Bøker utgitt av National Academies Press

Presents an overview of geography's renewed importance. This book illustrates geography's impact on international trade, environmental change, population growth, information infrastructure, the condition of cities, the spread of AIDS, and more. It also provides a blueprint for the future of the discipline.

Divided into two parts, Part I of this book explores relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors, and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother. Part II addresses vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy.

It sounds simple: Women who drink while pregnant may give birth to children with defects, so women should not drink during pregnancy. This volume discusses fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other possibly alcohol-related effects from two perspectives: diagnosis and surveillance, and prevention and treatment.

To help assess priorities for health policy, the Committee on Population organized two workshops. This volume consists of selected papers presented at the workshops. They assess the reliability of data on mortality, morbidity, and disability, and analyze regional patterns and trends in mortality rates and causes of death.

Identifies criteria for the USNRC's (US Nuclear Regulatory Commission) review and acceptance of digital applications in nuclear power plants. This book focuses on different areas: software quality assurance, common-mode software failure potential, systems aspects of digital instrumentation and control technology, and more.

Addressing the design and delivery of reproductive health services, this volume presents lessons learned from past programs and offers principles for deciding how to spend limited available funds. It is of special interest to policymakers, health care professionals, and researchers working on reproductive issues in the developing world.

Offers an assessment of managed care for behavioral health and a framework for purchasing, delivering, and ensuring the quality of behavioral health care. This book presents objective analysis of the powerful multimillion-dollar accreditation industry and the key accrediting organizations.

Contains the results of an epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. The topics in this book include: a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS; and more.

Discusses the state of the nation's blood supply. This book covers such topics as studies of blood availability, ways of enhancing blood collection and distribution, frozen red cell technology, logistical concerns in prepositioning frozen blood, extended liquid storage of red cells, and blood substitutes.

Brings together in one volume what researchers have learned about workers, employers, and retirees that is important for formulating retirement income policies. This volume covers such behaviors as workers' decisions to retire, people's choices of saving over consumption, and employers' decisions about hiring older workers and more.

Examines the introduction of nonindigenous species through ballast water discharge. This book addresses the constraints inherent in ballast water management, notably shipboard ballast treatment and monitoring. Also, it outlines efforts to set an acceptable level of risk for species introduction using the techniques of risk analysis.

Offers an examination of drug abuse issues in the United States, describing findings and outlining research needs in the areas of behavioral and neurobiological foundations of drug abuse. This book covers the epidemiology and etiology of drug abuse and discusses several of its most troubling health and social consequences.

What impact does teaching style have? How do I plan a course curriculum? This handbook provides productive approaches to these and several other questions. It provides undergraduate science educators with a path to understanding students, accommodating their individual differences, and helping them grasp the methods - and the wonder - of science.

Reviewing the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments, this work states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients.

Explores the complexity of violent behavior in our society and puts forth a framework for analyzing risk factors for violent events. This book explores such diverse but related topics as crime statistics; biological influences on violent behavior; the prison population explosion; and developmental and public health perspectives on violence.

Explores limnology's place in the university structure and the need for curriculum reform, with suggestions for curricula and field research at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral levels. This volume examines career opportunities for limnologists and recommends strategies for integrating limnology into water resource decision management.

Assesses the effects of electric and magnetic fields on human health. This book examines what is known about three kinds of health effects associated with EMF: cancer, primarily childhood leukemia; reproduction and development; and neurobiological effects. It provides a discussion on hazard identification, and dose-response assessment.

Assesses whether the technology development, test and analysis programs in propulsion and materials-related technologies are properly constituted to provide the information required to support a December 1996 decision to build the X-33, a technology demonstrator vehicle.

In 1956 and 1957, the US Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. This book evaluates the research, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research.

Makes recommendations for improving primary care, building its organization, financing, infrastructure, and knowledge base, as well as developing a way of thinking and acting for primary care clinicians. This volume also discusses the needs of special populations, the role of the capitation method of payment, and more.

Reviews approaches to organizational change - total quality management, reengineering, and downsizing - in terms of how they affect organizations and people, how performance improvements can be measured, and what questions remain to be answered by researchers.

Offers guidance to students on planning careers. This booklet is designed for graduate science and engineering students currently in or soon to graduate from a university, as well as undergraduates in their third or fourth year of study who are deciding whether or not to pursue graduate education.

Documents the key research challenges in the mathematical sciences and physics that enables the economical development of novel biomedical imaging devices. This book introduces the frontiers of biomedical imaging, especially the imaging of dynamic physiological functions, to the educated nonspecialist.