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With the development of critical approaches in education and their application to the field of English language teaching (ELT) and the hidden curriculum (HC), the local perspectives towards the ELT industry in the world are emerging worldwide. Considering the notion that ELT has been regarded as a political activity, it is crystal transparent that language policymakers should not contemplate ELT as a value-free or a mere educational concern. The book aims to propose the application of critical language pedagogy in ELT classrooms and to provide practical guidelines/principles for implementing such an approach. In so doing, this book looks at education in the third millennium and proposes an operational model in language teaching.

This book approaches the topic thoroughly and comprehensively because it is the only appropriate way. The problems of multicultural societies have existed since the moment when people evolved from tribal communities and it is compromised from various psychological, criminological and cultural aspects. Such a complex mechanism of functioning demands a complex analysis, because the dangers of falling into the traps of superficiality, one-sidedness or even chauvinism are numerous.

The relevance of the library as a gateway for information provision in this era of Information Communications and Technology (ICT) has been an issue of debate. Library is a learning institution that exists in our society from ancient times. Library from time immemorial has been considered as a "e;social institution"e;. It has an immense role in the modern society and regarded as the "e;gateway of knowledge"e; for the community. Library and society are both interlinked and interdependent. The book presents research, developments, and trends in the leadership and management of libraries.

This book takes a theory to practice approach on language syllabus design, materials evaluation and development, and to develop understanding of appropriateness of materials for specific target groups. The book aims to foster a working awareness of the methodological issues involve is syllabus design. The contents serve to develop and implement the lesson integrating for adopting, adapting, and developing language instructional units. The key feature of this book is to develop language instructional materials for young learners, electronic language instructional material, materials for cultural awareness, and EAP/ESP instructional materials. The book takes different approaches in curriculum development that lead into the practical aspect of situation analysis and language curriculum development, project work, discourse-based, genre-based, and competency-based language curriculum development.

Some of the effects of that approach were the endless and sometimes completely meaningless wars. Eventually, nations began to build fragile alliances when they realized that it was costlier to fight one another than to work together. Unfortunately, like everything else, international sanctions have come to represent the worst aspects of postcolonial hegemony and even outright international injustice. In effect, international sanctions have exposed contradictions inherent in modern implementations of international law. Some of the most vocal advocates for international sanctions are countries that are not actually signatories to many of the internationally accepted covenants. This book attempts to tell the story of international sanctions. Specifically, it highlights the political and economic interests that lay at the heart of this conflict among nations.

This book gives a breif introduction to the social benefit of education.It further discusses its role, the benefits of learning, role of higher cognition and edification, role of multilingualism in education. This book sheds light on the several trends prevalant in E-learning, challenges in school environment, interventions for a successful health, as well as the psycholinguistic perspectives on bilingualism.

The book explains the different aspects of socio-economic governance and gives and overview on e-governance. This book sheds light on the political governance in small states as well as environmental governance in small states. It also emphasize the social and economic governance in small states along with discussing the small states and good governance for sustainable development.

Multi-Channel Marketing System: An Overview is a book is targeted to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as marketing professionals playing across diverse channels of distribution from online to brick-and-mortar stores. It addresses the practice of interacting with customers across various platforms, both direct and indirect, to sell them goods and services, blending different distribution and advertising channels into a single approach to attract consumers. This book serves as a step-by-step guide through the functions of multi-channel marketing systems, covering theory and practices. This new edition seamlessly integrates the latest changes in social media technology, including expanded coverage of mobile technology, elaborating how these new ways to reach customers can be integrated into marketing plans. The contents are presented into seven chapters. Chapter 1 : Multi-Channel Marketing System: An Overview; Chapter 2: Social Media as a Marketing Tool. Chapter 3: Mobile Marketing; Chapter 4: Email marketing; Chapter 5: Content marketing/blogging; Chapter 6: SEO in Marketing, and finally, Chapter 7: Branding in Marketing. We hope the reader enjoys the approach and the overview presented in all these seven chapters.

This book reflects the dark realities of modern slavery and human trafficking and analyses the horrifying human and social cost of these processes. Adopting an eclectic and multidisciplinary approach, this book offers a profound understanding on modern slavery and human trafficking and its devastating consequences on human lives. The book covers a wide variety of themes including the legacy of modern slavery, economic exploitation of migrants, patterns of exploitation, globalisation and the changing nature of slavery and the policy response towards human trafficking and slavery. The book that unflinchingly illustrates the torments endured by the powerless victims of slavery and human trafficking is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students of International Law, Human Rights, Sociology, Political Science and International Relations.

In this book, the key concepts of social theory and social movement have been outlined. This book also explains the theories of political protests and social movements, along with the theory of social enterprise and pluralism. It also lays emphasis on movements, from national to global social movement, network movements, alternative globalization and new media. It also explains the social movements starting from the ancient to contemporary times, which also deals with capitalism, culture, and the reinvention of everyday life. apart from this, it further illustrates the inequality, inclusion, and protests as also the action forms, repositories and cycle of protests.

The book "Key Concepts in Economics" highlights the key terms related with economics. The text material of the book has been structured and presented briefly in simple language and supported with appropriate figures. This book includes more than 650 important concepts of microeconomics, macro economics, production economics, behavioural economics, international trade, financial management, marketing, business management. Importantly the book helps reader to learn concepts and theories and can relate it to practice. This book is helpful for the UG, PG students, research scholars and faculties to acquaint with the key concepts in economics.

This book gives a brief introduction to the several aspects of diverse Asian cultures coupled with a brief history of Asia. It talks about the growth and changes in Asian tourism over the years with special emphasis on cultural and contemporary tourism, food tourism and development in Asia. It sheds light on the impact of culture on tourism, cultural potential and challenges facing Asia, and the future of Asian contemporary tourism.

Brand Management in Digital and Sustainable Times is a book intended to serve as a reference guide for undergraduates, graduates, as well as professionals aiming to understand and overcome the challenges of brand management. Brands have various applications for companies, goods, and individuals. Nowadays, every customer is a publisher and has a brand to promote goods through social media platforms. Companies should leverage this aspect as maintaining the brands reputation is essential. When a company decides on a brand to represent itself in the public eye, it must first establish its identity or how it wants to be perceived. The book presents seven carefully written chapters. Chapter one presents an introduction to brand management. A holistic approach to branding is presented in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 discusses product placement and brand integration. Chapter 4 covers brand identity, a critical requirement for any company to progress. Chapter 5 focuses on retail management, providing an overview of the visual merchandising concept, and focusing on customer relationship management (CRM), brand management, and sales management. Chapter 6 concentrates on digital branding and marketing. The final chapter, Chapter 7, explores the fundamental concepts, challenges, and issues of contemporary sustainable brand management in light of the concepts multidisciplinary aspects. With these seven chapters, readers are expected to have a comprehensive introduction to brand management in the current marketing environment. A list of references is presented in each chapter to support the reader with additional literature on the subject.

Indigenous education is a local decision-making framework in food security, human and animal health, education, natural resource management, and other important economic and social activities. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions, as well as their scientific, technological, and cultural expressions, including the characteristics of human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, animals and plants, oral tradition, literature, design, traditional sports and games, and visual and performing arts. The book presents and develops the notion of community-based education as a means of combating this tendency. Some examples of indigenous community-based education are examined, and there is a discussion both of its distinctive features and underlying principles, and its potential impact on the education of indigenous students.

Human law always needs reform. In order to preserve the rule of law, it is necessary to carry out legal reforms based on the principles of reasonable methodology and fully consider the perspectives of civil society and professionals. The process must be respectable, reliable, strict and responsive. In seeking successful legal reform through these measures, experience and expertise are required. The volume provides a practical guide to the daily process of legal reform in any jurisdiction. There are many articles on legal reform, but due to its practicality and cross-jurisdictional focus, this volume is unique. The demand for such a volume has been widely recognized. This volume guides readers through typical legal reform projects in a practical way. Whether it is read holistically or mentioned when a problem arises, it is designed to make it easy for readers to access and participate in law reforms. The volume provides ideas for logical legal reforms and discusses practical possibilities. It presents the benefits of different reform methods, discusses the reasons, and gives example of successful law reforms.

The overview of criminilogy, crime, deviance, and society, capitalism and community has been illustrated in this book. It throws light on the sociology of criminology, terrorism and state violence. It discusses the victims, survivors and victimization in addition to the controlling crime, the issues and challenges as well as the future of criminology.

This book offers an overview of brewing technology, brewing materials and its processing, chemistry and biology of brewing, along with the various components of beer, alcohol and methods for measurement. This book further sheds light on the advances in vinegar production and the challenges in brewing industry

This book is written from the perspective of trying to understand how small businesses have contributed to the hospitality industry. The book also explores the challenges that small businesses face in this sector. In so doing, the book highlights some of the possibilities for recovery and supporting these small businesses. This book is aimed at undergraduates who are interested in hospitality, business, global trends, and the social sector as an engine of development.

This book mentions technologies that present new difficulties for consumer law, imaginative improvements that can assist with securing customers financial advantages, inventive ways to deal with lasting purchaser concerns, and the difficulties involved by suggesting methods of making and conveying buyer items and administrations. Also, it ponders past triumphs and disappointments of sconsumer law and strategy, investigates prospects for moving customer law an alternate way, and examines likely dangers to consumer government assistance, particularly regarding the changing political scene in many parts of the world. A few parts inspect consumer law in singular nations, while others have a global core interest. The digital change that is in progress in our economies and social orders has furnished customers with an abundance of business openings while likewise bringing various new and arising risks. This report gives an outline of chosen key advantages and difficulties faced by digital shoppers. It centers around different areas of significance to strategists including: changing policy to quickly evolving innovations, reinforcing cross-line co-activity, improving the effect of product reviews in the advanced age, shopers goals and reviews, the job of consumer security organizations in accomplishing the Sustainable Development Goals, and securing vulnerable purchasers in the computerized age.

This book entitled, Applying Phonetics: Speech Science in Everyday Life has been designed to add to the knowledge of researchers, scholars and the students of linguistics to enlighten them with various aspects of speech, the language and their applications in their day-to-day life. It takes the readers through an overview of the speech, the basic concepts of phonetics and how these concepts assist the learners in gaining the intricate nuances of the spoken language. The book also talks about the role and technique in the articulation of the speech sounds and the spoken language and its application in the teaching of a second language. Additionally, the book sheds light on the linguistic aspects of phonetics, its utility in the day-to-day conversation and other applications.

Language teaching methodology briefly overview methods in language teaching from a historical perspective then provide different alternative methods in language teaching. The purpose of this book is to strengthen critical appraisal of language teaching methodology and to promote the critical thinking of the graduated and postgraduate students about the main concerns English teaching and learning. This book briefly outlines the main concepts in language teaching methodology by providing a brief historical overview along with outlining the key issues in language teaching. Subsequent, the book provides a critical look at foreign language learner, computer-assisted language learning (CALL), Corpus Linguistics, different types of learning, instruction, and programs.

This book will explore case studies of child poverty in a range of countries, including those that are highly industrialized; those that are considered to be middle-income countries; and the least developed countries. Throughout, the book will highlight the similarities of experience, which call for an international and coordinated response. At the same time, the book will also highlight the localized experiences of child poverty which may vary greatly. The implication is that international efforts have to be complemented with more localized approaches that are contextualized. Additionally, the book will critically examine some of the policy formulations that are designed to deal with the problem of child poverty. However, this critique will be done in such a way as to highlight the possibilities, limitations, and suggestions for improvement concerning policies that are designed to alleviate or eliminate child poverty.This book will explore case studies of child poverty in a range of countries, including those that are highly industrialized; those that are considered to be middle-income countries; and the least developed countries. Throughout, the book will highlight the similarities of experience, which call for an international and coordinated response. At the same time, the book will also highlight the localized experiences of child poverty which may vary greatly. The implication is that international efforts have to be complemented with more localized approaches that are contextualized. Additionally, the book will critically examine some of the policy formulations that are designed to deal with the problem of child poverty. However, this critique will be done in such a way as to highlight the possibilities, limitations, and suggestions for improvement concerning policies that are designed to alleviate or eliminate child poverty.

This book entitled, Introduction to Speech and Language Therapy: A New Intervention in School, has been designed to add to the knowledge of researchers, scholars and the students of second language learners to enlighten them with various aspects of the speech, the language and the methods and techniques of its acquisition. It takes the readers through an overview of speech and language therapy and how these concepts assist the children and the adults in gaining the intricate nuances of the language. It also talks about the role and technique of speech and language proper and its assessment in the teaching of second language. Additionally, the book sheds light on the linguistic theories of speech, the teaching of language for children and the techniques of vocabulary development.

This book gives an insight to the introduction, initiatives and community engagement in community based tourism, along with its management and marketing. It also defines the paradoxes involved and the building of community capaicty for tourism development and further discusses the community based tourism in the light of the developing world in addition to the sustainable tourism and indigenous people. In the end, it addresses the future challenges and opportunities involved in its management.

Religious tradition such as Christianity involve religious practices such as praying, gathering, taking care of the fellow men, dealing with life and death, or the interpretation of religious stories. The culmination of the religious topics in the syllabi has raised several concerns even in the conservative nations that are not willing to open for a secular biased society. This is the case with the developing countries those economies are buoyant and willing not to take any sort of risk. This book explains the role of religious studies in affecting the education under academic lens. This book mainly serves to the social researchers and undergraduate, postgraduates who are willing to pursue an education that links religious almanac with the education sphere.

Organizational groups are continually settling on choices that impact on the adequacy of their performance and the organization at large. This volume makes reference to the nature of cooperative decision making, which despite being more beneficial than individual decision making, is still prone to risks including different personalities and incongruity of ideas. Some of the chapters in this book include; chapter 1: group decision-making and chapter 2: the essentials of negotiation among others. Strategies for improving collective decision making have been developed to such an extent that they can be utilized to guarantee top notch decisions in company settings. Cooperative decision-making measures are usually embraced to strengthen social bonds within the company. In this volume, the author examines the impacts of collective decision making on organizational goals, recognizing the strengths and result impacts of the strategy. In particular, it builds on the likelihood of attaining better results in comparison to individual decision-making strategy. Different ideas are presented and the most ideal ones are chosen.

Today, more than ever, the role of educational technology in teaching is of great importance because of the use of information and communication technologies. In order to keep pace with the changes we are seeing in schools, districts, and states on an almost daily basis, we also need to change how often the national education technology plan is updated. With the help of various applications for distance education, the Internet, teachers, and students themselves, they see the advantage of educational technology. This book is intended to give an overview of the components and use of educational technology in the classroom.

Web technology is necessary for today because the internet has become the number one source of information, and many of the conventional software applications have become web applications. Web technologies are the several tools and methods that are applied in the activity of communication between different types of devices over the internet. This book provides students and web developers with an understandable introduction to the web programming and scripting languages used to create Web sites and web applications. The main aim is to teach the programming concepts of different Web technologies and the fundamentals needed to program on the internet.

This book entitled, "Introduction to Speech and Language Therapy", has been designed to add to the knowledge of researchers, scholars and the students of second language learners to enlighten them with various aspects of the speech, the language and the methods and techniques of its acquisition. It takes the readers through an overview of speech and language therapy and how these concepts assist the children and the adults in gaining the intricate nuances of the language. It also talks about the role and technique of speech and language proper and its assessment in the teaching of second language. Additionally, the book sheds light on the linguistic theories of speech, the teaching of language for children and the techniques of vocabulary development.

This book covers different topics from deep learning algorithms, including: methods and approaches for deep learning, deep learning applications in biology, deep learning applications in medicine, and deep learning applications in pattern recognition systems. Section 1 focuses on methods and approaches for deep learning, describing advancements in deep learning theory and applications - perspective in 2020 and beyond; deep ensemble reinforcement learning with multiple deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm; dynamic decision-making for stabilized deep learning software platforms; deep learning for hyperspectral data classification through exponential momentum deep convolution neural networks; and ensemble network architecture for deep reinforcement learning. Section 2 focuses on deep learning applications in biology, describing fish detection using deep learning; deep learning identification of tomato leaf disease; deep learning for plant identification in natural environment; and applying deep learning models to mouse behavior recognition. Section 3 focuses on deep learning applications in medicine, describing application of deep learning in neuroradiology: brain hemorrhage classification using transfer learning; a review of the application of deep learning in brachytherapy; exploring deep learning and transfer learning for colonic polyp classification; and deep learning algorithm for brain-computer interface. Section 4 focuses on deep learning applications in pattern recognition systems, describing application of deep learning in airport visibility forecast; hierarchical representations feature deep learning for face recognition; review of research on text sentiment analysis based on deep learning; classifying hand written digits with deep learning; and bitcoin price prediction based on deep learning methods.