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B. Basler, S. Brandes, A. Spiegel and T. Bach: Total Synthesis of Kalsoene and Preussin .- R. Bandichhor, B. Nosse and O. Reiser: Paraconic Acids- the Natural Products from Lichen Symbiont .- M. Hiersemann and H. Helmboldt: Recent Progress in the Total Synthesis of Dolabellane and Dolastane Diterpenes .- L. Wessjohann and E. Ruijter: Strategies for Total and Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Natural Product (-Like) Macrolides .-M. Sefkow: Enantioselective Synthesis of C(8)-Hydroxylated Lignans: Early Approaches and Recent Advances

Mass spectrometers are used by almost all chemists and many researchers from neighboring disciplines such as physics,medicine,or biology as a powerful a- lytical tool. Its advantages are high sensitivity,speed,and almost no sample c- sumption. During the last two decades,mass spectrometry experienced a boom of new developments pushing its limits further and further at an increasing speed - just similar to the progress in NMR spectroscopy in the 1970s. However,a mass spectrometer does not only serve as a machine for solving complicated analytical problems,it evolved meanwhile to a complete laboratory for the investigation of molecules,clusters,and other species under the envir- ment-free conditions of the highly diluted gas phase. These special conditions existing only in high vacuum change the properties of the particles under study significantly with respect to their energetics and reaction pathways. For ex- ple,temperature is a macroscopic property of a large ensemble of particles in thermal equilibrium and is thus not defined for a single ion. This fact has severe implications for the measurement of kinetic and thermodynamic data of g- phase species. On the other hand,the examination of gas-phase properties has the advantage that systems reduced to minimum complexity can be studied more easily without the complicated influences of solvents or counterions. In parti- lar, the combination of isotopic labeling and mass spectrometry allows for a detailed analysis of reaction mechanisms or conformational analysis through H/D exchange experiments not only on biomolecules.

K. Mori: Pheromone Synthesis.- T. Ando, S.-I. Inomata, M. Yamamoto: Lepidopteran Sex Pheromones.- R. Jurenka: Insect Pheromone Biosynthesis.- C.I. Keeling, E. Plettner, K.N. Slessor: Hymenopteran Semiochemicals.- G. Pohnert: Chemical Defense Strategies of Marine Organisms.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science.The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience.Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors.Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research.

An excellent monograph for the cross-coupling reactions and other met- catalyzed C-C bond-forming reactions recently appeared in Metal-catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions (Wiley-VCH,1998).

Covers such topics as: Key Building Blocks via Enzyme-Mediated Synthesis; Engineered Biosynthesis of Plant Polyketides: Structure-Based and Precursor-Directed Approach; Enzymatic and Chemo-Enzymatic Approaches Towards Natural and Non-Natural Alkaloids: Indoles, Isoquinolines, and Others; and, more.

LegonHalogen bonding in solution, Mate ErdelyiUnconventional motifs for halogen bonding, by Kari Rissanen Halogen bonding in supramolecular synthesis, Christer Aakeroey Halogen bond in synthetic organic chemistry, Stefan M.

O. Niyomura, S. Kato: Chalcogenocarboxylic Acids.- S. Kato, O. Niyomura: Thio-, Seleno-, and Telluro-Carboxylic Acid Group 1-17 Elements Derivatives (Except for Carbon Atom on the S, Se, Te).- S. Fujiwara, N. Kambe: Thio-, Seleno-, and Telluro-Carboxylic Acids Esters.- N. Kano, T. Kawashima: Dithiocarboxylic Acid Metal Salts Except for Carbon Atom on the Sulfur.- A. Ishii, J. Nakayama: Carbodithioic Acid Esters.- A. Ishii, J. Nakayama: Carboselenothioic and Carbodiselenoic Acids Derivatives and their Related Compounds.- T. Murai: Thio-, Seleno-, and Telluro-Amides.

R. Steudel, B. Eckert: Solid Sulfur Allotropes.- R. Steudel: Liquid Sulfur.- R. Steudel, Y. Steudel, M.W. Wong: Speciation and Thermodynamics of Sulfur Vapor.- I. Krossing: Homoatomic Sulfur Cations.- R. Steudel: Aqueous Sulfur Sols.- W.E. Kleinjan, A. de Keizer, A. J. H. Janssen: Biologically Produced Sulfur.

This series presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research.

"Ionic liquids will never find application in industry", "I don't understand this fad for ionic liquids" and "there is no widespread interest in these systems" are just three of quotes from the reports of referees for research proposals that I have received over the years.

Orbital mixing rules were developed by Libit and Hoffmann and by Inagaki and Fukui in 1974 and Hirano and Imamura in 1975 to predict magnitudes of orbital amplitudes (Scheme 2) for understanding and designing stereoselective reactions.

B. Basler, S. Brandes, A. Spiegel and T. Bach: Total Synthesis of Kalsoene and Preussin.- R. Bandichhor, B. Nosse and O. Reiser: Paraconic Acids - the Natural Products from Lichen Symbiont.- M. Hiersemann and H. Helmboldt: Recent Progress in the Total Synthesis of Dolabellane and Dolastane Diterpenes.- L.A. Wessjohann and E. Ruijter: Strategies for Total and Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Natural Product (-Like) Macrolides.- M. Sefkow: Enantioselective Synthesis of C(8)-Hydroxylated Lignans: Early Approaches and Recent Advances.

This book presents the state of the art in the synthesis very complex saccharide structures, written by leading scientists at the forefront of this rapidly growing field.

With contributions by numerous experts

bacterial carbohydrate recognition are conveyed, covering Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria, in Chapter 4 Streptococci and Staphylococci, and in Chapter 5, carbohydrate binding specificities of Helicobacter pylori. In Chapter 6, ¿Bitter sweetness of complexity,¿ the collected reflections on mic- bial adhesion are expanded by a perspective on a broader impact of glycosylation on cellular adhesion, motility and regulatory processes, paralleling the complexity of N-glycan structures on cell surfaces. It highlights particularly how structural details of N-glycans have been causally related to pathological scenarios, with a focus on ?(1,6)-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. In the final chapter, biofilm formation is reviewed, covering knowledge about structure and biosynthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesins (PIAs) which are central to biofilm formation. This comprehensive chapter explains all PIA-related principles of medical device-associated infections. It is our hope, that this collection of expert articles, ranging from structural ch- istry and structural biology to biochemistry and medicine, will be a stimulation and motivation for our colleagues in the life sciences. At the same time, we hope that these reflections on microbial adhesion will awake interest in and promote und- standing of the complex processes associated with the glycocalyx and the multif- eted interactions between the host cell and its ¿guest,¿ as well as the biological consequences resulting from this mutual interplay.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole.

Part of the "Topics in Current Chemistry" series, this volume covers a range of issues concerned with hypervalent iodine chemistry, including introductions to reactivities, properties and structures, as well as preparation, and coverage of various bond-forming reactions.

T.J. Heckrodt and J.H. Mulzer: Marine Natural Products from Pseudopterogorgia Elisabethae: Structures, Biosynthesis, Pharmacology and Total Synthesis.- M. Kalesse: Vinylogous Aldol Reactions and Their Applications in the Syntheses of Natural Products.- U. Beifuss and M. Tietze: Methanophenazine and Other Natural Biologically Active Phenazines.- H.-J. Knoelker: Occurrence, Biological Activity, and Convergent Organometallic Synthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids.- U. Nubbemeyer: Charge Accelerated Aza-Claisen Rearrangements.- P. Metz: Synthetic Studies on the Pamamycin Macrodiolides.

Orbital mixing rules were developed by Libit and Hoffmann and by Inagaki and Fukui in 1974 and Hirano and Imamura in 1975 to predict magnitudes of orbital amplitudes (Scheme 2) for understanding and designing stereoselective reactions.