Bøker utgitt av Nova Science Publishers Inc

Parvovirus B19 is a childhood infectious disease of global proportions. It is the leading cause of erythema infectiousum, affecting mainly young age children. This new book outlines the recent advances in understanding Parvovirus infections in children particularly associated haematological consequences. Also, it describes the associated complications by in utero infection such as hydropes fetalis and acute leukaemia. It has emerged as an occupational viral infection both to health care workers and school workers. It carries the danger of serious infection of recipients of blood and blood products transfusion.

Osteoclasts are highly specialised cells, derived from the hematopoietic lineage, that resorb mineralised bone matrix. Osteoclast precursors can be recruited to the bone remodelling sites by specific cytokines in the microcellular environment, including some secreted by osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and osteocytes. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the morphology, functions and clinical implications of osteoclasts. Topics include osteoclast formation and function and its risk in skeletal bone disease; the high osteoclastogenic potential of human osteosarcoma cells; osteoclast biology regarding Paget''s disease and p62 mutations; the role of immuno-skeletal interface in the regulation of osteoclast formation; and osteoclasts in patients with neurofibromatosis 1.

In this book, the authors gather current research in the study of canine behaviour and diseases. Topics include galectin therapy in the treatment of canine mammary tumours; gene therapy for canine cancers; canine carcinogenesis as a valuable model for studying human cancers; parasitic zoonosis in dogs; dog bite injuries as a public health problem; and the genetics of dog behaviour.

The occurrence of hypoxia, or low dissolved oxygen, is increasing in coastal waters world-wide and represents a significant threat to the health and economy of our Nation''s coasts and Great Lakes. This trend is exemplified most dramatically off the coast of Louisiana and Texas, where the second largest eutrophication-related hypoxic zone in the world is associated with the nutrient pollutant load discharged by the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers. Aquatic organisms require adequate dissolved oxygen to survive. The term "dead zone" is often used in reference to the absence of life from habitats that are devoid of oxygen. The inability to escape low oxygen areas makes immobile species, such as oysters and mussels, particularly vulnerable to hypoxia. This book examines the progress in understanding the dynamics of hypoxia where it occurs; understanding monitoring nutrient fluxes in watersheds; and how to reduce nutrient transport across the landscape.

A broad range of medical care services and benefits are offered to veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces. This book examines a variety of medical conditions which afflict veterans, basic eligibility criteria for VA administered veterans'' benefits, types of medical care offered and social policy considerations. Topics include suicide and VA prevention efforts; PTSD and substance use among Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans; traumatic brain injury among veterans; veterans'' mental health; VA community living centres; outpatient clinics; and veterans'' medical care appropriations.

In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the indications, procedures and complications of hemodialysis. Topics discussed in this compilation include cardiovascular involvement in chronic kidney disease; nutritional therapy during hemodialysis; vascular access and common complications in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment; prevention of hemodialysis catheter-related infections; antiplatelet medication and the risk of bleeding in hemodialysis; and vascular calcifications in end stage renal disease.

Interferons are cytokines that are very important in regulating both innate and adaptive immune response. Of the two different types of interferons, Type I interferons are potent mediators of the innate immune response against viruses and cancer. Type II interferons, mainly IFN-y enhances T cell polarisation in the lymph nodes that result in their expansion. This book discusses the characterisation, mechanisms of action and clinical applications of interferons. Topics include interferon-gamma, oligodendrocyte injury and inflammatory demyelination; the role of IFN-y in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; interferons in multiple sclerosis; the effect of interferons on NK cell activity in HIV infection and tumour cell development; and understanding the mechanisms of interaction between serine proteases, serine protease receptors and interferons.

This book examines post-secondary education with a focus on student outcomes and undercover online experiences. Institutions of higher education, including for-profit, non-profit, and public schools, receive billions of dollars each year from the Department of Education to help students pay for school. Measuring the quality of educational programs (i.e., how much knowledge or skill students gain) is difficult. Because few direct measures are available, indirect outcome measures, such as graduation and student loan default rates, are often used. Although no single outcome can be used to fully measure something as complex as educational quality, looking at multiple outcome measures (eg: graduation rates, pass rates on licensing exams, employment outcomes, and student loan default rates) can shed light on the quality of education provided by schools.

This book provides an analyses of expenditures and income factors relating to school districts use of funds. Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) requires that schools receiving funds under Title I receive state- and locally-funded services that, taken as a whole, are at least comparable to the state- and locally-funded services provided to non-Title I schools. The purpose of this comparability requirement is to ensure that federal assistance is not compensating for an inequitable distribution of state and local funds that benefits more affluent schools. The Title I comparability requirement allows school districts to demonstrate compliance in a number of ways, including through a district-wide salary schedule, policies to ensure equivalence among schools in certain types of resources, student-instructional staff ratios, and other measures, and does not require districts to use school-level expenditures.

This book presents current research in the study of the ecology, economic uses and environmental impacts of algae. Topics include ultraviolet irradiation to control algal proliferation in the environment; alga Trachydiscus minutus as a new source of polyunsaturated fatty acids; systematics and taxonomic keys for the marine green algal family monostromataceae; the ecophysiology of soil algae; and an evaluation of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from red alga, Corallina elongata.

The role of mycorrhizal symbiosis has been usually related to its impact on the plant mineral nutrition and consequently on the development of the plant species. However, it has been demonstrated that this symbiotic process has a key role in ecosystem stability. Numerous recent studies have outlined the major role of mycorrhizal symbioses in ecosystem functioning and the necessity to manage this soil microbial component in order ensure the productivity of plant ecosystems and to maintain plant diversity. The main objectives of this book are to present recent results showing the expected benefits in managing the mycorrhizal symbiosis in order to ensure the conservation of endemic plant diversity and to rehabilitate degraded soils in Mediterranean areas.

Although Turkey still depends on the United States and other NATO allies for political and strategic support, growing economic diversification and military self-reliance allows Turkey to exercise greater leverage with the West. These trends have helped fuel continuing Turkish political transformation led in the past decade by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and the Justice and Development Party (AKP), which has Islamist roots. Future domestic political developments may determine how Turkey reconciles respect for democratic views that favour Turkish nationalism and traditional Sunni Muslim values with protection of individual freedoms, minority rights, rule of law, and the principle of secular governance. This book examines U.S. relations with Turkey, with a focus on domestic and foreign policy issues; the decline in Israel-Turkey relations; and ongoing change in the Middle East region.

In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the safety and social issues in the workplace. Topics discussed include the organisational factors influencing the return to work process for injured workers; bullying in the workplace and organisational safety; the evaluation of a drug-free workplace program; improving the ergonomics of the workplace to enhance productivity and safety; and building effective relationships in the workplace.

In this book, the authors discuss topical issues relating to veterans including transfusion therapy for veteran patients; low serum vitamin D and its association with metabolic syndrome in African American and Caucasian American male veterans; eye care issues in veterans; substandard and lack of affordable housing in the veteran population; the rehabilitation of shaken soldier syndrome; and genetic markers in suicidal and non-suicidal veterans with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder.

The Middle East is undergoing an era of revolutionary change that is challenging the foreign policies of the United States and virtually all regional states. One of the most important rivalries defining the strategic landscape of the Middle East is between Iran and Saudi Arabia. The competition between these two states is long-standing, but is especially important now. This book examines how the successor presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has damaged relations in the Saudi-Iranian relationship along with the Saudi-led intervention into Bahrain.

The main purpose of this book is to investigate, from the philosophical point of view, the concept of mind in some quickly developing fields of contemporary science, from physics and cosmology to biology and cognitive science. New scientific investigations have brought many empirical results that help to explain natural phenomena from quantum states to human thinking, yet the question of the nature of the mind itself is still open. In this book, the authors discuss several philosophical problems raised or reformulated by recent scientific discoveries. The authors use an interdisciplinary and holistic approach that bridges the gap between scientific and humanistic pictures of the mind.

Ethno-medicines have gained new dimensions in the present days through phyto-chemical research in India and abroad. Information on medicinal plants and folk drugs recorded during fieldwork is now being subjected to investigation in the search for new biodynamic compounds of therapeutic value. The curative properties of plants acquired by trial and error over centuries in "Human Laboratories" of tribals hold high esteem all over the globe. The present study is based on this rationale and provides first-hand information on some 1120 contemporary ethno-pharmacological prescriptions involving 444 taxa of medicinal plants collected and identified from certain rich tribal inhabited forest zones of the country between 1971-1997.

This book provides a forum for discussion of topics that are relevant to the field of sport psychology. The subjects covered will include theory, research, and practice of sport psychology, as well as social issues related to the field of athletics. Topics discussed include a primer on the development of SEP in North American versus Europe; comparing the effects of different self-instructions on thought and content and tennis performance; technical fouls predict performance outcomes in the NBA; sports-related pain; moderators of the links between shyness and gold performance; and the athlete life quality scale.

It has been almost 150 years since Dr Langdon Down first brought to our attention people with Down syndrome. Life expectancy, level of intellectual functioning, physical health, psychological health, social functioning, and integration into society are all issues that have markedly changed since 1866. The matter of ageing in people with Down syndrome has consistently remained an area of intense interest. This book documents the most important published literature on the issue of dementia and Down syndrome published since Dr Langdon Down''s momentous paper. Further, a number of publications from the general population which have had significant impact in the field of dementia and Down syndrome, and a number of papers in young adults and children with Down syndrome that have important implications for the ageing population have been included.

Young people are regarded as future assets of the society. Hence, adolescent prevention programs are commonly developed to tackle adolescent risk behaviour and positive youth development programs are designed to promote holistic development in adolescents. However, a survey of the literature shows that research on adolescents is mainly confined to the Western societies. For Chinese psychologists, paediatricians, psychiatrists, and allied human service workers, knowledge about adolescent development is largely developed in the Western culture. To what extent is Western knowledge on adolescent development applicable to Chinese young people? Are Chinese adolescent risk behaviours similar to those in Western societies? To what extent are intervention programs, such as adolescent prevention programs, applicable to Chinese people? These are important questions to be addressed by human service professionals working with Chinese adolescents and their families.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) presents a blockage of the pulmonary artery (PA) by material (ie: thrombus, air, fat, amniotic fluid, tumour, or foreign body) that originated elsewhere. PE may range from small emboli discovered incidentally to massive emboli causing immediate hemodynamic instability. In this book, the authors discuss the causes, symptoms and treatment for pulmonary embolism. Topics include parenteral anticoagulant therapy; incidence and predictors in acute intraoperative pulmonary thromboembolism; surgical management of PE; technical and clinical aspects of MRI for pulmonary embolism; and radiological imaging with cement as a causative factor in PE.

This book stems from the "Textbook of Perinatal Epidemiology" and was conceived to satisfy the rising need for epidemiology-oriented clinicians. This book discusses methodological issues in perinatal epidemiology in a straightforward accessible manner. It gives a clear and comprehensive set of tools for practical research, and understanding perinatal epidemiology. This is an essential manual for the clinician for research in Obstetrics/Gynaecology. This book focuses on definitions, measures of disease frequency, prevalence and incidence of disease, sensitivity and specificity of studies, including examples from the perinatal world. It also discusses study design: observational or experimental, case controlled, randomised etc.,

We approach the topic of financial and macroeconomic dynamics in Central and Eastern European economies using as an econometric paradigm the Bayesian methodology. This book consists of a selection of essays on relevant topics for current and future issues for Central and Eastern European economies.

Although coffee has been one of the World''s most popular drinks for many years, there has been much conflicting evidence in the media about the links between its consumption and the health of consumers. As a consequence there is considerable public confusion as to whether consumption of this beverage is beneficial or detrimental to health. Thus, the principal objective of this book is to provide an up-to-date assessment of the links between coffee consumption and health with an emphasis on the results of scientific investigations performed during the past 20 years.