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Reviews special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. This volume describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis.

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) has been the principal legal barrier to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons for the past forty-five years. However, many people are concerned about the continued viability of the NPT. This manuscript explores its viability and offers some possible solutions to ensure that the NPT will survive effectively for many years to come.

This book begins with an examination of the numbers of women in physics in English-speaking countries, before moving on to examine factors that affect girls and their decision to continue in science, right through to education and on into the problems that women in physics careers face.

This book is based on a commitment to teaching science to everybody. What may work for training professional scientists does not work for general science education. Students bring to the classrooms preconceived attitudes, as well as the emotional baggage called "e;"e;science anxiety."e;"e; Students may regard science as cold, unfriendly, and even inherently hostile and biased against women. This book has been designed to deal with each of these issues and results from research in both Denmark and the United States. The first chapter discusses student attitudes towards science and the second discusses science anxiety. The connection between the two is discussed before the introduction of constructivism as a pedagogy that can aid science learning if it also addresses attitudes and anxieties. Much of the book elucidates what the authors have learned as science teachers and science education researchers. They studied various groups including university students majoring in the sciences, mathematics, humanities, social sciences, business, nursing, and eduction; high school students; teachers' seminary students; science teachers at all levels from middle school through college; and science administrators. The insights of these groups constitute the most important feature of the book, and by sharing them, the authors hope to help their fellow science teachers to understand student attitudes about science, to recognize the connections between these and science anxiety, and to see how a pedagogy that takes these into account can improve science learning.

Offers a presentation of a minimal set of von Neumann postulates while introducing language and notation to facilitate subsequent discussion of quantum calculations based in finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. The chapters that follow address two-state quantum systems, entanglement of multiple two-state systems, quantum angular momentum theory and quantum approaches to statistical mechanics.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Variability in pathogenesis and complex pathophysiology often delay diagnosis and create significant challenges for clinical studies in this group of critically ill patients. This book provides an overview about the state of the art of sepsis diagnostics and potential future therapies.

Is Internet software so different from "ordinary" software? This book practically answers this question through the presentation of a software design method based on the State Chart XML W3C standard along with Java. Web enterprise, Internet-of-Things, and Android applications, in particular, are seamlessly specified and implemented from "executable models".

Explores the physics and technology inherent to preserving and restoring old forms of transport as well as creating modern transport for today and for future needs. This book provides readers with insight into some of the diverse applications for physics outside of research laboratories.

The experimental observation and measurement of ultrashort pulses in waveguides is a hard job and this is the reason and stimulus to create mathematical models for computer simulations, as well as reliable algorithms for treating the governing equations.

Provides a general introduction to nanogels, and designs of various stimuli-sensitive nanogels that are able to control drug release in response to specific stimuli. Nanogels are three-dimensional nanosized networks that formed by physically or chemically crosslinking polymers.

Provides the first authoritative resource on what has become the dominant paradigm for new computer interfaces-user input involving new media (speech, multi-touch, hand and body gestures, facial expressions, writing) embedded in multimodal-multisensor interfaces.

A milestone in the history of physics textbooks and the instruction of women in the sciences. This book also covers the views of its author on epistemology, religion, and innovations in scientific equipment, including telescopes and microscopes.

All living matter is comprised of cells, small compartments isolated from the environment by a cell membrane and filled with concentrated solutions of various organic and inorganic compounds. This book examines the basic physical phenomena occurring in cells.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a possible new modality for cancer treatment. This book provides a comprehensive introduction into fundamentals of the CAP and plasma devices used in plasma medicine.

Engineering the Earth's solar input appears increasingly attractive and practical as a means to lower Earth's temperature, and thus, to lower sea level. The cost of engineering the climate appears small, comparable, even, to the already-incurred costs of sea level rise represented by civil engineering projects in London, Venice and New York City.

B Factories are particle colliders at which specific subatomic particles - B mesons - are produced abundantly. This book studies the properties of their decays in detail in order to shed light on a mystery of eminently larger scale: why do we live in a universe composed of anti-matter?

Uses art photography as a point of departure for learning about physics, while also using physics as a point of departure for asking fundamental questions about the nature of photography as an art. Although not a how-to manual, the topics centre around hands-on applications, illustrated by photographic processes easily accessible to students.

Uses art photography as a point of departure for learning about physics, while also using physics as a point of departure for asking fundamental questions about the nature of photography as an art. The topics centre around hands-on applications, most-often illustrated by photographic processes that are inexpensive and easily accessible to students.

Provides a concise introduction to both the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity. The format is chosen to provide the basis for a single semester course which can take the students all the way from the foundations of special relativity to the core results of general relativity.

Introduces methods of THz generation and nonlinear THz spectroscopy in a tutorial way, discusses the relevant theoretical concepts, and presents prototypical, experimental, and theoretical results in condensed matter physics. The potential of nonlinear THz spectroscopy is illustrated by recent research, including an overview of relevant literature.

Describes the ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory for magnetically conned fusion plasmas. Advanced topics are presented in attempting to fill the gap between the up-to-date research developments and plasma physics textbooks.

Provides the first authoritative resource on what has become the dominant paradigm for new computer interfaces: user input involving new media (speech, multi-touch, hand and body gestures, facial expressions, writing) embedded in multimodal-multisensor interfaces that often include biosignals.

Begins with the history and fundamentals of optical fiber communications. The book then introduces existing optical multiplexing techniques and finally focuses on spatial domain multiplexing (SDM), aka space division multiplexing, and orbital angular momentum of photon based multiplexing.

Demonstrates Microsoft EXCEL-based Fourier transform of selected physics examples. Spectral density of the auto-regression process is also described in relation to Fourier transform. Readers can also acquire and analyze their own data following the step-by-step procedure explained in the book.

Domain theory, a subject that arose as a response to natural concerns in the semantics of computation, studies ordered sets which possess an unusual amount of mathematical structure. This book explores its connection with quantum information science and the concept that relates them: disorder.

Discusses a new error concept dispensing with the common practice to randomize unknown systematic errors. Instead, unknown systematic errors are treated as what they physically are - namely as constants being unknown with respect to magnitude and sign.

Computers play an important role in the analyzing and designing of modern DC-DC power converters. This book shows how the widely used analysis techniques of averaging and linearization can be applied to DC-DC converters with the aid of computers. Obtained dynamical equations may then be used for control design.

Contains an extensive illustration of use of the finite difference method in solving the boundary value problem numerically. A wide class of differential equations are numerically solved in this book. Starting with differential equations of elementary functions like hyperbolic, sine and cosine, the book solves special functions such as Hermite.

While every galaxy in the Universe is interesting just by its very fact of being, the author of this book has selected 60 that possess some unusual qualities that make them of particular interest. These galaxies have complex evolutionary histories, with some having supermassive black holes at their core, while others are powerful radio sources.