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Photocatalytic Systems by Design: Materials, Mechanisms and Applications explores various aspects of photocatalysis, including the photocatalytic phenomenon and process, applications, and the design of photocatalysts via band gap engineering. The book also covers band edge position engineering for multiple photocatalytic applications, such as pollutant degradations, hydrogen production, CO2 reduction into hydrocarbon fuels, antimicrobial disinfections, organic synthesis, N2 fixation, and more. This book is designed to enable beginners to learn the concepts and applications of photocatalysis. Unlike conventional books on photocatalysis, the book provides a 360┬░ perspective into the field of photocatalysis and serves as an informative handbook for all audiences. Addresses all concepts and applications of photocatalysis Covers the fundamentals, including mechanisms of photocatalytic materials Describes the various material systems and engineering of photocatalysts Offers insight into the schemes for photocatalysis of various materials Discusses the application-specific design of photocatalysts

Composite materials have been well developed to meet the challenges of high-performing material properties targeting engineering and structural applications. The ability of composite materials to absorb stresses and dissipate strain energy is vastly superior to that of other materials such as polymers and ceramics, and thus they offer engineers many mechanical, thermal, chemical and damage-tolerance advantages with limited drawbacks such as brittleness. Composite Materials: Manufacturing, Properties and Applications presents a comprehensive review of current status and future directions, latest technologies and innovative work, challenges and opportunities for composite materials. The chapters present latest advances and comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart composites. The book targets researchers in the field of advanced composite materials and ceramics, students of materials science and engineering at the postgraduate level, as well as material engineers and scientists working in industrial R& D sectors for composite material manufacturing.Comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart compositesFeatures latest advances in terms of mechanical properties and other material parameters which are essential for designers and engineers in the composite and composite reinforcement manufacturing industry, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the subjectOffers a good platform for end users to refer to the latest technologies and topics fitting into specific applications and specific methods to tackle manufacturing or material processing issues in relation to different types of composite materials

Special Distillation Processes, Second Edition focuses on the latest developments in the field, such as separation methods that may prove useful for solving problems encountered during research. Topics include extraction, membrane and adsorption distillation involving the separation principle, process design and experimental techniques. The relationship between processes and techniques are also presented. Comprehensive and easy-to-read, this book provides key information needed to understand processes. It will be a valuable reference source for chemical engineers and students wishing to branch out in chemical engineering. Provides the only comprehensive book available on special distillation processes Contains a thorough introduction to recent developments in the field Presents a valuable reference for students, academics and engineers in chemical engineering

Health and Environmental Safety of Nanomaterials: Polymer Nanocomposites and other Materials Containing Nanoparticles, Second Edition updates on new developments in the field of nanomaterials safety, both at release and exposure. The book covers the advanced modeling approaches that are helping to elucidate nano-risks by addressing (quantitative) structure-activity relationships, the modeling of the interaction of nanoparticles with biological (macro) molecules, biochemical pathways and systems and/or the analysis of biomolecular signatures and the development of biomarkers suitable to characterize the impact of engineered nanoparticles. As numerous studies have been dedicated to the biophysical interactions of nanoparticles with the human body at the organ, cellular and molecular levels, this book helps readers understand where the research stands with regard to safety and environmental aspects. Focuses on the health and safety of polymer nanocomposites and other materials containing nanoparticles Discusses the fundamental nature of various biophysical interactions of nanoparticles with the human body Looks at the physico-chemistry of nanoparticles and their uptake, translocation, transformation, transport and bio-distribution in mammalian and plant systems and medical and environmental implications Focuses on the structure-activity relationships and modeling of the interaction of nanoparticles with biological molecules, biochemical pathways and systems

Fundamentals of Risk Management for Process Industry Engineers outlines foundational principles, explaining the underpinning theory of human-centered, sociotechnical risk management and how it can be applied to deliver real improvements in risk identification, understanding, analysis, control, communication and governance. To maximize sustainable competitiveness requires the identification and optimization of the range of risks that can impact a business. Hence, understanding the foundational principles of sociotechnical risk management is required to design and execute effective risk identification, optimization and management strategies. Covers the foundations of risk managementExplains how risk management and professional engineering practice are interrelatedDescribes the role and importance of humans in risk management activities Discusses the fundamentals surrounding how to identify, assess, treat, monitor and review risks in high hazard industries Presents the range of operational risks faced by process companies, including safety and health, environmental and social risk, project risk and supply chain risk

Applications of Heterocycles in the Design of Drugs and Agricultural Products, Volume 134 in the Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry series represents the most definitive series in the field - one of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists, and many biological scientists. Chapters in this updated volume cover Hydroxy azoles as carboxylic acid bioisosteres, Cyclic sulfoxides and sulfones in drug design, Thiazoles and topological control in drug design, Applications of fused pyrrolidine [3.3.0] heterocycles in drug design, 1,4 Disubstituted and 1,4,5 trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles in drug discovery and development: from the flask to the clinic, and Conformationally restricted [3.2.2]- and [3.2.1]-3-azabicyclic diamines. Because biology and organic chemistry increasingly intersect, the associated nomenclature is being used more frequently in explanations. Written by established authorities in the field from around the world, this comprehensive review combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to yield an understanding of how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds.Considered the definitive serial in the field of heterocyclic chemistryServes as the go-to reference for organic chemists, polymer chemists and biological scientistsProvides the latest, comprehensive reviews written by established authorities in the field Combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to enhance understanding of how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds

Polymer-Based Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Production, Processing, and Properties takes a detailed, systematic approach to the development of polymer separators for lithium-ion batteries, supporting the reader in selecting materials and processes for high-performance polymer separators with enhanced properties. The book begins by introducing the polymeric materials that may be used for separators, as well as characterization techniques, before presenting the available technologies used to produce separators for use in lithium-ion batteries. Each technology is discussed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of the chosen approach, with the properties of the separators made via each technology also summarized and compared in detail. In addition, areas for further development are addressed, and the limitations of current materials and separators in achieving those goals are highlighted. This is a valuable resource for scientists and engineers in the industry who work on polymer-based battery separators, polymers for electronic/energy applications, and new materials and processes for lithium-ion batteries. In academia, this book will be of interest to researchers and advanced students across the fields of polymer science, materials science, electronics, energy, and chemical engineering. Covers all current and new technologies used in the production of polymer battery separators for lithium-ion batteries Analyzes the connections between the various materials and processes, advantages and disadvantages, and resulting properties of different polymer-based separators Enables the reader to develop polymer separators that meet industry standards and property and performance requirements

Approx.256 pages

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Analysis Using Mathematica, Second Edition reviews the processes and designs used to manufacture, use, and dispose of chemical products using Mathematica, one of the most powerful mathematical software tools available for symbolic, numerical, and graphical computing. Analysis and computation are explained simultaneously. The book covers the core concepts of chemical engineering, ranging from the conservation of mass and energy to chemical kinetics. The text also shows how to use the latest version of Mathematica, from the basics of writing a few lines of code through developing entire analysis programs. This second edition has been fully revised and updated, and includes analyses of the conservation of energy, whereas the first edition focused on the conservation of mass and ordinary differential equations.Offers a fully revised and updated new edition, extended with conservation of energy Covers a large number of topics in chemical engineering analysis, particularly for applications to reaction systems Includes many detailed examples Contains updated and new worked problems at the end of the book Written by a prominent scientist in the field

Renewable Energy Systems: Modelling, Optimization and Control aims to cross-pollinate recent advances in the study of renewable energy control systems by bringing together diverse scientific breakthroughs on the modeling, control and optimization of renewable energy systems by leading researchers. The book brings together the most comprehensive collection of modeling, control theorems and optimization techniques to help solve many scientific issues for researchers in renewable energy and control engineering. Many multidisciplinary applications are discussed, including new fundamentals, modeling, analysis, design, realization and experimental results. The book also covers new circuits and systems to help researchers solve many nonlinear problems. This book fills the gaps between different interdisciplinary applications, ranging from mathematical concepts, modeling, and analysis, up to the realization and experimental work. Covers modeling, control theorems and optimization techniques which will solve many scientific issues for researchers in renewable energy Discusses many multidisciplinary applications with new fundamentals, modeling, analysis, design, realization and experimental results Includes new circuits and systems, helping researchers solve many nonlinear problems

Microfluidic Devices for Biomedical Applications, Second Edition provides updated coverage on the fundamentals of microfluidics, while also exploring a wide range of medical applications. Chapters review materials and methods, microfluidic actuation mechanisms, recent research on droplet microfluidics, applications in drug discovery and controlled-delivery, including micro needles, consider applications of microfluidic devices in cellular analysis and manipulation, tissue engineering and their role in developing tissue scaffolds, and cover the applications of microfluidic devices in diagnostic sensing, including genetic analysis, low-cost bioassays, viral detection, and radio chemical synthesis. This book is an essential reference for medical device manufacturers, scientists and researchers concerned with microfluidics in the field of biomedical applications and life-science industries. Discusses the fundamentals of microfluidics or lab-on-a-chip (LOC) and explores a wide range of medical applications Considers materials and methods for microfabrication, microfluidic actuation mechanisms and digital microfluidic technologies Details applications of microfluidic devices in cellular analysis and manipulation, tissue engineering and its role in developing tissue scaffolds, and stem cell engineering

Thermoelectricity and Advanced Thermoelectric Materials reviews emerging thermoelectric materials, including skutterudites, clathrates, and half-Heusler alloys. In addition, the book discusses a number of oxides and silicides that have promising thermoelectric properties. Because 2D materials with high figures of merit have emerged as promising candidates for thermoelectric applications, this book presents an updated introduction to the field of thermoelectric materials, including recent advances in materials synthesis, device modeling, and design. Finally, the book addresses the theoretical difficulties and methodologies of computing the thermoelectric properties of materials that can be used to understand and predict highly efficient thermoelectric materials. This book is a key reference for materials scientists, physicists, and engineers in energy. Reviews the most relevant, emerging thermoelectric materials, including 2D materials, skutterudites, clathrates and half-Heusler alloys Focuses on how electronic structure engineering can lead to improved materials performance for thermoelectric energy conversion applications Includes the latest advances in the synthesis, modeling and design of advanced thermoelectric materials

Global Trends of Smart Cities provides integrated analysis of 135 cities that participated in the IBM''s Smarter Cities Challenge in 2010-2017. It establishes evidence-based benchmarking of city geographies, city sizes, governance structures, and local planning contexts in smart cities. This book uses a combination of descriptive statistical analysis and real-world case study narratives to evaluate the ways in which each individual urban variable or their combination matter in the diversity of smart city approaches around the globe. It is acknowledged that the Smarter Cities Challenge offers a particular set of smart initiatives and is not representative of all smart cities around the world. Nevertheless, the global presence of the Challenge across five continents and its involvement with 135 cities of all size and socioeconomic status provides a solid foundation to conduct comparative research on smart cities. Considering limited comparative research available in the smart city debate, this book makes significant contribution in understanding the state of smart city development in urban governments worldwide. Offers an integrated assessment of smart cities using a combination of statistical analysis and real-world case study narrations Compares smart city interventions from the 135 cities that participated in the Smarter Cities Challenge with detailed case study narrations included for 17 cities Demonstrates the ways in which geography, size, governance, and local planning context-each individually and in combination with each other-influence smart city development around the globe Develops an urban research perspective to the smart city discourse otherwise dominated by digital and IT specialists, engineers, and business experts Identifies the North-South divide as the most influential factor explaining how smart urbanism is framed worldwide and argues that the future of smart city development depends on how "smart" approaches the ongoing and increasing level of inequity and inequality not only within our cities but also at the transregional and transnational levels

Green chemistry already draws on many techniques and approaches developed by theoretical chemists, whilst simultaneously revealing a whole range of interesting new challenges for theoretical chemists to explore. Highlighting how work at the intersection of these fields has already produced beneficial results, Green Chemistry and Computational Chemistry: Shared Lessons in Sustainability is a practical, informative guide to combining green and theoretical chemistry principles and approaches in the development of more sustainable practices. Beginning with an introduction to both theoretical chemistry and green chemistry, the book goes on to explore current approaches being taken by theoretical chemists to address green and sustainable chemistry issues, before moving on to highlight ways in which green chemists are employing the knowledge and techniques of theoretical chemistry to help in developing greener processes. The future possibilities for theoretical chemistry in addressing sustainability issues are discussed, before a selection of case studies provides good insight into how these interactions and approaches have been successfully used in practice. Highlights the benefits of green and theoretical chemistry groups working together to tackle sustainability issues across both academia and industry Supports readers in easily selecting the most appropriate path through the book for their own needs Presents a range of examples examining the practical implications and outcomes of interdisciplinary approaches

Nature-Based Solutions and Water Security: An Action Agenda for the 21st Century presents an action agenda for natural infrastructure on topics of standards and principles, technical evaluation and design tools, capacity building and innovative finance. Chapters introduce the topic and concepts of natural infrastructure, or nature-based solutions (NBS) and water security, with important background on the urgency of the global water crisis and the role that NBS can, and should play, in addressing this crisis. Sections also present the community of practice''s collective thinking on a prioritized action agenda to guide more rapid progress in mainstreaming NBS. With contributions from global authors, including key individuals and organizations active in developing NBS solutions, users will also find important conclusions and recommendations, thus presenting a collaboratively developed, consensus roadmap to scaling NBS.Covers all issues of water security and natural infrastructuresPresents a comprehensive state of synthesis, providing readers with a solid grounding in the field of natural infrastructures and water securityIncludes a fully workable and intuitive roadmap for action that is presented as a guide to the most important actions for practitioners, research questions for academics, and information on promising careers for students entering the field

Cellular Endocrinology in Health and Disease, Second Edition, describes the underlying basis of endocrine function, providing an important tool to understand the fundamentals of endocrine diseases. Delivering a comprehensive review of the basic science of endocrinology, from cell biology to human disease, this work explores and dissects the function of a number of cellular systems. The new edition provides an understanding of how endocrine glands function by integrating information resulting in biological effects on both local and systemic levels, also providing new information on the molecular physiopathogenesis of endocrine neoplasic cells. The new edition expands the most used chapters from the first edition and proposes a series of substitutions and additions to the table of contents. New chapters cover signaling, brown adipose tissue, hypothalamic cell models, cellular basis of insulin resistance, genetics and epigenetics of neuroendocrine tumors, and a series of chapters on endocrine-related cancer. Providing content that crosses disciplines, Cellular Endocrinology in Health and Disease, Second Edition, details how cellular endocrine function contributes to system physiology and mediates endocrine disorders. A methods section proves novel and useful approaches across research focus that will be attractive to medical students, residents, and specialists in the field of endocrinology, as well as to those interested in cellular regulation. Editors Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre and Ya-Xiong Tao, experts in molecular and cellular aspects of endocrinology, deliver contributions carefully selected for relevance, impact, and clarity of expression from leading field experts

Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation includes detailed theoretical and technical concepts of thermal ablation therapy in different body organs. Concepts of ablation technology based on different thermal ablation methods are introduced, along with changes in the tissues'' mechanical properties due to thermal denaturation. The book emphasizes the mathematical and engineering concepts of RF and MW energy propagation through tissues and where high heating rates produced by MW systems can overcome the heat-sink effects from nearby vessels. The design and tuning of the MW antennas to deliver energy efficiently to specific organ systems such as the liver or lung is also covered. Other sections cover the computational modeling of radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation procedures for developing and implementing new efficient ablation in clinical systems, numerical simulations for different scenarios of different organs with different size using RF and MW ablation systems with different antennas''/probes design and configurations, and numerical techniques for temperature profile in tissues.Presents the latest mathematical models of microwave and RF ablation theoriesDiscusses the biological responses and engineering principles by which thermal ablation techniques can provide temperature-elevation within the organs of the human body, including action mechanisms, required equipment, needle characteristics and treatment techniquesHighlights the different techniques of thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation, and ultrasound ablation, nanotechnology, and the different metrics used to evaluate the performance of the used antenna within the ablation needle

Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Insulators: FD-SOI Devices, Mechanisms and Characterization Techniques presents an in-depth introduction to the key concepts of this increasingly important and advanced technology. The book covers FinFETs and Fully depleted silicon-on-insulators (FD-SOI). The latter is unchallenged in the field of low-power, high-frequency and internet-of-things (IOT) circuits. The topic is very timely at research and development levels. Compared to existing books on silicon-on-insulator materials and devices, this book will cover exhaustively the FD-SOI domain. It is based on the expertise of one of the most eminent individuals in the community, Dr. Sorin Cristoloveanue, an IEEE Andrew Grove 2017 award recipient "For contributions to silicon-on-insulator technology and thin body devices.” In the book, he shares key insights on the technology aspects, operation mechanisms, characterization techniques and most promising emerging applications. Written by a top expert in the silicon-on-insulator community and IEEE Andrew Grove 2017 award recipient Comprehensively addresses the technology aspects, operation mechanisms and electrical characterization techniques for FD-SOI devices Discusses FD-SOI''s most promising device structures for memory, sensing and emerging applications

Foodborne Infections and Intoxications, Fifth Edition is a valuable scientific resource of foodborne pathogens that contributes to disease. The new edition offers the latest approaches to food safety for multiple generations of students, investigators, and food safety practitioners. It has the most up-to-date information to understand the changes and emerging issues relevant to food safety and overall public health. In addition to the updates, this new edition places a strong emphasis on estimates of disease burden, development of risk-based approaches to food safety and food safety regulation implementation. Provides all major foodborne pathogens and new emerging pathogensIncludes newly updated information on the Food and Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)Presents recent foodborne outbreaks and control strategies

Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 70 covers the synthesis or testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting-edge accounts of fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of bioactive natural products. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, this book presents exciting opportunities in the field of new drug development to the pharmaceutical industry. Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. Focuses on the chemistry of bioactive natural products Contains contributions by leading authorities in the field Presents sources of new pharmacophores

An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals gives a background on the physics of materials, describing relevant experimental techniques. The book presents the necessary background in physics, thermodynamics, and the mechanics of solids, before moving on to cover elasticity, plasticity, fracture and the anelastic behavior of metallic glasses, relating these properties to chemical composition, atomic arrangement, microstructure, and methods of preparation. In addition, it compares the structure-property relationships specific to metallic glasses with polycrystalline metals and alloys and describes the properties and characteristics of metallic glasses. The general features and behavior of metallic glasses are also analyzed and summarized. The book includes full derivations of theory and equations and presents a compendium of experimental methods used in materials science to characterize and study metallic glasses and amorphous solids. The title is a comprehensive resource for any researcher interested in the materials science of metallic glasses and amorphous materials. Presents the fundamental materials science needed to understand amorphous metals, metallic glasses and alloys Details manufacturing techniques for metallic glasses Gives the mechanical properties of metallic glasses Illustrates concepts with detailed tables and graphs Contains a compendium of experimental methods for use with amorphous metals and metallic glasses

Measuring Human Capital addresses these issues, making it an excellent resource for students and researchers worldwide working on all economic disciplines, and especially international economics, labor economics, and the economics of innovation. Accurately measuring economic data is the first step toward successfully analysing them. For many years economists used the Gross National Product (GDP), now acknowledged to be inadequate, to measure a country''s overall value. The recognition that many variables contribute to a country''s value make accurate measurement difficult, as does recognizing the limits, methodological and otherwise, of measurement strategies. Being able to measure the same variables in all countries and economies is another challenge to economists, for without accurate data it is not possible to coordinate efforts within and across economies.Demonstrates how an approach based on sources of economic growth (KLEMS - capital, labor, energy, materials, and services) can be used to analyze economic growth and productivityCovers examples from the G7, E7, EU, Latin America, Norway, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, India and other South Asian countriesExamines the effects of digital, information, communication and integrated technologies on national and regional economies

Computer-Aided Design of Fluid Mixing Equipment: A Guide and Tool for Practicing Engineers helps practicing design and operations engineers in solving their agitation and mixing problems. The book provides the practicing engineer with the tools necessary to evaluate the performance of existing agitation and mixing equipment, along with tactics on how to design new equipment using computerized rating and design methods. The most appropriate design techniques are also included in computer programs for solving mixing problems for the practicing engineer. Excel solutions are available through the WEB for 40 example problems in the book. WEB based, general purpose CalcEdge design programs are also available; the TK6 source codes are also available. Provides the practicing engineer with the tools necessary to evaluate the performance of existing equipment and to design new equipment using computerized rating and design methods Explains the principles required to understand and use recommended design methods Implements design methods that are readily available and easy-to-use Presents sufficient worked examples-using provided canned programs-to guide the user in analyzing and designing mixing equipment

Numerical Methods in Environmental Data Analysis introduces environmental scientists to the numerical methods available to help answer research questions through data analysis. One challenge in data analysis is misrepresentation of datasets that are relevant directly or indirectly to the research. This book illustrates new ways of screening dataset or images for maximum utilization, introducing environmental modeling, numerical methods, and computations techniques in data analysis. Throughout the book, the author includes case studies that provide guidance on how to translate research questions into appropriate models. Individuals working with data sets or images generated from environmental monitoring centers or satellites will find this book to be a concise guide for analyzing and interpreting their data. Bridges the theoretical underpinnings of modeling to research Illustrates the computational resolution of environmental issues alongside the use of open-source software Provides information on the use of analogue versus digital data treatment processes

The residual stress is a common phenomenon in composite materials. They can either add to or significantly reduce material strength. Because of the increasing demand for high-strength, lightweight materials such as composites and their wide range of applications; it is critical that the residual stresses of composite materials are understood and measured correctly. The first edition of this book consists of thirteen chapters divided into two parts. The first part reviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stresses. There are also additional chapters on using mathematical (analytical and numerical) methods for the calculation of residual stresses in composite materials. These include the simulated hole drilling method, the slitting/crack compliance method, measuring residual stresses in homogeneous and composite glass materials using photoelastic techniques, and modeling residual stresses in composite materials. The second part of the book discusses measuring residual stresses in different types of composites including polymer and metal matrix composites. The addition of nanoparticles to the matrix of polymeric composites as a new technique for the reduction of residual stresses is also discussed. In the Second Edition of this book, each of the original chapters of the first edition has been fully updated, taking into account the latest research and new developments. There are also five new chapters on the theoretical and experimental studies of residual stresses in the composite integrated circuits; residual stresses in additive manufacturing of polymers and polymer matrix composites; residual stresses in metal matrix composites fabricated by additive manufacturing; the eigenstrain based method for the incremental hole-drilling technique; and the estimation of residual stresses in polymer matrix composites using the digital image correlation technique. Residual Stresses in Composite Materials, Second Edition, provides a unique and comprehensive overview of this important topic and is an invaluable reference text for both academics and professionals working in the mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace, automotive, marine, and sporting industries.Presents the latest developments on theoretical and experimental studies of residual stresses in compositesReviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stressesDiscusses residual stresses in the polymer matrix, metal matrix, and ceramic matrix compositesConsiders the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix as a new technique for reduction of residual stresses in polymeric compositesIntroduces the latest advancements of research on the residual stresses in additive-manufactured polymer and metal matrix composites

Prostheses for the Brain: Introduction to Neuroprosthetics bridges the disciplines required in the field of neuroprosthetics and provides the interdisciplinary base required for understanding neuroprosthetic devices. It introduces basic aspects from the physical, bioengineering and medical perspectives, and forms a common knowledge base. It provides the entrance to the field and sets realistic expectations, both regarding potentials as well as limitations, for the devices in both design and outcomes. The book additionally reviews the technology behind the most frequently used and most clinically successful neuroprosthetic devices. It provides the physiological background for their function, as well as the technology behind them. Finally, the authors suggest future possible developments that may play crucial role in new prostheses for the brain. This gives the reader a comprehensive view on the principles and applications of neuroprostheses. This book has been built from the authors course they teach on neuroprostheses and is ideal for students, engineers and medical professionals in this field.Introduces the general principles of conductivity of electrolytes and the processes at the tissue-electrode interfaceClarifies the conceptual differences in stimulating and sensing electrodesDescribe the electro-chemical processes and electrical properties of a metal-electrode interface, and also new developments in electrode materials

Bioimpedance and Spectroscopy is a comprehensive gateway into the applications of bioimpedance and relevant aspects of its instrumentation, which presents cutting-edge knowledge in an accessible and simplified way. Written by experts from across the field, this book offers a rare focus on applied engineering and instrumentation, covering both theory and practical applications. This text will guide you towards successful experiments and leads to practical examination of the properties of different biological structures, whether single cells, tissues or whole organ systems, by: Revealing how the underlying processes of the bioimpedance spectroscopy enhance classic understanding of the impedance measurementIntroducing new instrumentation methods and applicationsWarning against some common pitfalls and caveatsExplaining historical perspectives, solutions to engineering problems and real-world case studies of how this technology has been successfully applied Clear and practical, this book lays out essential requirements, typical challenges, and common compromises for both students and engineers in the field. Students of data acquisition and impedance measurement, graduate students in biomedical engineering, and engineers of practical measurement solutions will also find this book useful.Includes new instrumentation methods and applications in bioimpedance spectroscopyCovers both the theory and practical applications of this technologyDescribes the underlying processes that occur within bioimpedance spectroscopy and how they are different from classic impedance measurement techniques used in industry and in engineering courses

Engineering Principles of Unit Operations in Food Processing, volume 1 in the Woodhead Publishing Series, In Unit Operations and Processing Equipment in the Food Industry series, presents basic principles of food engineering with an emphasis on unit operations, such as heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid mechanics.Brings new opportunities in the optimization of food processing operationsThoroughly explores applications of food engineering to food processesFocuses on unit operations from an engineering viewpoint

Ancient Supercontinents and the Paleogeography of Earth offers a systematic examination of Precambrian cratons and supercontinents. Through detailed maps of drift histories and paleogeography of each continent, this book examines topics related to Earth''s tectonic evolution prior to Pangea, including plate kinematics, orogenic development, and paleoenvironments. Additionally, this book discusses the methodologies used, principally paleomagnetism and tectonostratigraphy, and addresses geophysical topics of mantle dynamics and geodynamo evolution over billions of years. Structured clearly with consistent coverage for Precambrian cratons, this book combines state-of-the-art paleomagnetic and geochronologic data to reconstruct the paleogeography of the Earth in the context of major climatic events such as global glaciations. It is an ideal, up-to>date reference for geoscientists and geographers looking for answers to questions surrounding the tectonic evolution of Earth. Provides robust paleogeographies of Precambrian cratons based on high-quality paleomagnetic and geochronologic data and critically tested by global geological datasets Includes links to updated databases for the Precambrian such as PALEOMAGIA and the Global Paleomagnetic Database (GPMDB) Presents full-color maps of the drift histories of each continent as well as their paleogeographies Discusses key questions regarding continental drift, the supercontinent cycle, and the geomagnetic dipole hypothesis and analyzes palaeography in the context of Earth''s holistic evolution

Additive Manufacturing explains the background theory, working principles, technical specifications, and latest developments in a wide range of additive manufacturing techniques. Topics addressed include treatments of manufactured parts, surface characterization, and the effects of surface treatments on mechanical behavior. Many different perspectives are covered, including design aspects, technologies, materials and sustainability. Experts in both academia and industry contribute to this comprehensive guide, combining theoretical developments with practical improvements from R&D. This unique guide allows readers to compare the characteristics of different processes, understand how they work, and provide parameters for their effective implementation. This book is part of a four-volume set entitled Handbooks in Advanced Manufacturing. Other titles in the set include Advanced Machining and Finishing, Advanced Welding and Deformation, and Sustainable Manufacturing Processes.Provides theory, operational parameters, and latest developments in 20 different additive manufacturing processesIncludes contributions from experts in industry and academia with a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds, providing a comprehensive survey of this diverse and influential subjectIncludes case studies of innovative additive manufacturing practices from industry