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A thorough and closely argued examination of a central issue in philosophical logic, an issue which is shown to have profound implications for the philosophy of language and much of metaphysics.

Studies causation both as a concept and as it is 'in the objects.' Offers new accounts of the logic of singular causal statements, the form of causal regularities, the detection of causal relationships, the asymmetry of cause and effect, and necessary connection, and it relates causation to functional and statistical laws and to teleology.

Edna Ullmann-Margalit provides an original account of the emergence of norms. Her main thesis is that certain types of norms are possible solutions to problems posed by certain types of social interaction situations. She presents illuminating discussions of Prisoners' Dilemma, co-ordination, and inequality (or partiality) situations.

Anti-realism is a doctrine about logic, language, and meaning with roots in the work of Wittengenstein and Frege. In this book, the author clarifies Michael Dummett's case for anti-realism and develops his arguments further.

A "slippery slope argument" is one where you find yourself involved in a sequence of inescapable consequences leading to a disastrous outcome. The author examines these arguments used in issues such as abortion, euthanasia, pornography and censorship, and the decriminalization of marijuana.

The book sets out a new logic of rules, developed to demonstrate how such a logic can contribute to the clarification of historical questions about social rules. The authors illustrate applications of this new logic in their extensive treatments of a variety of accounts of social changes, analysing in these examples the content of particular social rules and the course of changes in them.

The book was planned and written as a single, sustained argument. But earlier versions of a few parts of it have appeared separately. The object of this book is both to establish the existence of the paradoxes, and also to describe a non-Pascalian concept of probability in terms of which one can analyse the structure of forensic proof without giving rise to such typical signs of theoretical misfit. Neither the complementational principle for negation nor themultiplicative principle for conjunction applies to the central core of any forensic proof in the Anglo-American legal system. There are four parts included in this book. Accordingly, these parts have been written in such a way that they may be read in different orders by different kinds ofreader.

The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive philosophical theory which explains the cognitive contribution of metaphor. The argument is illustrated with analysis of metaphors from literature, philosophy, science, and everyday language.

Suggests that, not only can nothing ever be known, but no one can ever have a reason at all for anything. The author argues that no one can ever say, let alone believe, that anything is the case, and also proposes a radical departure from the linguistic and epistemological systems we have become accustomed to.

Presenting an original philosophical theory of the nature of the universe based on a new model of its space-time structure, this book shows how the model illuminates a broad range of subjects, including causation, probability, quantum mechanics, identity and free will.

In this book the author treats art as an action performed by the artist as agent, rather than examining it from the point of view of its audience as contemplators.

In this wide-ranging study, Quinn argues that human moral autonomy is compatible with unqualified obedience to divine commands. He formulates several versions of the crucial assumptions of divine command ethics, defending them against a battery of objections often expressed in the philosophical literature.

Problems which overlap philosophy, cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence are examined in this study which uses linguistic analysis to shed new light on the philosophical and logical problems of meaning, ambiguity, truth, falsity, negation and existence.

This substantially revised second edition of a classic text in philosophy of religion explores what it means, and whether it is coherent, to say that there is a God. Swinburne takes account of new developments in the debate over the past 40 years, and develops his views on central claims about the nature of God in light of recent discussion.

This book argues for a radically different approach to traditional and important problems of moral philosophy. The book discusses three theses; the diversity of moralities and moral judgements, their normativesness, and their possible rationality.

Many philosophers doubt that one can provide any successful explanation of the sensory qualities - of how things look, feel, or seem to a perceiving subject. Clark addresses this apparently intractable problem and suggests that a solution is in fact possible.

An attempt to provide a unified solution to a number of philosophical puzzles through a study of blindspots, ie consistent propositions that cannot be rationally accepted by certain individuals even if they are true.

The aim of this book is to provide a unified theory of properties, relations, and propositions (PRPs). The author explores the two traditional conceptions of PRPs and shows how they can be captured by a single theory.

Niiniluoto surveys different kinds of realism in various areas of philosophy, then sets out his own critical realist philosophy of science, characterizing scientific progress in terms of increasing truthlikeness, and defends this theory against its rivals.

Attempts to show that the simplicity of a hypothesis can be measured by attending to how well it answers certain kinds of questions.

Classic work by one of the most brilliant figures in post-war analytic philosophy.

This treatise criticizes the utopian tendency to put a high value on consensus. It advocates instead the approach of pluralism that society should accept and accommodate its internal differences, rather than seek to constrain agreement in matters of opinion, valuation, and choice.

A critical account of the debate in philoposhy and cognitive science about whether humans are rationale, in the CLARENDON LIBRARY OF LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY series. Stein argues that the question of human rationality must be answered empirically.

This work examines the ways in which fictions relate to the real world, and offers an account of how imaginative works of literature can use fictional content to explore matters of universal human interest. It explores the limits of fictionality in relation to metaphysical and sceptical views.

In this book van Fraassen develops an alternative to scientific realism by constructing and evaluating three mutually reinforcing theories.

The aim of this study is to explore and defend the notion of modality "de re", the idea that objects have both essential and accidental properties. The argument is developed by means of the notion of possible worlds and ranges over such problems as the nature of essence and the problem of evil.