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Borrowing is a crucial source of financing for governments all over the world. If they get it wrong, then debt crises can bring progress to a halt. But if it''s done right, investment happens and conditions improve. African countries are seeking calmer capital, to raise living standards and give their economies a competitive edge. The African debt landscape has changed radically in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Since the clean slate of extensive debt relief, states have sought new borrowing opportunities from international capital markets and emerging global powers like China. The new debt composition has increased risk, exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic: richer countries borrowed at rock-bottom interest rates, while Africa faced an expensive jump in indebtedness. The escalating debt burden has provoked calls by the G20 for suspension of debt payments. But Africa''s debt today is highly complex, and owed to a wider range of lenders. A new approach is needed, and could turn crisis into opportunity. Urgent action by both lenders and borrowers can reduce risk, while carefully preserving market access; and smart deployment of private finance can provide the scale of investment needed to achieve development goals and tackle the climate emergency.

Covid-19 is reshaping and challenging governments, societies and economies in previously unimaginable ways--but gangsters and profiteers have adapted. They have found new routes for illegal commodities, from narcotics to people. Shortages, lockdowns and public attitudes have brought the underworld and upperworld closer together, as criminals strive to meet needs, maximise opportunities and fill governance vacuums. Unscrupulous fraudsters are touting fake remedies to desperate people: counterfeit drugs, and trafficked wildlife used in traditional medicine. Social distancing and restrictions have seen online transactions and cyber-ops replacing or supplementing physical shipments, opening opportunities for scammers and hackers. Heavy-handed state responses have created new illicit markets by prohibiting the sale of particular goods and services, while some elites have capitalised on the pandemic for personal or political gain. Covid has cast a long shadow over the rule of law. Criminal Contagion uncovers its extraordinary impacts on the global illicit economy, and their long-term implications.

For much of recorded history, China was a leading science and technology power. But just as the West rose, China turned in on itself, and missed the Industrial Revolution. The result was the ΓÇÿHundred Years of HumiliationΓÇÖ, and a long struggle for a modern, yet distinctly Chinese, civilisational identity. Today, technological innovation has returned to the core of national pride and ambition.Since the 1980s, reforms have transformed China into the worldΓÇÖs second largest economy and a major global power. Cyber space and other advanced technologies have become a battleground for international dominance; but todayΓÇÖs world relies on global supply chains and interstate collaborationΓÇöat least, for now. Growing tension between the USA and China could result in the two superpowers decoupling their technologyΓÇöwith significant consequences for humanityΓÇÖs future.The Great Decoupling shows that this technology contest, and how it plays out, will shape the geopolitics of the twenty-first century.

A convincing indictment of the most powerful political figure in the eastern EU ... This is gloves-off political writing at its best.' -- The Financial Times on Hungary (2012)

Eritrea is characterised by regime paranoia, intense domestic repression and isolationism. Martin Plaut's book offers a glimpse into a relatively young nation marred by a stifling dictatorship.

How can policy control armed force, if armed force is a direct extension of policy?

In this text international experts and members of the MSF analyse the way issues surrounding the role of aid organizations in "just" wars have crystallized over the five years spanning the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.

This is a comprehensive history of a legendarily proud and passionate but lonely people. Much of Europe once knew them as "child-devouring cannibals" and "bloodthirsty Huns". But it was not long before the Hungarians became steadfast defenders of Christendom.

A magisterial, myth-dispelling history of Islamic Spain, from the founding of Islam to the final expulsion of Spain's Muslims in the seventeenth century.

A fascinating cultural history of Europe's greatest port city, "capital" of the Mediterranean.

On 20 January 1973, the Bissau-Guinean revolutionary Amílcar Cabral was killed by militants from his own party. Cabral had founded the PAIGC in 1960 to fight for the liberation of Portuguese Guinea and Cape Verde. The insurgents were Bissau- Guineans, aiming to get rid of the Cape Verdeans who dominated the party elite. Despite Cabral''s assassination, Portuguese Guinea became the independent Republic of Guinea- Bissau. The guerrilla war that Cabral had started and led precipitated a chain of events that would lead to the 1974 Carnation Revolution in Lisbon, toppling the forty-year-old authoritarian regime. This paved the way for the rest of Portugal''s African colonies to achieve independence. Written by a native of Angola, this biography narrates Cabral''s revolutionary trajectory, from his early life in Portuguese Guinea to his death at the hands of his own men. It details his quest for national sovereignty, beleaguered by the ethnic-based identity conflicts the national liberation movement struggled to overcome. Through the life of Cabral, António Tomás critically reflects on existing ways of thinking and writing about the independence of Lusophone Africa.

An intimate look at everyday life under, within and alongside a notorious terrorist group.

The Rohingya have been making international headlines as the world becomes aware of their plight via the story of SE Asian immigrants stranded in boats

A shocking expose of the true story behind the death of the much-beloved UN Secretary General, Dag Hammarskjold

* Kundnani dissects the conflicting pressures at play in Germany today and how these influence its politics, economic strategy and foreign policy

Reveals the pressure points for international relations precipitated by states' use of cyber espionage.

An anatomy of the increasing sectarianisation of conflicts in the Middle East, by some of the leading scholars writing on the region.

Explores the thought of Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, one of the world's leading authorities on strategy

This is essentially the story of the Chinese Communist Party in its own words.

Profiles the range of Islamist groups in Africa, which are on the rise today, and considers their growing links--examining whether their reach may extend beyond their continents

Sir David Omand served as Intelligence and Security Coordinator in the Cabinet Office from 2002-2005, coordinating counterterrorism strategy. He draws on historical examples to argue for a new outlook on the relationship between security and intelligence--one that respects human rights and avoids the pitfalls of flawed information.

This is the first book to focus exclusively on Indian Nationalist Bose's controversial relationship with Nazi Germany. Bose was an Indian nationalist on part with Gandhi. This book sheds new light on both the history of Nazi Germany and the story of Indian independence.

A biography of Viktor Bout, a 'warlord's warlord' who may be the man to replace Putin.

Is there a universal theory for the conduct of war?

Ransomware, such as the hacking of the NHS for extortion, is a growing issue. It becomes 'Ransom War' when our national security is threatened.

True stories from the Western volunteers serving in the Ukrainian International Legion fighting Russia on the frontline.

The globe faces a deadly mix of war, climate change, great power rivalry, rapid technological advancement, the end of both monarchy and empire, and countless other dangers. Waste Land is an incisive study of how we got here and where we are going.