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Divided into 5 sections starting with an historic perspective and fundamental aspects on the synthesis and recognition by imprinted polymers. This work also contains eight overview chapters on approaches to molecular and ion imprinting. It is followed by two chapters on material morphologies.

The 22nd International Free Electron Laser Conference and 7th FEL User Workshop were held August 13-18, 2000 at Washington Duke Inn and Golf Club in Durham, North Carolina, USA. Scientists from 15 countries gave 70 talks, presented 176 posters and submitted 146 papers, which are published in this volume of proceedings.

Medical electronics and the instrumentation used in physiological measurement now provide enhanced capability for applications, especially in the areas of data recording and analysis, and imaging technology. This book provides an introduction to this field for undergraduate and MSc courses.

Collected here are a set of projects from "Electronics", the Maplin magazine, based on music applications. Components are widely available and the circuits form the basis for further experiments. Circuit diagrams are provided, as are photographs of the main circuits. Parts lists are also given.

This book is aimed at engineers who require a better understanding of CD technology, for fault diagnosis, adjustment and repair. It covers the mechanical design and the integrated circuits within a CD player, and is written for immediate application.

Examines the theory, and sample application methods for natural resource and energy economics. This title deals with the economics of environmental and renewable resources. It analyzes the economics of energy and minerals and includes chapters on the economics of environmental policy.

Part of a series of volumes, this work aims to cover all the major aspects of numerical analysis. It covers the basic methods of analysis under headings including finite difference methods, finite element methods, techniques of scientific computing, and numerical methods for fluids.

Provides an overview and insight in the way numerical methods are being used to solve a variety of problems in the electronics industry. This work provides the results which have been obtained in the electronics industry. It also presents a survey of numerical methods used in the electronic industry.

These volumes cover all the major aspects of numerical analysis. This particular volume discusses the solution of equations in Rn, Gaussian elimination, techniques of scientific computer, the analysis of multigrid methods, wavelet methods, and finite volume methods.

This book provides vehicle repair and maintenance trainees with sufficient information to carry out safely a range of basic servicing checks and replacements, such as they will be asked to carry out in a general motor workshop. It assumes no previous knowledge of electrical theory.

Covering the recent development in enzymatic organic synthesis, this text focuses on the use of isolated enzymes. It includes a discussion of the the characteristics of enzymes as catalysts and different types of chemical transformations.

Climate Change Impacts on Soil Processes and Ecosystem Properties, Volume 35, presents current and emerging soil science research in the areas of soil processes and climate change, while also evaluating future research needs. The book combines the five areas of soil science (microbiology, physics, fertility, pedology and chemistry) to give a comprehensive assessment. This integration of topics is rarely done in a single publication due to the disciplinary nature of the soil science areas. Users will find it to be a comprehensive resource on the topic. Provides an analysis of all areas of soil science in the context of climate change impact on soil processes and ecosystem propertiesPresents information that is displayed in an accessible form for practitioners and disciplines outside of soil scienceContains a concluding section in each chapter which assesses key areasIncludes a discussion on future research directions

Progress in Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 56, provides a review of eclectic developments in medicinal chemistry. This volume includes chapters covering recent advances in cancer therapeutics, fluorine in medicinal chemistry, a perspective on the next generation of antibacterial agents derived by manipulation of natural products, a potential new era for Chagas Disease drug discovery, and imaging in drug development.Extended, timely reviews of topics in medicinal chemistryContains targets and technologies relevant to the discovery of tomorrow''s drugsPresents analyses of successful drug discovery programs

Characterization and Analysis of Microplastics, Volume 75, aims to fulfill the gap on the existence of published analytical methodologies for the identification and quantification of microplastics. This overview includes the following main topics: introduction to the fate and behavior of microplastics in the environment, assessment of sampling techniques and sample handling, morphological, physical, and chemical characterization of microplastics, and the role of laboratory experiments in the validation of field data. The characterization and analysis of microplastics is a hot topic considering the current need for reliable data on concentrations of microplastics in environmental compartments. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the analytical techniques and future perspectives of analytical methodologies in the field.Concise, comprehensive coverage of analytical techniques and applicationsClear diagrams adequately support important topicsIncludes real examples that illustrate applications of the analytical techniques on the sampling, characterization, and analysis of microplastics

Well Test Analysis for Multilayered Reservoirs with Formation Crossflow introduces the fundamentals of well test analysis of a multilayered reservoir with formation crossflow. The effects of reservoir parameters on wellbore pressure and flow rate are examined, as is a proper method that has been established to analyze well test data that leads to better determinations on the reservoir parameters for each layer of the reservoir. Focusing on multilayer models for data analysis, this reference explains the reasons for the existence of single-phase crossflow in multilayer reservoirs, exploring methods to establish them and presenting practical applications to utilize and implement for today''s more complex reservoirs. Aiding in better well testing operations and models, this book is a one-stop solution for today''s reservoir and production engineer, helping them understand every layer of their reservoir.Includes real-world examples of well testing through multilayered reservoirs, whether with crossflow or with formation crossflow Provides strong guidance and criteria of research on reservoir dynamic performance, such as physical models and mathematical modelsIncludes a new unsteady crossflow model for vertical interference testing in low-permeability zonesDescribes interpretation methods for different cases in multilayer reservoirs, including a new model called semipermeable walls for stratified reservoirs, drawdown test procedures and layer-by-layer test procedures that are useful for shales between layers

Performance Management for the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries: A Systems Approach is a practical guide on the business cycle and techniques to undertake step, episodic, and breakthrough improvement in performance to optimize operating costs. Like many industries, the oil, gas, and process industries are coming under increasing pressure to cut costs due to ongoing construction of larger, more integrated units, as well as the application of increasingly stringent environmental policies. Focusing on the ''value adder'' or ''revenue generator'' core system and the company direction statement, this book describes a systems approach which assures significant sustainable improvements in the business and operational performance specific to the oil, gas, and process industries. The book will enable the reader to: utilize best practice principles of good governance for long term performance enhancement; identify the most significant performance indicators for overall business improvement; apply strategies to ensure that targets are met in agreed upon time frames.Describes a systems approach which assures significant sustainable improvements in the business and operational performance specific to the oil, gas, and process industriesHelps readers set appropriate and realistic short-term/ long-term targets with a pre-built facility health checkerElucidates the relationship between PSM, OHS, and Asset Integrity with an increased emphasis on behavior-based safetyDiscusses specific oil and gas industry issues and examples such as refinery and gas plant performance initiatives and hydrocarbon accounting

Defect Structure and Properties of Nanomaterials: Second and Extended Edition covers a wide range of nanomaterials including metals, alloys, ceramics, diamond, carbon nanotubes, and their composites. This new edition is fully revised and updated, covering important advances that have taken place in recent years. Nanostructured materials exhibit unique mechanical and physical properties compared with their coarse-grained counterparts, therefore these materials are currently a major focus in materials science. The production methods of nanomaterials affect the lattice defect structure (vacancies, dislocations, disclinations, stacking faults, twins, and grain boundaries) that has a major influence on their mechanical and physical properties. In this book, the production routes of nanomaterials are described in detail, and the relationships between the processing conditions and the resultant defect structure, as well as the defect-related properties (e.g. mechanical behavior, electrical resistance, diffusion, corrosion resistance, thermal stability, hydrogen storage capability, etc.) are reviewed. In particular, new processing methods of nanomaterials are described in the chapter dealing with the manufacturing procedures of nanostructured materials. New chapters on (i) the experimental methods for the study of lattice defects, (ii) the defect structure in nanodisperse particles, and (iii) the influence of lattice defects on electrical, corrosion, and diffusion properties are included, to further enhance what has become a leading reference for engineering, physics, and materials science audiences.Provides a detailed overview of processing methods, defect structure, and defect-related mechanical and physical properties of nanomaterialsCovers a wide range of nanomaterials including metals, alloys, ceramics, diamond, carbon nanotubes, and their compositesIncludes new chapters covering recent advances in both processing techniques and methods for the study of lattice defectsProvides valuable information that will help materials scientists and engineers highlight lattice defects and the related mechanical and physical properties

Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer & Mass Transfer has been developed from the series'' volume 1 6th edition. This volume covers the three main transport process of interest to chemical engineers - momentum transfer (fluid flow), heat transfer and mass transfer and the relationships between them. Particulate Systems and Particle Technology has been developed from the series'' volume 2 5th edition. This volume covers the properties of particulate systems, including the character of individual particles and their behavior in fluids. Sedimentation of particles, both singly and at high concentrations, flow in packed and fluidised beads and filtration are then examined. Separation Processes has been developed from the series'' volume 2 5th edition. This volume covers distillation and gas absorption, which illustrate applications of the fundamental principles of mass transfer. Several techniques- adsorption, ion exchange, chromatographic and membrane separations, and process intensification - are described. Chemical & Biochemical Reactors and Reaction Engineering has been developed from the series'' volume 3 3rd edition. This volume covers reactor design, flow modelling, gas-liquid and gas-solid reactions and reactors. Process Control has been developed from the series'' volume 3 3rd edition. This volume covers sensors for measurement and control as well as process control. Converted from textbooks into fully revised reference materialContent ranges from foundational through to technicalAdded emerging applications, numerical methods and computational tools

Electricity Generation and the Environment is a very concise, up-to-date and accessible guide to the evolution of environmental awareness, what that environmental awareness has taught the industry, and how technologies can be used to test and improve power performance. There is a strong emphasis on the related social impacts and economic factors involved in the various methods of generating electricity which Breeze explores, making this a valuable and insightful read for those involved in the planning and delivery of energy, such as Energy Engineers, Power Generation Planners, Policy Makers, managers and academics. Explores various life-cycle assessments and covers fast-advancing renewable and alternative power sources such as hydropower and transportationDiscusses various externalities which impact on the decisions to implement systems and technologiesEvaluates the economic and environmental viability of each power generation system covered

Tribology: Friction and Wear of Engineering Materials, Second Edition covers the fundamentals of tribology and the tribological response of all classes of materials, including metals, ceramics, and polymers. This fully updated and expanded book maintains its core emphasis on friction and wear of materials, but now also has a strengthened coverage of the more traditional tribological topics of contact mechanics and lubrication. It provides a solid scientific foundation that will allow readers to formulate appropriate solutions when faced with practical problems, as well as to design, perform and interpret meaningful tribological tests in the laboratory. Topics include the fundamentals of surface topography and contact mechanics, friction, lubrication, and wear (including tribo-corrosion), as well as surface engineering, selection of materials and design aspects. The book includes case studies on bearings, automotive tribology, manufacturing processes, medical engineering and magnetic data storage that illustrate some of the modern engineering applications in which tribological principles play vital roles. Each chapter is complemented by a set of questions suitable for self-study as well as classroom use. This book provides valuable material for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates studying mechanical engineering, materials science and other technical disciplines, and will also be a useful first reference point for any engineer or scientist who encounters tribological issues.Provides an excellent general introduction to friction, wear, and lubrication of materialsActs as the ideal entry point to the research literature in tribologyProvides the tribological principles to underpin the design process Through systematic coverage of the subject and appropriate questions, develops the reader''s understanding and knowledge of tribology in a logical progression.

Advances in Nanomedicine for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids addresses several issues related to safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids (NAs)áusing nanoparticles. A further emphasis would be laid on the mechanism of delivery of NAs, the barriers encountered and the strategies adapted to combat them. An exhaustive account of the advantages as well shortcomings of all the delivery vectors being employed in delivery of various NAs will be provided. On final note the regulatory aspects of nanoparticles mediated NA would be discussed, with focus on their clinical relevance.á The design and development of nucleic acid-based therapeutics for the treatment of diseases arising from genetic abnormalities has made significant progress over the past few years. NAs have been widely explored for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases or to block cell proliferation and thereby caused diseases. Advances in synthetic oligonucleotide chemistry resulted in synthesis of NAs that are relatively stable in in vivo environments. However, cellular targeting and intracellular delivery of NAs still remains a challenge. Further development of NA-based therapeutics depends on the progress of safe and effective carriers for systemic administration. Nanomedicine has facilitated availability of vectors with diminished cytotoxicity and enhanced efficacy which are rapidly emerging as systems of choice. These vectors protect NAs from enzymatic degradation by forming condensed complexes along with targeted tissue and cellular delivery. During the past few years, a myriad reports have appeared reporting delivery of NAs mediated by nanoparticles. This book will provide an overview of nanoparticles being employed in the in vitro and in vivo delivery of therapeutically relevant NAs likeáDNA, siRNA, LNA, PNA, etc. Provides a complete overview of the applicatiosn of nanomedicine in the delivery of nucleic acids, from characterization of nanoparticles, to in vitro and in vivo studiesDiscusses delivery issues of less well explored nucleic acids, like PNAs, Ribozymes, DNAzymes, etc.Summarizes the current state of research in nucleic acid delivery and underscores the future of nanomedicine in this field

Non-Local Astrophysics: Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Physical Vacuum highlights the most significant features of non-local theory, a highly effective tool for solving many physical problems in areas where classical local theory runs into difficulties. The book provides the fundamental science behind new non-local astrophysics, discussing non-local kinetic and generalized hydrodynamic equations, non-local parameters in several physical systems, dark matter, dark energy, black holes and gravitational waves.

Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 54, covers the synthesis, testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting edge accounts of the fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of bioactive natural products. Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, it has become possible to isolate and then determine the structures and biological activity of natural products rapidly, thus opening up exciting opportunities in the field of new drug development to the pharmaceutical industry.

This book provides a unique picture of the complete ''in-the-wild'' biometric recognition processing chain; from data acquisition through to detection, segmentation, encoding, and matching reactions against security incidents. Coverage includes: Data hardware architecture fundamentalsBackground subtraction of humans in outdoor scenes Camera synchronizationBiometric traits: Real-time detection and data segmentationBiometric traits: Feature encoding / matching Fusion at different levelsReaction against security incidentsEthical issues in non-cooperative biometric recognition in public spaces With this book readers will learn how to: Use computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning methods for biometric recognition in real-world, real-time settings, especially those related to forensics and securityChoose the most suited biometric traits and recognition methods for uncontrolled settingsEvaluate the performance of a biometric system on real world dataPresents a complete picture of the biometric recognition processing chain, ranging from data acquisition to the reaction procedures against security incidentsProvides specific requirements and issues behind each typical phase of the development of a robust biometric recognition system Includes a contextualization of the ethical/privacy issues behind the development of a covert recognition system which can be used for forensics and security activities

Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring Techniques for Renewable Energy Industrial Assets integrates state-of-the-art information and discusses future developments and their significance to the improvement of the renewable energy industry. Renewable energy assets are complex systems with several critical components that require inspection and adequate maintenance in order to ensure their high availability and uninterrupted operation. This is the first book to apply NDT and condition monitoring to these complex systems.Covers inspection and condition monitoring for a broad range of renewable energy systems, including wind turbines, wave energy devices, CSP and photovoltaic plants, and biofuel/biomass power plantsIncludes a review of common types of NDT techniquesDiscusses future developments in NDT and condition monitoring for renewable energy systems