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Absolute values and their completions - such as the p-adic number fields - play an important role in number theory. In valuation theory, the notion of completion must be replaced by that of "Henselization". This book develops the theory of valuations as well as of Henselizations, based on the skills of a standard graduate course in algebra.

This book presents a self-contained exposition of the theory of cellular automata on groups and explores its deep connections with recent developments in geometric group theory and other branches of mathematics and theoretical computer science.

This book classifies all families of orthogonal polynomials satisfying a second-order differential or difference equation with polynomial coefficients, which leads to the families of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials belonging to the Askey scheme.

The book is aimed at people working in number theory or at least interested in this part of mathematics. It is hoped that this may be helpful in preventing rediscoveries of old results, and might also inspire the reader to look at the work done earlier, which may hide some ideas which could be applied in contemporary research.

Among others, this monograph presents the most successful existence theorems known and construction methods for Galois extensions as well as solutions for embedding problems combined with a collection of the existing Galois realizations.

The real reason that they are indispensable for number theory, however, lies in the fact that special values of the Riemann zeta function can be written by using Bernoulli numbers. a formula for Bernoulli numbers by Stirling numbers; congruences between some class numbers and Bernoulli numbers;

Written by leading experts in the field, this monograph provides homotopy theoretic foundations for surgery theory on higher-dimensional manifolds. Presenting classical ideas in a modern framework, the authors carefully highlight how their results relate to (and generalize) existing results in the literature.

This introduction to modern set theory opens the way to advanced current research. Coverage includes the axiom of choice and Ramsey theory, and a detailed explanation of the sophisticated technique of forcing. Offers notes, related results and references.

This book provides an overview of the main approaches used to analyze the dynamics of cellular automata. Pattern formation is related to linear cellular automata, to the Bar-Yam model for the Turing pattern, and Greenberg-Hastings automata for excitable media.

The featured review of the AMS describes the author's earlier work in the field of approach spaces as, 'A landmark in the history of general topology'. The theory is then illustrated in such varied fields as topology, functional analysis, probability theory, hyperspace theory and domain theory.

The book analyzes the existence of solitons, namely of finite energy solutions of field equations which exhibit stability properties.

Based on the author's lectures at Cornell Probability Summer School in 2012, this book links the concept of superconcentration with probability theory. Includes a number of open problems for professional mathematicians and exercises for graduate students.

This monograph provides a self-contained introduction to non-commutative multiple-valued logic algebras. It includes treatment of pseudo-BCK algebras, pseudo-hoops, residuated lattices, bounded divisible residuated lattices, and pseudo-MV algebras.

This book covers dimension theory, ANR theory (theory of retracts) and related topics, connecting with various fields in geometric and general topology. Many proofs are illustrated by figures or diagrams, making it easier to understand the underlying concepts.

Presenting current results on analysis in weight spaces with reflection invariant weight functions, and analysis on balls and simplexes, this book covers distribution of points on the sphere, the reconstruction algorithm in computerized tomography and more.

This book offers a clear and comprehensible introduction to incidence geometry, including such topics as projective and affine geometry and the theory of buildings and polar spaces. More than 200 figures make even complicated proofs accessible to the reader.

This book introduces the notion of an E-semigroup, a generalization of the known concept of E_O-semigroup. These objects are families of endomorphisms of a von Neumann algebra satisfying certain natural algebraic and continuity conditions. Its thorough approach is ideal for graduate students and research mathematicians.

This book explores the fundamentals of total domination in graphs, the interplay with transversals in hypergraphs and the association with diameter-2-critical graphs. Includes several proofs, and a toolbox of proof techniques for attacking open problems.

This book gives an account of theoretical and algorithmic developments on the integral closure of algebraic structures. Its main goal is to provide complexity estimates by tracking numerically invariants of the structures that may occur.

This book provides an introduction to the ergodic theory and topological dynamics of actions of countable groups. The more advanced material includes Popa's cocycle superrigidity, the Furstenberg-Zimmer structure theorem, and sofic entropy. The structure of the book is designed to be flexible enough to serve a variety of readers.

This book examines algebraic number theory and the theory of semisimple algebras. It covers classification over an algebraic number field and classification over the ring of algebraic integers.

Over the years, this book has become a standard reference and guide in the set theory community. It provides a comprehensive account of the theory of large cardinals from its beginnings and some of the direct outgrowths leading to the frontiers of contemporary research, with open questions and speculations throughout.

This clearly written text is the first book on unitals embedded in finite projective planes. It provides a thorough survey of the research literature on embedded unitals. The book is well-structured with excellent diagrams and a comprehensive bibliography.

The field of functional equations is an ever-growing branch of mathematics with far-reaching applications. This book presents a comprehensive, nearly encyclopedic, study of the classical topic of functional equations and their applications to related topics.

This book examines interactions of polyhedral discrete geometry and algebra. What makes this book unique is the presentation of several central results in all three areas of the exposition - from discrete geometry, to commutative algebra, and K-theory.

The aim of this book is the classification of symplectic amalgams - structures which are intimately related to the finite simple groups. The classification touches on many important aspects of modern group theory: * p-local analysis * the amalgam method * representation theory over finite fields; and * properties of the finite simple groups.

A long-awaited, updated introductory text by the world leaders in potential theory. This essential reference work covers all aspects of this major field of mathematical research, from basic theory and exercises to more advanced topological ideas. The largely self-contained presentation makes it basically accessible to graduate students.

In a revised edition, this book presents basic results of the theory of convex sets and functions in infinite-dimensional spaces. Includes new results on advanced concepts of subdifferential for convex functions and new duality results in convex programming.

It features three chapters dealing with point distributions on the sphere, including an extensive treatment of Delsarte-Yudin-Levenshtein linear programming methods for lower bounding energy, a thorough treatment of Cohn-Kumar universality, and a comparison of 'popular methods' for uniformly distributing points on the two-dimensional sphere.