Bøker av National Research Council

Recommends that the government expand regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies.

In the summer of 2002, the Office of Naval Research asked the Committee on Human Factors to hold a workshop on dynamic social network and analysis. The presentations at this workshop were grouped into four sessions: Social Network Theory Perspectives, Dynamic Social Networks, Metrics and Models, and Networked Worlds.

Alcohol use by young people is extremely dangerous - both to themselves and society at large. Why is this dangerous behavior so pervasive? What can be done to prevent it? What will work? This work addresses these questions, and explores the ways in which different individuals and groups contribute to the problem and how they can be enlisted.

Explores three related questions: how to create measures of undergraduate learning in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics courses; how such measures be organized into a framework to assess instruction; and how the framework be used at the institutional level to assess the courses and curricula to promote improvements.

Aims to help in creating regulations that are consistent, reliable, and ensure the best protection for the health of American consumers. This book addresses the concerns in food safety, such as microbial disease surveillance plans, tools for establishing food safety criteria, and issues specific to meat, dairy, poultry, seafood, and produce.

Contains presentations of a symposium held in April of 2002. The sequestration options include ocean disposal, terrestrial disposal in geologic formations, biomass based approaches, and carbon trading schemes. This report also presents efforts at enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide and demonstrating its utility.

There is a growing litany of problems with federal facilities that put a drain on the federal budget and compromise the effectiveness of federal services. This report presents a review of both public and private practices, and identifies appropriate objectives, practices, and performance measures. It provides a series of recommendations.

The childhood cancer survivors who experience late effects as a result of their disease, its treatment, or both, are the focus of this report. It outlines a policy agenda that links improved health care delivery and follow-up, investments in education and training for health care providers, and research to improve the long-term outlook.

Experimentation provides the means to enhance naval and joint force development. To assist the Navy in this effort, the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) asked the NRC to conduct a study to examine the role of experimentation in building future naval forces to operate in the joint environment. This work covers this study.

Computer science emerged as a field in the middle of the 20th century. This book argues that, at the beginning of the 21st century, information technology (IT) is forming a powerful alliance with creative practices in the arts and design to establish the exciting domain of information technology and creative practices - ITCP.

The benefits from urbanization cannot be overlooked, but the speed and sheer scale of transformation present many challenges. Drawing from a variety of data sources, this work explores the implications of various urban contexts for marriage, fertility, health, schooling, and children's lives.

Examines three key issues related to human participation in social, behavioral, and economic sciences research. This report is suitable for policy makers, research administrators, research sponsors, IRB members, and investigators.

Few demographers worry about how biological processes might affect voluntary behavior choices that have demographic consequences even though behavioral geneticists have documented genetics effects on variables such as parenting and divorce. This work reviews the state of research in this field and identifies research directions for the future.

Draws together relevant geological, technical, economic, and environmental factors and recommends specific directions for US research and development efforts on alternative fuel sources. This volume is useful for executives and engineers in the automotive and fuel industries, policymakers, environmental and alternative fuel specialists, and more.

This report describes the major research facilities on which high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research.

"Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters" provides a basic overview of the state of knowledge of epidemiology of malaria and public health interventions and practices for controlling the disease in situations involving forced migration and conflict.

Birth outcomes have improved worldwide, yet, there is a gap between the outcomes in developing and developed countries. This book addresses the steps needed to reduce that gap. It reviews the statistics of low birth weight, prematurity, and birth defects and identifies cost-effective opportunities for improving birth outcomes.