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, which is also supported by various government agencies. Such an effort can prove noteworthy and exemplary for achieving targets of rural development in our country.

Farming system is the way of life for small and marginal farmers. Recently, the AICRP on Farming System Research at CCSHAU, Hisar, has developed various technologies on regional based cropping systems, integrated nutrient management, organic farming package, resource conservation technologies etc. Integrated farming system model developed under this project in one hectare area gives hope for realizing higher returns for farmers from a unit land. Family farming model of one hectare gives decent round the year income with more than 2 lacs as return over variable cost/annum. The on farm research in Sirsa district also intensified and regular scientist-farmer interaction, training and demonstrations were also organized. In the coming years, on farm research in farmer participatory IFS approach and capacity building of stake holders are to be given thrust. The book will be quiet helpful for policy makers, researchers, students and farming community to address the issues of farming system. The book has been written in a lucid language for easy understanding of the concept.

The book covers in detail the concept of Customer Lifetime Value through the review of the vast literature available on the topic. The importance of measuring CLV for enhancing the effectiveness of other marketing tools like market segmentation, customer satisfaction, loyalty and the concept of customer equity has been discussed in detail. Various metrics of calculating customer value are discussed and compared under both contractual as well as non-contractual situation so as to suggest the one which is most suitable. An insight is provided to the readers about the various challenges faced by an organisation in measuring the profitability of their customers. The book also discusses the importance of CLV in developing customer centric strategies and the implementation of CLV strategies in both B2B and B2C setting, thus enabling managers in bringing more accountability to huge marketing expenditure and also to make better business decisions. It is hoped that the book is quite useful for students, teachers and researchers of commerce and economics and people having concern for Customer Life Time Value.

This book gives an insight into the making of the United Nations Convention on Disability, the first binding international instrument of its kind on disability. In a lucid and simple style, the book provides an in depth understanding of the position of States giving emphasis on the role of India in the making of the convention and also the background of its evolution. A comprehensive coverage of four major issues on: Definition Education Work and Employment Health and Rehabilitation has also been included. Special attention has been given to assimilate the international scenario on disability with the recent national legislations in the area. The book will prove to be a useful guide for law students, civil society, the academic community at large and indeed to all those who have a humanitarian approach in upholding the interest of differently-abled community.

The book is a festschrift volume in honour of Dr. Stanley Madan Kumar as a tribute for a dedicated and accomplished professional in Library and Information Science specialized in agricultural librarianship. The book contains 25 chapters which cover new aspects in librarianship and some traditional features with latest developments in Library & Information Science which includes metaliteracy, six sigma in library services, unique identification system, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), social media, mobile learning, open educational resources and e-technology and some other chapters having traditional aspects with modern touch have also been included. The different perspectives provided in the book are relevant and need of the hour for the librarians, learners and scholars in LIS.

The present book entitled "Total Quality Management in Institutions of Higher Education" provide the status of total quality management parameters in existing higher education institutions and how to overcome problems faced by these institutions and achieve desired level of quality education. The focus of this book is an enhancing quality of higher education institutions with concrete suggestions. This book is highly useful for students, researchers and for those who are interested in quality management in institutions of higher education.

The book is designed to throw some new light on various aspects of production, marketing scenario and value chain of saffron spice. The book provides empirical information about economical analysis of saffron spice and is based on the secondary data as well as primary data and factual position prevailing in the farmers scholars, students and teachers and will also act as a ready reference for various policy planners of country. The book has considerable importance for the students of agri business management and scholars, who are interested in this area. The future strategies regarding the marketing of saffron spice has also been provided.

Today's financial services market demands innovative promotional strategies and tactics for a financial product to perform well. This book provides a hands on experience and learning on the subject of promotion and its effects on decision making of buyers of financial products. The present book describes the new promotional strategies for investment decisions in financial markets. This book is a valuable guide for understanding of the basic concept about the investment and financial markets. This book will be useful not only for the students of economics, commerce and management, but also for financial advisors, individual investors as well as common people having interest in financial markets.

Fisheries exports form a sizeable share for foreign exchange earning of the country. In order to improve the productivity, profitability and stability of seafood industry, there is need for the following revolutions, viz. Productivity revolution, Quality revolution, Value addition Revolution (ready to eat and ready to cook products etc) for both home and global trade. This book examines the growth and contribution of fish production and to analyse the exports of Marine Fish products in the economy of India and Kerala. This book also addresses the Quality Assurance Standards followed in various countries and its impact on Marine fish exports. This book reveals the impact of Anti-dumping laws under the WTO framework and its impact on Marine exports.

The publication "Inland Fish Diversity" reflects restructured information on freshwater fish diversity of Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and United Andhra Pradesh along with estuarine fish diversity of Tamil Nadu and Vembanad Lake of Kerala with a note on systematic placement as per the latest taxonomic revisions of fish species, together with their environment, endemic or exotic status, maximum size, human use (existence or nonexistence of fishery, aquaculture, ornamental or game fish) and conservation status as per IUCN criteria. It is anticipated that this publication will deliver basic information on the inland fish diversity of south India and offer better inputs for scientific management and utilization of the resources on sustainable manner.