Bøker av Institute of Medicine

Reviewing the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments, this work states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients.

Makes recommendations for improving primary care, building its organization, financing, infrastructure, and knowledge base, as well as developing a way of thinking and acting for primary care clinicians. This volume also discusses the needs of special populations, the role of the capitation method of payment, and more.

Does radiation medicine need more regulation or better-coordinated regulation? This book addresses this and other questions of importance to public health and safety. It is useful for federal and state policymakers and regulators, health professionals involved in radiation treatment, developers and producers of radiation equipment, and more.

Offers an examination of isotope production and availability, including the education and training of those who will be needed to sustain the flow of radioactive and stable materials from their sources to the laboratories and medical care facilities in which they are used.

Discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices.

What are the long-term results of weight-loss programs? How can people sort through the many programs available and select one that is right for them? This book strives to answer these questions. This book discusses short- and long-term safety consequences of weight loss, as well as clinical assessment of individual patients.

Reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of the coverage and adoption practices, this work highlights opportunities for improving both the decision making processes and the underlying information base. It also considers approaches to instituting a much-needed increase in financial support for evaluative research.

Mifepristone (RU486) is the first clinically available antiprogestin. It is recognized that mifepristone, along with other antiprogestins, has a potentially significant therapeutic role in human health and disease. This book provides an evaluation of knowledge about both the fundamental nature of antiprogestins as well as their possible use.

Establishes a framework for assessing health care reform proposals and their implementation. This book presents a discussion and analysis of issues essential to achieving fundamental goals of health care reform. It is a useful resource for those developing or assessing options for reform.

How can we meet the special needs of children for emergency medical services (EMS) when EMS systems are often unprepared for the challenge? This comprehensive overview of EMS for children (EMS-C) provides an answer by presenting a vision for EMS-C system and practical recommendations for attaining it.

Identifies the opportunities for progress in basic and clinical research in the biological sciences, food science and technology, and public health. This volume highlights the importance of technology and instrumentation and is useful for investigators, administrators, and funding decisionmakers in government and industry.

Like many other agencies of the federal government, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) relies extensively on external advisory committees for independent scientific and technical advice. This volume recommends ways of enhancing the use of these committees in the evaluation of drugs, biological materials, and medical devices.

Because most proposals for health care reform assume some continued role for employers, this book describes the strength and limitations of the system of employment-based health benefits. It is useful for policymakers and regulators, employee benefit managers and other executives, trade associations, and decisionmakers.

Presents a history of the violence and the research findings and conclusions of a 1992 delegation to Guatemala. This book focuses on the human rights concerns and the responses of the government and military authorities to those concerns. It presents the status of an investigation into the political murder of an eminent Guatemalan anthropologist.

Identifies infectious disease threats posed by bacteria and viruses, as well as protozoans, helminths, and fungi. This volume includes a historical perspective on infectious disease, with focuses on Lyme disease, peptic ulcer, malaria, dengue, and recent increases in tuberculosis.

Surveys the field of body composition as it relates to performance. This book includes a definition of terminology and a discussion of the methods for measuring body composition. It addresses the issue of physical appearance as it relates to body fatness and performance. It is meant for those involved in sports medicine and exercise physiology.

How many physicians does it need to carry out its principal mission-related responsibilities of patient care, education, and research? This book presents and demonstrates by example a methodology to answer this basic, but complex, question.

Part of the "Medical Innovation at the Crossroads" series, this book examines how economic incentives for innovation change and what that means for the future of health care. It is of interest to economists, policymakers, health administrators, health care practitioners, and the concerned public.

Offering an examination of contemporary nutrition labelling practices, this volume proposes implementing a food labelling reform program. It addresses key issues, such as requiring mandatory nutrition labelling on most packaged foods, expanding nutrition labelling to foods that do not provide this information, and more.

How can drug treatment dollars be spent most equitably with the highest likelihood of beneficial results? Focusing on this basic question, this volume provides specific recommendations on how to organize and fund the drug treatment system. It also gives attention to both public and private sources and their programs.

Answers the US Congress' call for the Institute of Medicine to design a strategic plan for assessing and assuring the quality of medical care for the elderly. This book presents a proposed strategic plan for improving quality assurance in the Medicare program, along with steps and timetables for implementing the plan.

Presents a monograph that explores methods of and barriers to diagnostic technology assessment and describes the rationale and the guidelines for meaningful evaluation. This book emphasizes the problems involved and defines a mechanism for improving the evaluation and use of medical technology and essential resources to enhance patient care.

Presents a monograph that addresses some of the gaps in understanding health status and quality of life, such as the use of quality-of-life measures in technology assessment, organ transplantation, and pharmaceutical trials. This title provides basic references for the technical attributes of many established measures and some lesser known ones.

The elderly constitute a special and vulnerable patient population. This book discusses the appropriate use of technology to minimize risks posed to the elderly patient in the delivery of health care services. It covers home and community care as well as acute hospital care, and system resources and constraints.

Utilization Management has become a strong trend in health care cost containment. Under UM, some decisions are not strictly made by the doctor and patient alone. This book presents findings about how UM is faring in practice and how it compares with other cost containment approaches, with recommendations for improving UM program administration.

Congress asked the Institute of Medicine to find out whether various health care programs were ignoring the homeless or delivering care to them inefficiently. This book is the report prepared by a committee of experts who examined these problems through visits to city slums and impoverished rural areas.

Contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the modern topics, but also with those of tomorrow. This book also makes recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances.

States that there is no consistent evidence between sodium intake and either a beneficial or adverse effect on direct health outcomes other than some CVD outcomes and all-cause mortality. This book offers the findings and conclusions on evidence for associations between sodium intake and risk of Cardiovascular disease.

Summarizes the one-day workshop, Military Medical Ethics: Issues Regarding Dual Loyalties, which examined two case studies: decisions regarding returning a service member to duty after a closed head injury, and decisions on actions by health professionals regarding a hunger strike by detainees.