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Understanding Enzymes: Function, Design, Engineering, and Analysis focuses on the understanding of enzyme function and optimization gained in the past decade, past enzyme function analysis, enzyme engineering, and growing insights from the simulation work and nanotechnology measurement of enzymes in action in vitro or in silico. The book also presents new insights into the mechanistic function and understanding of enzyme reactions, as well as touching upon structural characteristics, including X-ray and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural methods. A major focus of the book is enzyme moleculesΓÇÖ dependency on dynamic and biophysical environmental impacts on their function in ensembles as well as single molecules. A wide range of readers, including academics, professionals, PhD and masterΓÇÖs students, industry experts, and chemists, will immensely benefit from this exclusive book.

Nanoparticles may be used in industrial processes, incorporated into consumer products, or applied as biomedical agents. Isotopic (radio)labeling is one of the most powerful methods for nanoparticle tracing in experimental studies. This book presents an introduction to some commonly used nanomaterials, describes various methods with which they may be radiolabeled, and provides illustrative examples of applications of the labeled particles. Finally, it discusses the use of nanomaterials in radiotherapy, the stable isotope labeling technique, and operational health and safety aspects related to the manipulation of nanoparticles in controlled areas. The book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, molecular imaging, radiochemistry, and nanomedicine.　

This book is intended to be a complete and clear introduction to the field of crystallography. It includes an extensive discussion on the 14 Bravais lattices and the reciprocal to them, basic concepts of point- and space-group symmetry, the crystal structure of elements and binary compounds, and much more. The purpose of this textbook is to illustrate rather than describe "using many words" the structure of materials. Each chapter is accompanied by exercises designed in such a way to encourage students to explore the different crystal structures they are learning about. The solutions to exercises are provided at the end of the textbook.

This book was derived from a talk that the author gave at the International Conference on Advanced Nanodevices and Nanotechnology in Hawaii. The book is about science and engineering, but is not on science and engineering. It is not a textbook which develops the understanding of a small part of the field, but a book about random encounters and about the strengths and the foibles of living as a physicist and engineer for half a century. It presents the author¿s personal views on science, engineering, and life and is illustrated by a number of lively stories about various events, some of which shaped his life. Written in a style that is at once lucid and engaging, this is an outstanding work that weaves the many threads of science into a rich tapestry.

This book is designed to be a practical textbook that teaches how to assess the mechanical characteristics of living, individual cells by AFM. Following a step-by-step approach, it introduces the methodology of measurements in the case of both determination of elastic properties and quantification of adhesive properties.

This book is intended to serve as a reference for professionals in the medical device industry, in particular those seeking to learn from practical examples and case studies. Medical devices, like pharmaceuticals, are highly regulated and the bar is raised constantly as patients and consumers expect the best quality healthcare and safe and effective medical technologies. Most books on regulatory affairs present regulations in each jurisdiction separately: European Union, USA, Australia, Canada, and Japan. This book proposes practical solutions for a coherent, one-size-fits-all (or most) set of systems and processes in compliance with regulations in all key markets.

This book explores the development of biomass, the largest renewable energy source at present, to efficient applications in modern and developing society. Accessible to non-experts and detailed enough for experts, the book reveals the true challenges that lie ahead in this extremely broad area. It focuses on specific technologies, both biological and thermos-chemical, from the simple to the extremely complex, and provides clear, concise explanations that include future prospects. Written by experts, the book highlights the role of bio-energy in the future of renewable energy.

Edited by experts in the field, this book compiles, discusses, and presents cutting-edge research data and methodology in performing risk assessment of some major chemicals of concern in our environment. It also discusses the complexity of the scientific databases, the available and updated methodology, emerging issues, limitations in knowledge and methods, considerations of developmental and age sensitivities, use of defaults, case samples on results in risk assessment and risk management, and current and future perspectives.

By covering the science, business, and societal impact of nanomedicine, this book makes a strong case for funding of basic research, for effective translation of scientific breakthroughs into clinical care of patients and close collaboration among all stakeholders in the healthcare ecosystem. It covers the underlying science and technology of nanomedicine in detail to help understand the great promise of nanomedicine across all disease areas. It presents the topic of nanomedicine, although rich in content, to a wide audience by avoiding scientific jargon and by explaining all special terms and concepts from the ground up while introducing them.

This book is focused on the fabrication and applications of cantilever beams with nanoscale dimensions. The nanometer-size mechanical structures show exceptional properties generated by their reduced dimensions. These properties enable new sensing concepts and transduction mechanisms that will allow enhancing the performances of the actual devices to their fundamental limits. The book is important because no other books with similar topics focus only on nanocantilever beams. The aim of the book is to provide an excellent reference for an audience with a diversity of backgrounds and interests, including students, academic researchers, industry specialists, policymakers, and enthusiasts.

Offers a survey on the theoretical as well as experimental results on nanostructures in biological systems. This book also presents potential use of this knowledge in clinically relevant phenomena such as hemostasis, inflammation and spreading of cancer. It also describes some applications in nanotoxicology.

This book presents an overview of the current state of research in the field of nanotechnologies and biotechnologies for energy, environment, electronics, and health, as emerging from leading laboratories worldwide. It presents and describes in details the recent research results in the most advanced nanobiotechnology-based methods and their possible applications to energy, environment, electronics, and public health. The book focuses on an array of applications to highlight important aspects of this interdisciplinary approach, underpinning the present challenges and showing the future potential solutions.

Plasmonics is a highly dynamic field, and a number of researchers and scientists from other disciplines have become involved in it. This book presents the most widely employed approaches to plasmonics and the numerous applications associated with it. There are several underlying elements in plasmonics research. Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have made possible the fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures, deposition of thin films, and development of highly sensitive optical characterization techniques. The different approaches to nanostructuring metals have led to a wealth of interesting optical properties and functionality via manipulation of the plasmon modes that such structures support. The sensitivity of plasmonic structures to the changes in their local dielectric environment has led to the development of new sensing strategies and systems for chemical analysis and identification. The book discusses all of these aspects.

The objective of this book is to highlight recent advances and potential of aptamers in various disease conditions. . This book focuses on the applications of aptamers in targeted nanotherapy, detection, and in molecular imaging in various disease conditions such as cancer, neurological diseases and infectious diseases.

Photonics is a key technology of this century. The combination of photonics and Si technology is of great importance due to the potentiality of coupling electronics and optical functions on a single chip. This book describes different aspects of Silicon Nanophotonics, from fundamental issues to practical devices.

Nanomaterials: Science and Applications reports up-to-the-minute research on nanoparticles for drug delivery and applications in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, and MEMS for biosensors; melanin as a nano-based future material; nanostructured materials for solar cell applications; the world of quantum dots illustrated by CdSe; and gas transport and transport-based applications of electrospun nanofibers. The research is primarily undertaken within Australia and gives an excellent overview of topics in advanced nanomaterials and structures and their applications.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to organic and printed electronics, their fundamental aspects, core technologies, and applications, and it is the first book of its kind specifically designed to address students in their final undergraduate or beginning graduate studies, as well as engineers interested in approaching this field.

Gene–environment (G × E) interaction analysis is a statistical method for clarifying G × E interactions applicable to a phenotype or a disease that is the result of interactions between genes and the environment. This book is the first to deal with the theme of G × E interaction analysis. It compiles and details cutting-edge research in bioinformatics and computational biology and will appeal to anyone involved in bioinformatics and computational biology.

The textbook covers the background theory of various effects discussed from first principles, as clearly as possible, to introduce students to the main ideas of quantum physics and to teach the basic mathematical methods and techniques used in the fields of advanced quantum physics, atomic physics, laser physics, nanotechnology, quantum chemistry, and theoretical mathematics. Many of the predictions of quantum physics appear to be contrary to our intuitive perceptions, and the student will learn how it comes about that microscopic objects (particles) behave in unusual ways that are called quantum effects, what we mean by quantum, and where this idea came from. The textbook is supplemented with Problems and Solutions in Quantum Physics, which contains a wide range of tutorial problems from simple confidence builders to fairly challenging problems that provide adequate understanding of the basic concepts of quantum physics.

Readers studying the abstract field of quantum physics need to solve plenty of practical, especially quantitative, problems. This book contains tutorial problems with solutions for the textbook Quantum Physics for Beginners. It places emphasis on basic problems of quantum physics together with some instructive, simulating, and useful applications. A considerable range of complexity is presented by these problems, and not too many of them can be solved using formulas alone.

Graphene is the first two-dimensional material. Its remarkable physical properties have made it an important growth area in contemporary research and the basis for new nanoelectronic applications. This book focuses on the practical applications enabled by graphene¿s unique properties. It covers the mechanisms of electric and thermal transport in the gated graphene, interface phenomena, quantum dots, non-equilibrium states, scattering and dissipation, and coherent transport in graphene junctions. This book is targeted at a wide audience, including graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, and industrial engineers.