Bøker av National Research Council

Addresses issues in learning and performance. This book presents theories and findings from a range of research settings: from pilots learning to fly to children learning about physics by throwing beanbags. It also explores common folklore and identifies promising research directions. It evaluates the effects of subjective experience on learning.

Focuses on native cereals in Africa, including African rice, finger millet, fonio, pearl millet, sorghum, tef, and other cultivated and wild grains. This book dispels myths, often based on Western bias, about the nutritional value, flavor, and yield of these African grains.

Provides highlights of the main volume in the context of implications for educational policy.

Examines how to translate workers' productivity increases into gains for the organization, and discusses why huge investments in automation and other innovations have failed to boost productivity. This book examines problems in productivity measurement and presents solutions.

Offers four strategies that serve as the basis for a national policy to protect soil and water quality, while maintaining US agricultural productivity and competitiveness. This volume is of interest to federal, state, and local policymakers; environmental and agricultural officials; scientists involved in soil and water issues; and more.

Offers explanations of: the processes involved in in situ bioremediation, circumstances in which it is best used, and methods of measurement, field testing, and modeling to evaluate the results of bioremediation projects. This book is useful to policymakers, regulators, bioremediation practitioners and purchasers, environmental groups, and more.

Evaluates the safety, oversight, and management functions that are implemented in the Space Shuttle program to ensure that the software is of the highest quality possible. This work makes numerous recommendations regarding safety and management procedures and offers a rationale for continuing the Independent Verification and Validation effort.

Based on workshops held in Benin, Ethiopia, and Namibia to better understand the dynamics of contemporary democratic movements in Africa. Key issues in the democratization process range from its institutional and political requirements to specific problems, such as ethnic conflict, corruption, and role of donors in promoting democracy.

Outlines pressing marine research problems and offers recommendations for how they may be solved, with detailed discussions of how oceanographic research is conducted. This comprehensive book is suitable for researchers, faculty, and students in the field, as well as federal policymakers, research administrators, and environmental professionals.

Examines policy issues, projection models, and data bases pertaining to the supply of, demand for, and quality of teachers in the United States from kindergarten to twelfth grade. This book identifies additional data needed to clarify policy issues or for use in projection models.

Examines the reasons why science is important to the national parks, reviews evaluations of research in the parks, and recommends ways to improve the science program. This book stresses the need for two distinct but related approaches to research, called "science for the parks" and "parks for science."

Provides a direction for developing strategies that mitigate land degradation, deforestation and biological resource losses. This book also includes a practical discussion of 12 major land use options for boosting food production and enhancing local economies, while protecting the natural resource base.

The decline of the 'Alala is part of a larger phenomenon of reduction and extinction of forest birds throughout Polynesia that has been associated with human colonization. This book analyzes the data about the 'Alala and details its findings, conclusions, and recommendations concerning recovery efforts for this endangered bird.

Examines the controversies over proper cage sizes and interpretation of federal requirements for exercise and offers recommendations for researchers. This book includes guidelines on how to recognize and alleviate pain and distress in research dogs and on the sensitive topic of euthanasia. It is useful for researchers and research administrators.

Outlines a framework of priorities for computer science and engineering (CS&E), along with recommendations for education, funding, and leadership. This volume examines how computer scientists and engineers are pushing back the frontiers of their field and how CS&E must change to meet the challenges of the future.

Addresses the factors that impede the transition of new materials from concepts into commercial use. This book identifies policies and actions that government and industry, together with universities, can take to remove these impediments. It also suggests incentives to accelerate the commercialization of advanced materials.

Prepared at the request of NASA, this book presents steps to help prevent the erosion of US dominance in the global aeronautics market. It recommends the expansion of research on advanced aircraft that travel at subsonic speeds and research on designs that will meet expected future demands for supersonic and short-haul aircraft.

Presents an agenda for research that aims to provide information to formulate policy and design conservation programs in the Third World. This book includes discussions of research needs in the biological sciences, as well as economics and anthropology, areas of critical importance to conservation and sustainable development.

Contains reviews of research on biological influences on violent or aggressive behaviour. This volume examines areas, such as genetic contributions to the probability of violent behaviours; brain structure and functioning as implicated in aggressive behaviour; the roles of hormonal and neurological interactions in violent behaviour; and more.

Addresses issues in the public debate over AIDS. This book explores how AIDS has affected fundamental policies and practices in our major institutions. It is helpful to anyone concerned about AIDS and its impact on the country: health professionals, sociologists, psychologists, advocates for at-risk populations, and interested individuals.

Describes the relationship between plasma processes and industrial applications, examines plasma processing in the electronics industry, highlights the scientific foundation underlying this technology, and discusses education issues in this field. This title recommends a coordinated, focused, and well-funded research program in this area.

Offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions in DNA typing. This volume addresses: quality and reliability in DNA typing; DNA typing in the courtroom; and societal issues. It offers guidance to policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

Assesses the state of the field in a number of potential applications and discusses technologies for which concentrated solar energy might be utilized. This book contains all the papers submitted by the speakers as well as summaries of the presentations, and discussions that followed each session.

Contains the initial priorities for US participation in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. This book focuses on seven issues: hazard and risk assessment; awareness and education; mitigation; preparedness for emergency response; recovery and reconstruction; prediction and warning; learning from disasters; and US participation.

Describes the contributions of mathematics to the nation's advanced technology and to economic competitiveness. This book addresses various high-technology industries and breadth of mathematical endeavors in the United States as they materially contribute to the technology base from which innovation in these industries flows.

On November 13, 1985, catastrophic mudflows swept down the slopes of the erupting Nevado del Ruiz volcano. This volume analyzes the disaster's many aspects: the extent, constitution, and behavior of the mudflows; the nature of damage to structures; the status of the area's disaster warning system; and more.

The small community of Saragosa, Texas, was devastated by a violent multiple-vortex tornado in 1987. This book aims to combine the information provided by the respondents to a post disaster survey with the facts surrounding the tornado in order to understand the weather warning procedures used in Reeves County, Texas, where Saragosa is located.

Looks at performance appraisal and pay practices in the private sector and describes how private industry experience is relevant to federal pay reform. This book focuses on the needs of the federal government, exploring how the federal pay system evolved; evidence on federal employee attitudes toward their work, and their pay; and more.

High performance synthetic fibers are key components of composite materials. This book stresses the need for redesigning university curricula to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of fiber science and technology. It also urges greater government and industry cooperation in support of academic instruction in fiber-related disciplines.