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Focuses on data and information system issues at the federal, state, and local levels. This book includes recommendations that address: policy framework for selecting performance measures and using performance measurement; operational principles related to data and data systems that support performance measurement; and more.

Non-heart-beating donors could potentially be of importance in reducing the gap between the demand for and available supply of organs for transplantation. This book examines transplantation supply and demand, historical and modern conceptions of non-heart-beating donors, and organ procurement organizations and transplant program policies.

Discusses opportunities for enhancement of water supplies and avoidance of over exploitation of water resources in the Middle East. Based on the concept that ecosystem goods and services are essential to maintaining water quality and quantity, this book emphasizes conservation, improved use of technologies, and water management approaches.

Looks at what is known about work done by children and adolescents and the effects of that work on their physical and emotional health and social functioning. This book provides historical perspective on working children and adolescents in America, and explores the framework of child labor laws that govern that work.

Providing nutrient guidelines, this book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, the best method to determine its requirements, which factors may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. It presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, and more.

Providing nutrient guidelines, this title presents the nutrient functions in the human body, the best method to determine its requirements, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. It examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

Focusing on four classes of drugs with the social and economic impact, this book examines what is known about addiction and what is needed to develop a talented cadre of investigators and to educate the public about addiction research. It makes recommendations to educators, treatment professionals, and others.

Describes the development of ocean sciences, highlighting the contributions of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to the field's progress. This book also examines the institutional structures and technology that made the advances possible. It documents the history of NSF's Division of Ocean Sciences.

Presents a preliminary assessment of what is known about the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and what may cause them. This book includes papers and a workshop summary of findings from orthopedic surgery, public health, occupational medicine, epidemiology, risk analysis, ergonomics, and human factors.

Describes the state to which US and Russian nuclear forces and policies. This book evaluates constraints for US nuclear weapons policy that includes reductions in nuclear forces, changes in nuclear operations to preserve deterrence but enhance operational safety, and measures to prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons.

Offers helpful advice on how teachers, administrators, and career advisers in science and engineering can become better mentors to their students. This guide covers topics on career planning, time management, writing development, and responsible scientific conduct. It also includes a list of bibliographical and Internet resources on mentoring.

Examines what immigrants gain by coming to the United States and what they contribute to the country, the skills of immigrants and those of native-born Americans, and the experiences of immigrant women. This book includes information on topics such as immigration policies and practices, and data on where immigrants come from and what they do.

Traditionally, vocational mathematics and precollege mathematics have been separate in schools. This book addresses how to make mathematical education of students meaningful - how to meet the practical needs of students entering the work force after high school as well as the needs of students going on to postsecondary education.

Provides suggestions for breeding, keeping, and identifying pathogen-free laboratory rodents. This book summarizes methods for eliminating infectious agents, describes the diagnosis and control of each infectious agent, and tables covering the diseases listed in the volume helps in the diagnosis of infected animals.

Evaluates the extent to which state efforts have been effective in reducing the perinatal transmission of HIV. This book is of interest to federal, state, and local health policymakers, prenatal care providers, maternal and child health specialists, public health practitioners, and advocates for HIV/AIDS patients.

States that everyone is in favor of 'high education standards' and 'fair testing' of student achievement, but there is little agreement as to what these terms actually mean. This book looks at how testing affects critical decisions for American students.

Presents a picture of the diversity of state testing programs. This book also looks at the characteristics of the National Assessment of Educational Progress. It provides an answer to the question posed by Congress in Public Law 105-78, suggests criteria for evaluating the quality of linkages, and more.

Examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. This work contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, and theoretical computer science.

Information technology is a powerful tool for meeting environmental objectives and promoting sustainable development. This title explores how information technology can improve environmental performance by individual firms, collaborations among firms, and collaborations among firms, government agencies, and academia.

Assesses the evidence, and possible mechanisms, for the associations between women's education, fertility preferences, and fertility in developing countries, and how these associations vary across regions. This book discusses the implications of these associations for policies in the population, health, and education sectors.

The federal government has invested in facilities worldwide to support the provision of government services. This book identifies factors contributing to this deterioration and recommends a framework of strategies to foster acccountability for the stewardship of federal facilities and to allocate resources for their maintenance and repair.

Describes an approach for identifying technology development needs that is both systematic and transparent to enhance the cleanup and remediation of the tank contents and their sites.

Provides an evaluation of the soundness of the methodology used by the NCI study to estimate: past radiation doses; possible health consequences of exposure to iodine-131; implications for clinical practice; and possible public health strategies - such as systematic screening for thyroid cancer - to respond to the exposures.

Recommends that NIH seek broader public input on decisions about how to spend its nearly $14 billion budget. This book also urges the agency to create new Offices of Public Liaison in the Office of the Director and in each of the 21 research institutes to allow interested people to formally take part in the process.

In response to the rising concern of the American public over illegal bombings, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms asked the National Research Council to examine mechanisms for reducing this threat. The committee examined four approaches to reducing the bombing threat. This book makes recommendations to reduce criminal bombings.