Bøker utgitt av International Monetary Fund (IMF)

After strong growth in 2017 and early 2018, global economic activity slowed notably in the second half of 2018, reflecting a confluence of factors affecting major economies. Conditions have eased in 2019 as the US Federal Reserve signalled a more accommodative monetary policy stance and markets became more optimistic.

CCA countries achieved gains in inclusiveness over the past 20 years as incomes increased and poverty, inequality, and unemployment declined.

The paper provides an overall view of communications across various areas of economic policy, aiming to help country authorities as they increasingly use communications as a policy tool in its own right.

Provides policymakers in the Caribbean with a governance framework for improving infrastructure through Public-Private Partnerships, while limiting their fiscal costs and risks for the government, and showcases Canada's support to FAD technical assistance in the region and FAD collaboration with CARTAC and the Caribbean Development Bank

Looks at feasible concrete action that can be taken by correspondent and respondent banks, money transfer operators, the Pacific authorities, the Australian and New Zealand authorities, and international organisations.

The economic recovery in sub-Saharan Africa is expected to continue, but at a slower pace than envisaged in October 2018. This weaker outlook reflects domestic and external challenges. Under current policies, medium-term average growth for the region is expected to continue to fall.

The economic recovery in sub-Saharan Africa is expected to continue, but at a slower pace than envisaged in October 2018. This weaker outlook reflects domestic and external challenges. Under current policies, medium-term average growth for the region is expected to continue to fall.

The importance of financial inclusion is increasingly recognized by policymakers around the world. In the Middle East and Central Asia (MENAP and CCA) regions, small and medium-sized enterprises represent an important share of firms, but the regions lag most others in terms of SME access to financing.

The importance of financial inclusion is increasingly recognized by policymakers around the world. In the Middle East and Central Asia (MENAP and CCA) regions, small and medium-sized enterprises represent an important share of firms, but the regions lag most others in terms of SME access to financing.

The importance of financial inclusion is increasingly recognized by policymakers around the world. In the Middle East and Central Asia (MENAP and CCA) regions, small and medium-sized enterprises represent an important share of firms, but the regions lag most others in terms of SME access to financing.

Draws on information available to the IMF from a number of sources, including that provided in the course of official staff visits to member countries, and has been prepared in close consultation with national authorities.

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region.

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region.

FinTech is a major force shaping the structure of the financial industry in sub-Saharan Africa. FinTech is emerging as a technological enabler in the region, improving financial inclusion and serving as a catalyst for the emergence of innovations in other sectors, such as agriculture and infrastructure.

The 2007-09 international financial crisis underscored the importance of reliable statistics on the general government and public sectors. This manual represents a major step forward in clarifying the standards for compiling and presenting fiscal statistics and strengthens the worldwide effort to improve public sector reporting and transparency.

The 2007-09 international financial crisis underscored the importance of reliable statistics on the general government and public sectors. This manual represents a major step forward in clarifying the standards for compiling and presenting fiscal statistics and strengthens the worldwide effort to improve public sector reporting and transparency.

Global growth for 2018-19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded.

Global growth for 2018-19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded.

The macroeconomic outlook for sub-Saharan Africa continues to strengthen with higher growth, easing inflation, and stabilizing public debt ratios with some countries improving their fiscal balances. But there are concerns on the quality of the fiscal adjustment and underlying vulnerabilities have yet to be decisively addressed.

Economic transformation and diversification require solutions that take account of the political economy of reform. This book explores the process of economic transformation, using Senegal as an example.

The structure of debt can have financial and real consequences. The aim of this paper is to examine the evolution and determinants of debt maturity and to characterize differences across countries.

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. The share of intraregional trade is less than 5% of their total trade, substantially lower than in all other regional trading blocs around the world.

Presents a basic model of performance-based budgeting. The book describes the characteristics of the model and explains how low-income countries should approach performance-based budgeting. It emphasises necessary preconditions for any move to performance-based budgeting.

Global growth for 2018-19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded.

The macroeconomic outlook for sub-Saharan Africa continues to strengthen. Growth is expected to increase from 2.7% in 2017 to 3.1% in 2018, reflecting domestic policy adjustments and a supportive external environment, including continued steady growth in the global economy, higher commodity prices, and accommodative external financing conditions.

This update finds that IMF governance has proven its effectiveness in supporting the Fund to fulfill its mandates, but concerns remain on voice and accountability. Challenges remain related to representation and voice, interaction between governance bodies, the selection process for management, and the role of the G20 in IMF governance.

Brings together a set of IMF papers that prepared as backgrounds for the various sessions of the conference and will help put into broader dissemination channels the results of this important conference.

Brings together a set of IMF papers that prepared as backgrounds for the various sessions of the conference and will help put into broader dissemination channels the results of this important conference.

The upswing in global investment and trade continued in the second half of 2017. At 3.8 percent, global growth in 2017 was the fastest since 2011. With financial conditions still supportive, global growth is expected to tick up to a 3.9 percent rate in both 2018 and 2019.