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This collection of essays provides an accessible introduction to Arabic philosophy. It includes chapters on individual thinkers or groups; on areas of philosophical inquiry across the tradition, such as ethics and metaphysics; on later Islamic thought; and on the connections between Arabic philosophy and Greek, Jewish, and Latin philosophy.

William James (1842-1910) was both a philosopher and a psychologist. The essays in this Companion deal with the full range of his thought as well as other issues, including technical philosophical issues, religious speculation, moral philosophy and political controversies of his time.

John Duns Scotus (1265/6-1308) was one of the three principal figures in medieval philosophy and theology, with an influence on modern thought arguably even greater than that of Aquinas. The essays in this volume systematically survey the full range of Scotus's thought.

Peter Abelard (1079-1142) is one of the greatest philosophers of the medieval period. Although best known for his views about universals and his dramatic love affair with Heloise, he made a number of important contributions in metaphysics, logic, philosophy of language, mind and cognition, philosophical theology, ethics, and literature.

Ten leading scholars introduce all the important aspects of Aquinas' thought, ranging from its historical background and dependence on Greek, Islamic, and Jewish philosophy and theology, through the metaphysics, epistemology and ethics, to the philosophical approach to Biblical commentary.

Aristotle is one of the very greatest thinkers in the Western tradition, but also one of the most difficult. The contributors to this volume do not attempt to disguise the nature of that difficulty, but at the same time they offer a clear exposition of the central philosophical concerns in his work.

An internationally recognized team of Kant scholars explore his argument that the basic principles of the natural science are imposed on reality by human sensibility and understanding, and thus that human beings are also free to impose their own free and rational agency on the world. This 1992 volume is the only systematic and comprehensive account of the full range of Kant's writings available.

In the wake of political collapse in Eastern Europe, the intellectual influence of Marx's thought requires re-appraisal. Backed by current debate and new perspectives, this volume provides comprehensive coverage of his significant contributions.

Peter Abelard (1079-1142) is one of the greatest philosophers of the medieval period. Although best known for his views about universals and his dramatic love affair with Heloise, he made a number of important contributions in metaphysics, logic, philosophy of language, mind and cognition, philosophical theology, ethics, and literature.

Each volume of this series of companions to major philosophers contains specially commissioned essays by an international team of scholars, together with a substantial bibliography, and will serve as a reference work for students and non-specialists. New readers and non-specialists will find this the most convenient, accessible guide to Locke currently available.

The range of Freud's work, from sexuality and neurosis to morality, art and culture, is covered in contributions that reveal how he provided society with an original means of interpreting neglected or misunderstood experiences.

This Companion presents a balanced and comprehensive assessment of Nozick's classic contribution to political philosophy. Contributors analyse Nozick's ideas from a variety of perspectives and assess the impact and enduring influence of his work. The volume will be invaluable to students and scholars in both political philosophy and political theory.

This volume offers a full discussion of all significant aspects of Ockham's thought: logic, philosophy of language, metaphysics and natural philosophy, epistemology, ethics, action theory, political thought and theology, and is the first study of Ockham to consider recent discoveries concerning his life, education, and influences.

T. W. Adorno (1903-69) was one of the main philosophers of the first generation of the Frankfurt School of critical theory. An accomplished musician, Adorno first focused on the theory of culture and art. Later he turned to the problem of the self-defeating dialectic of modern reason and freedom.

These specially-commissioned essays are designed to provide an accessible and stimulating guide to an area of philosophical thought and literature that has seen massive expansion in recent years. They will interest any student or teacher of philosophy who is curious about the place of feminism in their subject.

Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) is known for his innovative method of philosophical inquiry which mixes the anecdotal and the personal with serious critiques of human knowledge, politics and the law. This volume explores the range of his philosophy and also examines its social and intellectual contexts.

The essays in this volume explore all of Anselm's major ideas, including his teachings on faith and reason, God's existence and nature, logic, freedom, truth, ethics, and key Christian doctrines. There is also discussion of his life, the sources of his thought, and his influence on other thinkers.

These essays provide a comprehensive overview of the work of Michel Foucault, from his early work on madness to his history of sexuality, and relate his thought to major contemporary movements such as critical theory and feminism. This revised edition contains five new essays and an extensive, updated bibliography.

The essays in this volume explore the full range of Husserl's work and reveal just how systematic his philosophy is. There are treatments of his most important contributions to phenomenology, intentionality and the philosophy of mind, epistemology, the philosophy of language, ontology, and mathematics.

This volume considers all the major aspects of Hegel's work: epistemology, logic, ethics, political philosophy, aesthetics, philosophy of history, and philosophy of religion.

Leading scholars in Cartesian studies present the full range of Descartes' extraordinary philosophical achievement in the context of his life and the development of his thought, as well as the intellectual background of his time.

Acknowledged as the principal architect of Scottish common sense philosophy, Reid is recognized as one of the finest philosophers of the eighteenth century. Combining a sophisticated response to the skeptical and idealist views of his day, Reid's thought stands as an important alternative to Humean skepticism, Kantian idealism and Cartesian rationalism.

John Stuart Mill's impact on modern culture and thought has been immense, and his continuing importance for contemporary philosophy and social thought is widely recognised. This Companion furnishes the reader with a systematic and up-to-date account of the many facets of Mill's thought and influence.