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This book, a multi-authored volume comprising reviews written by leading scientists, discusses recent advances in the molecular electronics field. It emphasizes the need for studies beyond the low-bias regime, a fact on which the scientific community became aware in the last years. To make the book useful for scientists of various disciplines interested in "learning by doing," each chapter is written in a science/tutorial hybrid style, with its own introduction presenting fundamental concepts and frameworks. The content reflects the strong transdisciplinary efforts needed for substantial progress.

This book proposes a wide overview of the research and development of proton-conducting solid oxide materials. It is the first to approach the topic on proton-conducting ceramics and presents analysis studies from the fundamental to the most promising applied domains. It describes theoretical studies to enhance understanding of proton-transport mechanisms through materials and focuses on the main families of materials referred in the literature, highlighting their structure and their electrical and physicochemical properties.

The use of light for probing and imaging biomedical media is promising for the development of safe, noninvasive, and inexpensive clinical imaging modalities with diagnostic ability. The advent of ultrafast lasers has enabled applications of nonlinear optical processes, which allow deeper imaging in biological tissues with higher spatial resolution. This book provides an overview of emerging novel optical imaging techniques, Gaussian beam optics, light scattering, nonlinear optics, and nonlinear optical tomography of tissues and cells.

Moore''s Law predicts that the degree of microprocessor integration of circuits would double every 18 months in DRAM. Although the scaling of microelectronic circuit elements still follows Moore''s Law, the unit density of power consumption becomes unacceptable. Therefore, on one hand, people develop continuously the microelectronic technology. On the other, people consider the developing road after Moore''s rule is broken. This book introduces theories and experiments of quantum transport and intends to provide foundations of semiconductor micro- and nano electronics for after the Moore age.

The meteoric expansion of the solar (PV) industry resulted from an incredible reduction in the prices of PV systemsΓÇöfirst described in the authorΓÇÖs earlier book Sun above the Horizon. It began early in the new century and continued in the following decade with an extraordinary upswing. As a result, by the end of 2016, the worldwide PV operational power capacity grew to some 300 GW. Most of this increased capacity, 250 GW, was installed during the years 2010ΓÇô2016. Suddenly PV started to affect the traditional generation of electricity and helped reduce carbon emissions and other environmental impacts. This book describes how this happened. Three practically unlimited new PV marketsΓÇöresidential, commercial, and utility scaleΓÇömaterialized, along with the new PV-oriented financial systems needed to provide the required gargantuan-scale capital. This book also highlights the increasing demand for and the corresponding increased supply of PV cells and modules on four continents and the impact of this PV breakthrough on our lives and future. To present this unparalleled story of societal transformation, the author was helped by the contributions of top experts Wolfgang Palz, Michael Eckhart, Allan Hoffman, Paula Mints, Bill Rever, and John Wohlgemuth.

Photonics and electronics are endlessly converging into a single technology by exploiting the possibilities given by nanostructuring of materials and devices. It is expected that next-generation optoelectronics devices will show great improvements in terms of performance, flexibility, and energy consumption. Mastering such a complex topic requires a multidisciplinary approach and a solid knowledge of several topics. This book describes recent advances in nanophotonic and nanoelectronic systems while keeping an eye on real applications of such technologies.

This book focuses on the triboemission of low-energy electrons from the freshly generated surface. These electrons play the most crucial role in the chemical reactions at the tribological interface. New models and TIP (thermodymanics of irreversible processes) describe in detail the behavior of emitted electrons which lower the activation energy of the chemical reactions. This book also highlights tribocatalysis phenomena as examples of the lowering of the activation energy. A book titled Tribocatalysis has never been published before this.

This book serves as a comprehensive guide for scientists, engineers, and artists who would like to have a good grasp of the fundamentals and applications of columnar structures for their own professional interests.

This book presents state-of-the-art contributions related to advanced structural characterization techniques in the field of clean energy materials with particular emphasis on solid oxide fuel cells and hydrogen storage materials. It describes several diffraction and spectroscopic techniques for the investigation of both average and local structures with several examples of the most recent materials for clean energy applications. It is the first authoritative collection of contributions on the importance of the application of the most advanced structural techniques to shed light on the properties and mechanisms of materials currently investigated for the use in alternative energy devices. The book provides key techniques for ex situ and in situ investigation of clean energy materials and, hence, is an essential guide for researchers working on the structural analysis of advanced materials.

This book presents basic information about DNA, along with comprehensive theoretical introduction to DNA. It discusses recent developments in divalent-metal-ion inserted M-DNA complex, which gives rise to the possibility of DNA application to electronic functionality. Further, the book describes three examples of applications: optical and electrical materials, electronic devices such as bioTFT memory and color-tunable light-emitting diodes, and biofuel cell application with use of proton conduction in DNA.