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CONTENTSIntroductionGeneral --- Joint Service Responsibility --- Maintenance Standards, Policies, and Criteria --- Terminology --- Planning --- Preparation for Work --- Access to Work --- SafetyTimber StructuresPreservation of Wood --- Inspection --- MaintenanceConcrete StructuresConcrete Technology --- Causes and Types of Deterioration --- Methods of Inspection --- Repair Methods Stone Masonry StructuresIntroduction --- Method of Inspection --- Methods of Repair Rubble-Mound StructuresStructural Components --- Causes and Types of Deterioration --- Inspection --- Methods of RepairStructures Involving SoilSoil Description --- Soil Placement --- Inspection --- RepairSteel StructuresCorrosion --- Protective Coatings --- Cathodic Protection --- Substitute Materials for Steel --- Inspection --- Maintenance of Steel StructuresPlastic and Elastomeric StructuresTypes of Materials --- Construction TechniquesReferencesGlossaryAppendicesDiver Inspection of Structures --- Inspection, Documentation, Maintenance, and Certification of Graving DocksIndex

1. This Career Field Education and Training Plan (CFETP) is a comprehensive education and training document that identifies life-cycle education/training requirements, training support resources and minimum core task requirements for this specialty. The CFETP will provide personnel a clear career path to success and instill rigor in all aspects of career field training.2. The CFETP documents the career field training program and consists of two parts. Management uses both parts in conjunction with Training Business Area (TBA) to plan, manage and control training within the career field. NOTE: Civilians occupying associated positions will use Part II to support duty position qualification training.

This manual implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 36-26, Total Force Development. It describes the movements and procedures for saluting, drill, ceremonies, reviews, and parades. This manual is for general use throughout the US Air Force and is a guide for persons teaching, learning, or participating in drill and ceremonies (see Air Force Instruction (AFI) 34-1201, Protocol). This manual applies to all Regular Air Force units and members including the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve units and members. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained IAW Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of IAW the Air Force Records Disposition Schedule (RDS) in the Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS).

In advance of a rewrite of AFMAN 31-129, the attachment to this memorandum adds Attachment 19, M18 Modular Handgun System (9 Millimeter [mm]) Including the General Officer Version, which provides guidance for handling procedures of the M18 Modular Handgun System (MHS), 9mm semiautomatic pistol.

This instruction implements AFPD 90-5, Community Action and Information Board and AFPD 44-1, Medical Operations. It establishes requirements to conduct education and training to prevent acts of harm to self and raise awareness to prevent suicide and suicidal behavior in Air Force (AF) communities. This instruction applies to all Regular Air Force (RegAF) personnel as well as personnel of the Air Reserve Component (ARC)-the Air Force Reserve (AFR) and the Air National Guard (ANG), and Air Force civilian employees. This AFI may be supplemented at any level, but all supplements must be routed to AFMSA/SG3OQ for coordination prior to certification and approval. The authorities to waive wing/unit level requirements in this publication are identified with a Tier (T-1) number following the compliance statement.

This Air Force Instruction (AFI) is consistent with Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 48-1, Aerospace Medicine Enterprise, DoD Instruction (DoDI) 6055.05, Occupational and Environmental Health and is consistent with AFPD 90-8, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH) Management and Risk Management. It establishes procedures consistent with the guidance in AFI 91-202, The US Air Force Mishap Prevention Program, for medical support requirements. This publication applies to all Air Force (AF) active duty personnel, civilian employees, Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) Units and the Air National Guard (ANG). This Instruction does not apply to employees working under government contract. Contractors are solely responsible for compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards and the protection of their employees unless otherwise provided by law or regulation to be specified in the contract.

This memorandum provides policy and guidance for all military personnel serving in the United States Air Force, including those serving in the Reserve and Guard components of the Air Force as identified herein. The specific changes to AFI 36-2903 are listed in the attachment. The paragraphs listed replace the corresponding paragraphs in AFI 36-2903 or add new paragraphs. Failure to observe the mandatory provisions in paragraphs 3.4.1 and 3.4.2 of this memorandum by Regular Air Force military members, Air Force Reserve military members on active duty or inactive duty for training, and Air National Guard military members in Title 10 status is a violation of Article 92 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Air National Guard members in Title 32 status performing full-time National Guard duty or inactive duty for training, who violate the mandatory provisions of this instruction, may be held accountable through similar provisions of their respective State Military Codes.

This publication implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 36-24, Military Evaluations. It provides guidance and procedures for implementing Air Force (AF) Evaluation Systems policy for the Officer Evaluation System (OES) and Enlisted Evaluation System (EES). It describes how to prepare, submit, and manage Air Force Forms (AF Forms) prescribed by this Air Force Instruction (AFI). Waivers to this instruction are authorized and shall be processed IAW AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management. Waiver requests will be submitted using the AF Form 679, Air Force Publication Compliance Item Waiver Request/Approval, or via e-mail or memorandum if the form is unavailable. For unit-level compliance items, waivers must be approved by AFPC/DP3SP. AFPC/DP3SP is the waiver approving authority for non-tiered requirements in this publication.

This instruction sets the policy for management of first sergeants and implements AFPD 36-21, Utilization and Classification of Air Force Military Personnel. It applies to all Air Force personnel. This instruction is applicable to RegAF, Air National Guard (ANG) and the Air Force Reserve (AFR). However, selected sections of this publication apply to only specific components as indicated. In collaboration with the Chief of Air Force Reserve and the Director of the Air National Guard, the Deputy Chief of Staff for Manpower, Personnel and Services develops policy for The First Sergeant. This publication may be supplemented at any level; all supplements must be routed to the OPR of this publication for coordination and must be approved by the Human Resource Management Strategic Board (HSB) prior to certification and approval. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) using the AF form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication...

This instruction implements Department of Defense Instruction (DoDI) 1005.06, Display of the National Flag at Half-staff and Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 34-12, Air Force Protocol, and AFPD 65-6, Budget. This instruction applies to all Regular Air Force (RegAF) units and members including the Air National Guard (ANG) and Air Force Reserve (AFR) units and members. Ensure all records created because of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with the Air Force Records Disposition Schedule (RDS) located in the Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS). Any requests for records or documents will be processed under the Freedom of Information Act guidelines outlined in AFI 33-332, Privacy Act and Civil Liberties Program, DoD 5400.7-R, Department of Defense Freedom of Information Act Program, and AFMAN 33-302, Freedom of Information Act Program.

This handbook implements AFPD 36-22, Air Force Military Training. Information in this handbook is primarily from Air Force publications and contains a compilation of policies, procedures, and standards that guide Airmen's actions within the Profession of Arms. This handbook applies to the Regular Air Force, Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard. This handbook contains the basic information Airmen need to understand the professionalism required within the Profession of Arms. Attachment 1 contains references and supporting information used in this publication. This handbook is the sole source reference for the development of study guides to support the enlisted promotion system. Enlisted Airmen will use these study guide to prepare for their Promotion Fitness Examination (PFE) or United States Air Force Supervisory Examination (USAFSE).

PURPOSE: To provide an alternate airfield marking and striping sequence to meet the Air Component Commander's Air Tasking Order (ATO) after a major enemy attack. This publication implements Air Force Instruction (AFI) 10-210, Prime Base Engineer Emergency Force (BEEF) Program; and supports AFI 10-209, RED HORSE Program; Air Force Pamphlet (AFPAM) 10-219, Volume 4, Airfield Damage Repair Operations, and Air Force Doctrine Annex 3-34, Engineer Operations. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with (IAW) Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of IAW the Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS) Records Disposition Schedule (RDS). Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Forms 847 from the field through the appropriate functional chain of command.

This volume, the third in a series of historical case studies of important air power missions, addresses the most controversial (and arguably most significant) air power mission of all--strategic bombardment. The ability of aircraft and missiles to destroy or disrupt an enemy's war-making potential and to break or weaken his will to resist, independent of the actions of ground and naval forces, has served as the central theme of air power theory and as the rallying point of air advocates, who made it the raison d'Ltre for independent air forces. Written by well-known military historians, each chapter stands alone as a case study of an important stage in strategic air operations; combined, the chapters provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the theory and practice of strategic bombardment from its inception in World War I through the Gulf War of 1991. From "Boom" Trenchard and "Billy" Mitchell to John Warden and Charles Horner, the vision of air power prophets and airmen is tested against the reality of bureaucratic inertia, aircraft capability, technological advances, and bombing accuracy. Seldom in the twentieth century has technology fully met the demands of air power theory. Yet in each era a practitioner of the art appears, such as Harris, Spaatz, LeMay, or Horner, who in some measure modifies prevailing doctrine and stretches the paradigm of his time and circumstances to achieve extraordinary results. Technology, of course, is the prime determinant of doctrine and operations. This exceptional volume surveys the entire history of strategic bombardment and its technology, from the Zeppelin and Gotha of the Great War to the F-117 and the penetrating precision guided bomb of the Gulf War. The reader will find technological advances--such as radar bombing and range-extending air-to-air refueling--that answer one problem only to produce new requirements and expectations that demand more advanced technology. Guided munitions, while offering remarkable precision, have underscored the problems of strategic intelligence collection and dissemination, and of locating and attacking both fixed and mobile targets. This volume also examines the changes in the public's perception of strategic bombardment. The exaggerated fears of a "knockout blow" and near total destruction bruited about before World War II gradually were replaced by a general acceptance of area bombing and contemporary satisfaction at the casualties inflicted on the foe during the war itself. That public tolerance evaporated soon after the appearance of the atom bomb. The ever-present threat of a civilization-ending global nuclear war continued for another forty years and made the B-52 bomber and intercontinental ballistic missile both symbols of ultimate destruction and potent tools of nuclear stability. Indeed, public acceptance of combat casualties for both friend and foe has steadily declined in the latter half of the twentieth century. If the World War II bombing of Berlin and Tokyo resonated favorably with public opinion at the time, changing attitudes by the 1990s would never have condoned such an approach to the Gulf conflict. Finally, later chapters in this volume consider some of the most significant missions and accomplishments of the United States Air Force during the Cold War. They examine the actions and events associated with strategic air power that helped repel or deter communist aggression and protect the vital interests of Western democracies throughout the world. The U.S. Air Force's commitment to strategic air power has been consistent and seamless since the days of the B-17 to the era of the B-2. Through the development and elaboration of strategic air warfare capabilities and thought, it has created a modem world in which global air power will be the strategic instrument of choice for power projection and presence in the twenty-first century.Richard P. HallionThe Air Force Historian

Writing in 1978, General William W. Momyer, former Commander of the Tactical Air Command and a distinguished veteran fighter pilot, stated that:The contest for air superiority is the most important contest of all, for no other operations can be sustained if this battle is lost. To win it, we must have the best equipment, the best tactics, the freedom to use them, and the best pilots.Certainly, the wide-ranging case studies examined in this book confirm this message, as do more contemporary experiences from the Falklands War, the Bekaa Valley, and, most recently, the Gulf War of 1991. The historical roots of air superiority date to the First World War, which marked the emergence of the fighter airplane, offensive and defensive fighter doctrine, and the trained fighter pilot. By the end of the war, the Imperial German Air Service had been decisively outfought, and though occasional bitter air combat still occurred, the Allied air arms were free to harass and attack German ground forces wherever and whenever they chose. After the war, there were defense commentators who injudiciously predicted--not for the last time--that the era of dogfighting was over; higher aircraft speeds would make maneuvering air combat a thing of the past. Instead, the lesson of the importance of air superiority was rediscovered in the skies over Spain, and confirmed again throughout the Second World War. Having tenaciously wrested air superiority from the Luftwaffe, the Allies in 1941 went on to achieve genuine air supremacy, a situation acknowledged by General Dwight Eisenhower, who, riding through Normandy after D-Day, remarked to his son: "If I didn't have air supremacy, I wouldn't be here." Sadly, many of these lessons were lost in the post-Second World War era, when technology advances-supersonic design theory, nuclear weapons, and "robot" aircraft--seemed to signal an end to the traditional air-to-air fighter--even though the experience of the Korean War demonstrated that transonic jet combat was not merely possible, but the new normative form of air warfare. Indeed, the fighter airplane underwent a dramatic transformation into a nuclear-armed strike aircraft, now that popular wisdom held that surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles foreshadowed the end of the era of "classic" air combat. That prediction collapsed in the face of the Vietnam war and the experiences of the Middle East. The 1970s witnessed both a revolution in fighter aircraft design (spawned by the technology advances of the 1960s and 1970s) and a return to basics in both design fundamentals and the training of fighter pilots. Operations in the Falklands war, over the Bekaa Valley, and most recently, during DESERT STORM confirmed not only the benefits of this revolution and rediscovery, but also the enduring importance of air superiority. During DESERT STORM (which occurred while this book was in press) the airmen of the United States Air Force established air superiority over Iraq and occupied Kuwait from the outset of the war, defeating the Iraqi air force both in the air and on the ground. By so doing, they created the conditions essential for decisive air war. Strike and support aircraft and helicopters could go about their duties without fear of molestation from enemy aircraft. Iraq's forces, pinned in place, were denied any respite from punishing air attack. Because of coalition air supremacy, coalition land operations could be undertaken with an assurance, speed, and rapidity of pace never before seen in warfare. Bluntly stated, the Gulf war demonstrated that with air superiority, General Norman Schwarzkopf could undertake his famed "Hail Mary" play. Lacking air superiority, Iraq paid dearly. Its III Corps became vulnerable to air attack--stuck in a traffic jam out of Kuwait City on the "Highway of Death." Air superiority, like democracy itself, must be constantly secured and renewed.

This manual provides criteria and guidance for the design of structures to resist the effects of earthquakes. It takes a general approach for the seismic design of buildings, including architectural components, mechanical and electrical equipment supports, some structures other than buildings, and utility systems. Primary emphasis is given to the equivalent static force design procedure.

June 6,1944Operation Overlord, the Normandy invasion - like William the Conqueror's before it or the Inchon landing afterwards - will long be studied as a classic in military planning, logistics, and operations. Overlord depended to a remarkable degree upon the use of air power in virtually all its forms. A half-century ago, aircraft were primitive vehicles of war compared to the modern attackers of the Gulf War era, with their precision weapons, advanced navigational, sensor systems, and communications. Yet, the airplane still had a profound impact upon the success of the invasion. Simply stated, without air power, Normandy would have been impossible.

This field manual provides commanders and staffs with general information and technical data concerning chemical and biological agents and other compounds of military interest. It discusses the use; the classification; and the physical, chemical, and physiological properties of these agents and compounds. It also discusses protection and decontamination of these agents. In addition, it discusses their symptoms and the treatment of those symptoms.