Bøker av Institute of Medicine

Focusing on performance improvement, this book considers the history, role, and effectiveness of the Quality Improvement Organization (Q) program and its potential to promote quality improvement within a changing health care delivery environment that includes standardized performance measures and reporting requirements.

Workshop on Disability in America: A New Look - Summary and Background Papers (2006)

Provides useful recommendations for how to measure health-related quality-of-life impacts for diverse public health, safety, and environmental regulations. This work is useful for public decision makers, regulatory analysts, scholars, and students in the field.

Examines the characteristics of health care for mental and substance-use conditions, including payment, benefit coverage, and regulatory issues, as well as health care organization and delivery issues.

The US economy relies on the productivity, entrepreneurship, and creativity of its people. This book explains that eliminating gender bias in academia requires immediate overarching reform, including decisive action by university administrators, professional societies, federal funding agencies and foundations, government agencies, and Congress.

The number of women studying science and engineering (S&E) has increased, but women do not hold academic faculty positions in numbers that commensurate with their share of the S&E talent pool. Experts in a number of disciplines met to address these issues. This book includes an introduction and summaries of panel discussions on this topic.

Quarantine Stations at Ports of Entry Protecting the Public's Health (2005)

Presents findings on the presence of hazardous noise in military settings, levels of noise exposure necessary to cause hearing loss or tinnitus, risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus, the timing of the effects of noise exposure on hearing, and the adequacy of military hearing conservation programs and audiometric testing.

Recognizing the importance of good nutrition for physical and mental status, the Department of Defense asked the Institute of Medicine to guide the design of the nutritional composition of a ration for soldiers on short-term, high-stress missions. This book considers military performance, health concerns, food intake, and food technology issues.

Mechanical ventilators and other respiratory support devices rescue thousands of fragile newborns every year. This book examines the food and drug administration's monitoring and use of adverse event reports, the postmarket surveillance of medical devices used with children, and more.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) workforce is highly skilled and employees frequently work under pressure to ensure mission success. The Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer at NASA requested that the Institute of Medicine review its occupational health programs. This work presents the committee's findings.

Evaluates the long-term, human health effects associated with exposure to selected environmental agents, pollutants, and synthetic chemical compounds believed to have been present during the Gulf War. This title reviews the literature on hydrogen sulfide, combustion products, hydrazine and red fuming nitric acid.

Public health officials and organizations around the world remain on high alert because of increasing concerns about the prospect of an influenza pandemic, which many experts believe to be inevitable. This title covers the workshop on pandemic influenza.

Building on the innovative Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, this book offers a strategy to address the quality challenges in rural communities. It also provides a framework for core set of services and essential infrastructure to deliver various services to rural communities.

Because of concerns about the veterans' health problems the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) review the scientific and medical literature on the health effects of agents to which the Gulf War veterans may have been exposed. This report offers an overview of the toxicology of sarin and cyclosarin.

Given the trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking development - an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. This book explores the causes of this health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children.

Poisoning is a far more serious health problem in the US than has generally been recognized. This book recommends a poison control system with a strong public health infrastructure, a national system of regional poison control centers, and federal funding to support core poison control activities.

Examines the relationship between damp or moldy indoor environments and adverse health outcomes and discusses issues such as how and where buildings get wet. A review finds evidence of an association between damp indoor environments and some upper respiratory tract symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, and asthma symptoms in sensitized persons.

Focusing its analysis on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), this book examines the purpose of nutrition labelling, various labelling practices in the US and Canada, and food fortification practices and policies. It also offers recommendations as a series of guiding principles to assist the regulatory agencies that oversee food labelling.

The US is experiencing a change in its demographic structure known as population aging. This book aims to provide an image of what is known about the health and safety needs of the older workers and the research needed to encourage social polices that guarantee older workers a meaningful share of the nation's work opportunities.

Being uninsured is associated with a range of adverse health, social, and economic consequences for individuals and families. This report is the final report in a series by the Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance, intended to synthesize what is known about these consequences and communicate the urgency of the issue to the public.

Reflects a wide-ranging effort to understand what we know about care at the end of life, what we have yet to learn, and what we know but do not adequately apply. This book seeks to build understanding of what constitutes good care for the dying and offers recommendations to decisionmakers that address specific barriers to achieving good care.

The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the US Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance.

The workshop on Educating Public Health Professionals was held May 22, 2003 and over 100 representatives attended. This report includes the workshop presentations, recommendations, workshop agendas, and more.

Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are found throughout the environment, in soil, water, and air. This book recommends policy options to reduce exposure to these contaminants while considering how these options could reduce health risks and affect nutrition, particularly in sensitive and highly exposed groups, if dietary changes are suggested.